1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 129及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Some Theories of History I. The problems of understanding history History with written records: the records may be【 T1】 _ and
3、inaccurate.【 T1】_ History before writing: we can only make a partial【 T2】 _.【 T2】 _ II. Some theories have been proposed to give【 T3】 _ to human history【 T3】_ Theory 1 Man continually【 T4】 _ in terms of his potentials and【 T4】 _ his abilities to【 T5】 _ these potentials.【 T5】 _ Modern man is superior
4、 to his ancestors 【 T6】 _, physically and morally.【 T6】 _ A branch of the theory: man rose to a【 T7】 _ before.【 T7】 _ Theory 2 Mans history is a【 T8】 _ of stages of development, whose pattern is【 T8】_ the【 T9】 _ and fall of civilization.【 T9】 _ Whether modern man is superior to his ancestors depends
5、 on what【 T10】 _ of civilization he is in.【 T10】 _ Theory 3 In this theory, the first two theories【 T11】 _ with each other.【 T11】 _ It is known as the【 T12】 _ of history.【 T12】 _ Theory 4 This theory views human history from the【 T13】 _【 T13】 _ of【 T14】 _ groups.【 T14】 _ Human history can be interpr
6、eted as the【 T15】 _ of class struggle.【 T15】_ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end
7、of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on AN
8、SWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） She worked for ABC Familys new series before her acting career. （ B） She was once a singer and then became an actress. （ C） Amber is regarded as an energetic and plain girl. （ D） She went to Greek college at the age of twenty. （
9、A） Desire plus talents. （ B） Desire plus family background. （ C） Fame plus desire. （ D） Music plus talents. （ A） It was a Christmas special show aired on ABC （ B） All the cast from that season was asked to perform. （ C） Amber Stevens was singing her solo on the stage. （ D） It was a rehearsal for the
10、 brand new ABC Family series. （ A） One goes through the first audition and then waits for the answer. （ B） One has to go directly to meet directors and show them the talents. （ C） One should go through all the procedures from first audition to the network. （ D） One should meet the director first and
11、 have the first audition. （ A） It is a show aiming to introduce the fictional school Cyprus-Rhodes. （ B） It is a show about life in college and relationships. （ C） It is a show focusing on the Greek system and its influence. （ D） It is a show aiming to reflect Ambers life in college. （ A） She is the
12、 leader of the sorority. （ B） She is always having her own dramas. （ C） She is the best friend of Kappa （ D） She is a party animal. （ A） She took part in some sororities to get ideas. （ B） She related her own college life to the role. （ C） She combined Ashleigh with some people she met. （ D） She tri
13、ed to get help from her friends in sororities. （ A） Face of Verizon. （ B） Commercials for Soul Mates. （ C） Selling cute stuff. （ D） Shooting a commercial. （ A） To encourage people to watch her show. （ B） To illustrate people must work hard. （ C） To deny nothing is taken for granted. （ D） To show her
14、 passion to work with him. （ A） Reasons for getting into acting career. （ B） Introduction of Ambers role on Greek. （ C） Mention of Ambers future work. （ D） The prospective future of show business and advice. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 129答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture.
