1、专业英语八级（作文）模拟试卷 117及答案与解析 一、 PART V WRITING 1 An old Chinese saying goes that “He that travels far knows much.“ It implies that personal experience counts much. In contrast to this statement, however, a former president of Harvard University once wrote that “books. are the wisest of counselors.“ Whic
2、h is more important? The following are opinions of several netizens on this topic. Read the experts carefully and write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions; 2. give your comment. moonlight-dream They are both important, but in my opinion I hav
3、e to disagree a bit with that former president of Harvard University. I dont think that book knowledge is more important than experience. Yes its very helpful to know all sort of stuff from books and there are tons of things you can learn by reading. But nothing compares to real experiences. Its gre
4、at if you have knowledge about diverse stuff when you get to actually experience it. But if you just read all the time and never get to try anything its not that exciting. Im not saying its a waste of time, but you should try applying what you read and try to live as much as possible. And also, peop
5、le tend to understand more when they experience the actual thing described in the book. Its indeed helpful to see and try all the things you read about to get a clearer view on what its referring to. Like in school. remember the physics class. (at least in my case)the teacher would talk and talk the
6、 whole hour about a certain effect, and it was a bit hard to understand what she meant, but when she showed us with a real machine, then I got a clearer perception on that theory and it was much easier to remember that way. reichiru Well, both are pretty important, but I would actually say that expe
7、rience is more important. Take driving for example. You can read about all the scenarios that might occur while youre driving, but when actually thrown into the situation your mind would go totally blank and you would forget the proper way to handle the situation and perhaps make a critical error. O
8、nly experience can help you with something like that, because with experience you gain a faster reaction time and instinct to the things you have experienced before. Of course book knowledge is still very important, and learning how to balance and implement the two in your life would definitely be b
9、eneficial. runner0369 I believe that both are equally important. Too much of one is useless without the other. If you know everything about a subject but are unable to apply the knowledge because you do not have experience then you cannot do anything with your knowledge. On the other hand, if you ha
10、ve experience but do not know anything about a subject you cannot progress very far or improve upon your experience. Both are necessary to sustain success. Porcospino I think book knowledge outweighs the experience. When I went to nursing school we had to get a lot of book knowledge, and that knowle
11、dge is important because you need to know what to do and what to avoid. If you dont have any theoretical knowledge about nursing you might accidentally harm the patients, simply because you arent aware of potential dangers etc. You need at least a basic knowledge about hygiene and similar things. An
12、d then put it into practice. 2 Should cosmetic surgery, a new fashion among both young and old people whose safety has received much doubt, be banned? The following are supporters and opponents opinions. From those opinions, you can find that people view this issue from different perspective. Write
13、an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the arguments from both sides, and then 2. express your opinion towards whether cosmetic surgery should be banned. Saying NO 1. Some people are so consumed with their appearance that they let it affect their mental well-
14、being. There are even some mental illnesses which are based solely on the bodys appearance, things like anorexia and body dysmorphia. These are illnesses whereby people harm themselves through worry about their appearance. If we have people who have the ability to change what these people do not lik
15、e about their bodies then why should we not use it to help these people with their mental well-being? 2. A legal argument can be made for cosmetic surgery. Under the Human Rights Act which enshrines the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), we have the freedom to express ourselves, Article 10
16、ECHR. If we feel that our body does not reflect who we are as people, then we have the right to change it. If we can dye our hair, change our clothes and have piercings, why should we not be able to express ourselves via cosmetic surgery. Now, this right would not extend to National Health Service (
17、NHS)payment for the cosmetic surgery, but if someone can afford to spend money on their own appearance, there is no reason why they should not be able to, and there is a legal reason why they should be able to. 3. Many people might be lacking self-esteem and confidence in front of their peers and it
18、s only right for us to allow them to do as they wish with their lives. If you dont want to do it, dont do it, but let others feel better with themselves. Saying Yes 1. Seeking cosmetic surgery is not solving the problem at route. The problem with those who take cosmetic surgery is the perception tha
19、t the mind has on what is important. All cosmetic surgery is doing is changing the appearance but not the mental state. Someone who has such a mental disposition will have their offending limb changed, but they will ultimately always find something they are not happy with. Instead of cosmetic surger
20、y, these people should be offered psychological help. Cosmetic surgery only masks the inner problem. 2. It is laughable to think that having larger breasts or lips can be classified as the use of “freedom of expression“. How low has our society gone if we think the most valuable use of our right to
21、freedom of expression is the right to have cosmetic surgery and dye our hair? The availability of cosmetic surgery and making it more acceptable only lets the idea infiltrate society that it is ok to want physical perfection, and that appearance is important. Surely we would want our young to grow u
22、p with higher hopes and aspirations. 3. There can be severe side effects for those who seek cosmetic surgery. Experts warn that the physical pain is quite severe. This includes back pain, bruises, and so on. A few people even died because of cosmetic surgery. 3 As a popular form of leisure and enter
23、tainment, travel is what many people look forward to when they are free. At the same time many tourist attractions do promotion to attract travelers by all means, as tourism supports local economic development by generating a large amount of revenue. The following is an article about tourism. Read i
24、t carefully and write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the main idea of the article, and then 2. give your comment. So many places in the world rely heavily on tourism as a key source of income and employment nowadays, as well as a way of showing off na
25、tional and local heritage, plus perceived successes. Unfortunately, tourism can also be a source of problems too, especially if it is not managed correctly. Advantages of Tourism It brings in money. This is probably the main advantage of tourism and the reason why it has been promoted so much in rec