15、 You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank s
16、heet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 Some Theories of History Good morning, everyone. In todays lecture, we are going to talk about some theories of history. How much of mans history do we know? We really know very little. Written records exist for
17、only a fraction of what we suppose to have been mans time as a unique species. Furthermore, the accuracy of these records is often suspected, and the scope and selection of significant detail in them often needs improvement. It is worse when we try to reconstruct mans history before the development
18、of writing, and this is unfortunate because the history of the early development of human society is lost to us. The most that we can do is to use traces, deduction, speculation and the knowledge we have of the habits of those animals which have some elementary social order to help us make a partial
19、 reconstruction. This is hardly a satisfactory substitute for precise information. With our knowledge of human history, which is only fragmentary at best, it is therefore nearly impossible to reconstruct the beginning, and to deduce the end, of the story of man. Thus, there have developed many schoo
20、ls of thought on the subject, each of which attempts to give coherence to the human past by fitting it into the framework of a theory of history. The first theory I want to introduce is assumed that man continually progress. He has evolved from a lower to a higher form of being, and he continues to
21、evolve. This evolution takes place both in terms of his potentials and his abilities to actualize these potentials. If one holds this theory, one feels that modern man must be more intelligent and civilized today than his ancestors, as well as physically and morally superior to them. One further ass
22、umes that this progress will continue into an ever more glorious future. Here deduction often ends and dreams of Utopia begin, for it seems that most of us find it hard to think of the human race developing into a race of angels. All in all, as a theory of history, the above view has had many eminen
23、t supporters. It might be well to mention here a variation on this theory that used to be popular, namely the idea that man rose from a low condition to a Golden Age at some time in the remote past, and that things have gone straight downhill ever since. Many eminent men have found a sort of gloomy
24、comfort in this idea, but science has now opened up possibilities for the future which makes this theory less defendable. Perhaps for this reason the theory has little modern support. A second theory of history is held by those men who see mans history as something quite different from a simple prog
25、ression from a lower to a higher state. They see it as a cycle of stages of development which are predictable in their broad outlines and main features. As surely as a civilization rises and comes into being, so also must it decline and fall. The chief pattern one sees in history is the rise and fal
26、l of civilization. To holders of this theory, modern man is not looked upon as the most superior social being yet produced. He is simply the typical product of the current stage in the cycle of our civilization. In fact he may actually be inferior to members of past civilizations. It all depends upo
27、n what stage of civilization we happen to be living in. Indeed, it has been said that the average modern literate city dweller is comparatively more ignorant of his eras fund of knowledge than other literate city dwellers of the past While the staggering fund of knowledge in our technologically adva
28、nced world is undoubtedly greater than that of any past civilization, it is probably true that the average modern man, relying on such repetitive forms of entertainment as television and working in a narrowly specialized job, knows a great deal less sheer information about his world than did earlier
29、 people. In a third theory of history, the two above theories are to some degree reconciled. According to this theory, which is often termed the spiral view of history, human societies do repeat a cycle of stages, but overall progress observable in the long historical perspective. Civilizations do r
30、ise and fall, as the advocates of the second theory maintain, but the new civilization which replaces the first, usually by conquest, contains superior qualities which enable it to rise to a higher stage of development until it, too, declines and is replaced by yet a third civilization. The above th
31、eories interpret history in term as if the overall progress of mankind in general without respect to differentiations within the social order. It is also possible to view human history in terms of the interaction of socioeconomic groups. Human history, according to this theory, is most clearly inter
32、preted as the disappearance of class struggle. Most people who hold this theory assume an eventual resolution of the struggle through the disappearance of class differences, although it would be just as correct to assume that the struggle could continue unresolved. Those who assume that the struggle
33、 can eventually be resolved hold that history has a goal and that progress can be measured in terms of how quickly mankind is reaching that goal. OK. This brings us to the end of todays lecture. I hope now you can have a better understanding of what history is. Thank you for your attention. 【知识模块】 听
34、力 1 【正确答案】 incomplete fractional 【试题解析】 讲座的主题是 “some theories of history(一些历史理论 )”。原文一开头说，书写的记录仅仅是人类历史的一部分。也就是说，书写的记录是不完整的。空格后的 inaccurate提示此空应填形容词，故用 incomplete“不完整的 ”或fractional“部分的 ”。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 reconstruction 【试题解析】 讲座后来讲到现在我们尽力 “再现 ”书写之前的人类历史，我们能做的最多的就是利用踪迹、推论、思索还有一些我们拥有的关于那些具备基本的社会秩序的动
35、物的习性的知识来帮助我们做部分的 “再现 ”。此处应填入原文出现的reconstruction。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 coherence 【试题解析】 讲座提到关于这一主题有很多理论学派，每一种都尝试和人类过去保持一致，使之适合历史理论的框架。此处应填入原文出现的 coherence。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确 答案】 progress 【试题解析】 讲座第一个要介绍的理论是假设人类是不断进步的。根据题目给出的 continually，可知此处填入 progress“进步 ”。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 actualize 【试题解析】 讲座提到人类是从低级
36、向高级进化的，进化体现在两个方面：他的潜力以及实现这些潜能的能力。此处填入原文原词 actualize。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 mentally 【试题解析】 讲座随后说，在这个理论下，人们觉得现代人肯定 比他们的祖先更加有才智、更文明，而且在身体和道德上也优于祖先。题目已经给出了 physically和 morally，需要用一个词来表示 “有才智、文明 ”，可填入 mentally“智力上 ”。这道题没有现成答案，需要考生根据笔记进行归纳。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 Golden Age 【试题解析】 讲座提到这样一个 idea：在远古的某个时期，人类从一个较低
37、级的状态提升到一个黄金时代。此处填入原文出现的 Golden Age。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 cycle 【试题解析】 讲座说到第二个理论：有人认为人类历史是阶段式的循环发展过程(a cycle of stages of development)，大致轮廓和主要特征都是可预测的。此处填入原文出现的 cycle。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 rise 【试题解析】 第二个理论提到人类历史是循环的，一种文明会起源、形成，它也肯定会衰落、垮台。历史上主要的模式就是文明的兴衰史。此处应填入原文出现的 rise，和 fall形成对应。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 s
38、tage period 【试题解析】 在第二种理论下，现代人是优于祖先还是不如祖先，取决于这个人是生活在文明的哪个阶段 (all depends upon what stage of civilization we happen to be living in)。此处应填入原文出现的 stage，也可填入表示相同意思的词 period。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 reconcile 【试题解析】 讲座提及的第三种理论是前面两种理论某种程度上的融合(reconcile)。此处应填入原文出 现的 reconcile“融合 ”。要注意，原文用的是被动语态，而题目用的是主动语态。 【知识
39、模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 spiral view 【试题解析】 根据第三种理论，这种理论经常被称为历史螺旋观 (the spiral view of history)，人类社会确实在重复阶段式的循环，但长远来看，总的来说是进步的。此处填入原文原词 spiral view 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 interaction 【试题解析】 讲座最后提到，还可以从社会经济群体 互相作用 (the interaction of socioeconomic groups)的角度来看待历史。此处填入原文出现的 interaction。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 socio
40、economic 【试题解析】 空格处位于 of和名词 groups之间，推测应填入修饰 groups的词，和上道题讲的同样内容，此处填入原文出现的 socioeconomic。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 disappearance 【试题解析】 根据这一理论，随着阶级斗 争的消失 (the disappearance of class struggle)，历史就得到了最清晰的解释。此处填入原文出现的 disappearance。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview.
41、The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B ,
42、C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. 16 【听力原文】 M: Whether they are attending college or working their first jobs, by the age of twenty, most young adults are barely starting their lives. In the case of Amber Steven
43、s, her exciting life began several years ago when she had the unique opportunity to sing back-up for Gladys Knight and even sang on stage at an American Idol special. When Amber decided to pursue an acting career, she quickly nabbed the role of a lifetime on ABC Familys new series Greek. I had the p
44、leasure of speaking with the very vigorous and incredibly sweet Amber Stevens about life before Greek, her experience on American Idol and what viewers can expect from this brand new ABC Family series. I understand you were a singer before you got into acting. What made you decide to pursue acting?
45、W: I always wanted to act, I thought it was something I could do, something I was capable of doing. Singing was more of a priority when I was younger. I started playing piano when I was really young. My dad was in radio, so he knew a lot about music and had a lot of friends who were in music, I was
46、just surrounded by it. As I got older, I realized that I had multiple talents, so I decided to just go for it and pursue acting. M: You sang in the on-stage chorus for American Idol, tell us about your experience. W: It was a special performance that aired on Fox. It was a Christmas special show. I
47、believe it was the second or third season of American Idol. It had all of the cast from that season Ruben Studdard, Clay Aiken and all the kids from that season. We sang Christmas songs and I was invited to sing in the on-stage chorus. It was very cool. M: How did the role of Ashleigh on Greek come
48、to you? W: Just like everyone else, it was a regular audition. I had to go through the whole thing just like everyone else where you go through your first audition, then youre invited back and you meet with the producers and then you meet with the director and finally, the network. I guess they like
49、d me! M: Could you give us a general description of Greek? W: Greek is a show based on fraternity and sorority life in college. It takes place at a fictional school called Cyprus-Rhodes and focuses on a girl called Zeta Beta Zeta and two boys, Omega Chi and Kappa Tau. Its all about the parties, all the relationships that you have, and what its like being a part of the Greek system. It