26、ent years in developing countries especially. Even in many developed countries, the income generated can make up a significant proportion of national income. It provides jobs for the locals. Hotels, bars, transport, shops and restaurants all need staffing and tourism can provide much-needed employme
27、nt for people. It raises the profile of the place generally. Tourism gives a locality the chance to show itself off and raise its profile in the world. It can provide an incentive for investment in infrastructure such as roads and rail networks, as well as funding local medical and education facilit
28、ies. Tourism can provide economic incentives for a place to preserve, regenerate, and upkeep their urban and wildlife areas. Disadvantages of Tourism Tourists often cause environmental damage, with things like pollution and forest fires. Even if tourists behave responsibly, the sheer number of them
29、can cause problems. Things like ancient buildings, monuments and temples often struggle to cope with the vast amounts of tourist traffic and suffer wear and tear, or damage. The commercialization of culture can undermine the soul of a tourist destination. Local traditions that have a rich cultural h
30、eritage are reduced to wearing costumes and putting on acts for the tourists in return for money. Tourists can often lack respect for local traditions and culture, not following local dress standards, for example, or getting drunk in public, or behaving rudely or inappropriately towards locals. Alth
31、ough often jobs are created by tourism, most are relatively low level, such as bar work, hotel service, restaurant serving, etc. with little prospect for promotion. Tourism jobs are quite commonly seasonal and insecure with no extra benefits, such as pensions, sick pay, or health care. Some areas ca
32、n be packed with visitors during busy times, and then virtually deserted for many months. Money can end up being directed to tourist areas when it could be used more effectively elsewhere in a country the locals who dont live in specific tourist areas miss out and suffer relative decline. Often much
33、 of the tourism industry (travel companies, hotels, etc.)in a developing country is actually owned by big foreign companies, who make the major profits, leaving local businesses with relatively little benefit. Tourism can create an imbalance where it becomes so successful that other forms of income
34、generation are neglected and an economic dependence on tourism forms. This is fine in the good times, but can leave the country vulnerable to economic ruin, if it suffers political upheaval, terrorist attacks, or natural disasters, and tourism consequently dips or dries up altogether. 4 The followin
35、g two excerpts are about school uniform, a uniform that is worn by students primarily for a school or otherwise educational institution. From the excerpts, you can find that school uniforms have both supporters and opponents. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summar
36、ize the opinions from both sides briefly, and then 2. express your opinion towards school uniforms, especially whether schools should require their students to wear school uniforms. Excerpt 1 It is difficult to trace the origins of uniforms as there is no comprehensive written history but rather a v
37、ariety of known influences. Although uniforms can often be considered conservative and old-fashioned, uniforms in recent years have changed as societal dress codes have changed. Little is known prior to the nineteenth century about uniforms, but there certainly are influences dating back to the 13th
38、 century. In 1222, the Archbishop of Canterbury ordered monks to wear a specific monastic form of dress. Despite this example, the roots of the modern day uniform come mostly from the collegiate uniforms in England. Universities, primary schools and secondary schools used uniforms as a marker of cla
39、ss and status, which in turn served as a boundary. As early as the sixteenth century, uniforms were utilised and became more specific as various fashion trends became undesirable to the university. Traditionally favored by private institutions, school uniforms are being adopted by US public schools
40、in increasing numbers. Almost one in five US public schools required students to wear uniforms during the 2011-2012 school year, up from one in eight in 2003-2004. Mandatory uniform policies in public schools are found more commonly in high-poverty areas. Proponents say that school uniforms make sch
41、ools safer for students, create a “level playing field“ that reduces socioeconomic disparities, and encourage children to focus on their studies rather than their clothes. Excerpt 2 The opposing side of uniforms have claimed their ineffectiveness using a variety of justifications, a variety of which
42、 have research supporting them. Some of the cons to school uniforms include the following concerns: The primary concern with school uniforms or strict dress codes is that it limits the ability of the student to express themselves. Clothing is viewed as a mean of expression. Making all students wear
43、the same clothes or limiting them to what they can wear can disrupt their sense of identity. Another negative aspect of school uniforms is that it may have a detrimental effect on students self-image. When students have to wear the same outfits, rather than being allowed to select clothes that suit
44、their body types, they can suffer embarrassment at school. Child and teen development specialist Robyn Silverman said that students, especially girls, tend to compare how each other looks in their uniforms: “As a body image expert, I hear from students all the time that they feel it allows for a lot
45、 of comparison. So if you have a body thats a plus-size body, a very tall body, a very short body, those girls often feel that they dont look their best.“ 5 When it comes to job hunting, many college graduates may get caught in a dilemma: to work in a big city, a small city, a small town or even a v
46、illage? The following are peoples opinions on which place to choose for climbing the ladder of career. Read them carefully and write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions, and then 2. express your opinion towards where to choose to work after gr
47、aduation. subha12 I will choose big cities as I know there are more chances in big cities. I am very much concerned about my career, so I like to work in big city. Also I was born and brought up in metro town, so I like to live in big city where everything is easily available. colourless My hometown
48、 is a small city and I enjoy the peace and freedom there. Besides, there is a friendly atmosphere for every person knows others well. When someone was strapped in trouble, others would try to help them out to their best, which is really quite touching. From my perspective, it is the same with the co
49、ndition of work. But now I come to a city to attend university. I sometimes feel bad just because it is so crowded People walk by each other and even never show a little smile. Their difference estranges one another, which probably leads to disharmony of workplace. Thus, after graduation, I will work in small city without hesitation. diansinta I prefer big cities where I can grow and learn a lot. I have easy access to book stores, museums and equal friends who can understand what Im talking about. My mom and dad are in another island of a small city but we u
