1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 15及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lectu
2、re. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 How to Study English in Your Dream: the Theory I. Introduction A. Connections among English study, ima
3、gination and dream B. Two related fields: foreign language acquisition 【 B1】 _ psychology【 B1】 _ II. English Study A. Human Beings: to get all kinds of information by five senses B. Seeing: to【 B2】 _83.3% of all information【 B2】 _ vision has vital importance the more visualized and【 B3】 _, the bette
4、r memorized【 B3】 _ C. Daydreams: to serve better than visualized lessons because you can live your past experience repeatedly you can apply to all senses【 B4】 _ or not【 B4】 _ D. Other techniques: to magnify, minify,【 B5】 _, etc.【 B5】 _ closely related to development of imagination very professional
5、topics III. Dream: a(n)【 B6】 _ of living experience and imagination【 B6】 _ A. Imagination is part of dream B. Living experience is the collection of memories 【 B7】 _of ones own experience begins as a person【 B7】 _could remember things C. Imagination can greatly improve English study IV. Review A. En
6、glish study: to be enhanced by【 B8】 _ through five senses【 B8】 _ B. Living experience: collection of memories C. Dream: composed of imagination and living experience D. Dream goes with sub-consciousness imagination can【 B9】 _【 B9】 _ and fantasy matches with consciousness V. Conclusion You can have a
7、 dream in English language with: A. A good preparation of living experience B. A【 B10】 _ into vivid imagination in your mind【 B10】 _ 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 10 Developing an Advertising Campaign Generally speaking, four major steps are involv
8、ed in the development of an advertising campaign. I.【 B1】 _ and analyzing the advertising target【 B1】 _ A. Have a clear idea of your advertising target critical: it is the【 B2】 _ of other steps【 B2】 _ B. Analyze advertising targets to develop an information base for the campaign II. Creating the adv
9、ertising platform Advertising platform refers to the selling points which an advertiser thinks are important to【 B3】 _.【 B3】 _ One of the best ways to determine what the selling points are is through【 B4】 _.【 B4】 _ III. Developing the media plan A. Formulation of a media plan involves the【 B5】 _ of
10、exact media【 B5】 _ time arrangement with each medium B. Factors to be considered in this step include characteristics of the target audience the【 B6】 _ of media【 B6】 _ the【 B7】 _【 B7】 _ IV. Executing the campaign A. Execution of an advertising campaign requires much planning and【 B8】 _【 B8】 _ B. Det
11、ailed【 B9】 _ are required to ensure everything【 B9】 _ is done on time C.【 B10】 _ of the quality of work is also necessary【 B10】 _ to make improvements 11 【 B1】 12 【 B2】 13 【 B3】 14 【 B4】 15 【 B5】 16 【 B6】 17 【 B7】 18 【 B8】 19 【 B9】 20 【 B10】 20 General Ideas about Rhetoric I. The definition that thr
12、ough five senses imagination can greatly improve English study. However, there is a slight difference between imagination in a dream and that in fantasy, the former being controllable by consciousness while the latter by sub-consciousness. In another words, one can not manipulate his dream; but he c
13、an take firm hold of everything in his fantasy. Thus, your imagination runs freely with your sub-consciousness while it can be manipulated by your consciousness. Here comes a review: firstly, English study can be enhanced by imagination through five senses. Secondly, living experience is merely the
14、collection of your own memories of what you have been through since the day you could remember things. Thirdly, dream is composed of imagination and living experience of both past and presence. Fourthly, the difference between dream and fantasy is that dream goes with subconsciousness in which imagi
15、nation can run free, and fantasy matches with consciousness in which imagination can be controlled. Putting the conclusions above together, we can find out that with a good preparation of living experience concerning English you would like to learn, with a conversion from the English material into v
16、ivid imagination in your mind, you can have a dream in English language as depicted at the outset of this lecture. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 cognitive 【试题解析】 讲座的主题关于 “how to study English in your dream(如何在梦中学习英语 )”，随后紧接着涉及英语学习、想象和梦之间的关系。根据录音原文提及的两个学科一 Foreign Language Acquisition和 Cognitive Psychology，可知答案
17、为cognitive。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 receive absorb 【试题解析】 此题介绍了 5种 感官接受信息的区别。根据录音原文 “调查显示，在所有的信息中， 83 3是通过视觉获得的 ”，可推测答案为 receive或其同义词absorb。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 vivid 【试题解析】 此题具体谈论视觉和信息之间的关系。录音原文提到 “内容越形象、生动，给人留下的印象就越深 ”，对照题目，可知答案为 vivid。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 available 【试题解析】 此题继续具体谈论学习、感官和梦之间的关系，根据录音原文 “不仅
18、能够回忆过往经历， 而且能应用可获得的感觉 ”，答案为 available。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 exaggerate 【试题解析】 此题谈及增强想象力效果的方法。录音提到 “增强想象力效果的方法包括放大、缩小、夸张等 ”。根据原文中的关键信息 magnifying， minifying，exaggerating，再题目给出了 to，要求填入动词原形，故应填入 exaggerate。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 combination mixture 【试题解析】 此题涉及梦的定义。 录音原文中提到 “根据弗洛伊德对梦的定义，梦是生活经历和想象的混合物 ”，由此可知
19、答案为 combination或 mixture。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 accumulation 【试题解析】 此题具体解释经验是记忆的汇集这一说法。原文录音中提到 “只要人们能记忆事情，就能开始积累其经历 ”，原文出现的是动词 accumulate，题目空格后的 of提示了要填入名词，由此可知答案为 accumulation。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 imagination 【试 题解析】 此题答案在 review部分可直接获得。根据录音原文 “首先，英语学习可以通过五种感官的想象得到提高 ”，因此答案为 imagination。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正
20、确答案】 run free not be controlled not be manipulated 【试题解析】 录音原文提到 “梦与幻想之间的区别在于，梦和潜意识有关，在梦里想象是没有束缚的；幻想和知觉有关，在幻想里想象是被控制的 ”。对照题目可知答案为 run free或 not be controlled， not be manipulated。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 conversion 【试题解析】 此题是全文总结部分。其中录音提到 “我们发现，有了和英语有关的生活经历的准备，我们通过从英语材料到生动想象的转变来学习英语 ”，由此可知答案为 conversion。
21、 【知识模块】 听力 10 【听力原文】 Developing an Advertising Campaign Several steps are required to develop an advertising campaign. The number of steps and the exact order in which they are carried out may vary according to an organizations resources, the nature of its product, and the types of audiences to be r
22、eached. However, the major steps in the creation of an advertising campaign are(1)identifying and analyzing the advertising target,(2)creating the advertising platform,(3)developing the media plan,(4)executing the campaign. These general guidelines for developing an advertising campaign are appropri
23、ate for all types of organizations. A basic question that marketers must answer as they begin to develop an advertising campaign is: “Whom are we trying to reach with our message?“ The advertising target is the group of people toward which advertisements are aimed. Identifying and analyzing the adve
24、rtising target is critical because the other steps in developing the campaign are based on this. The advertising target often includes everyone in a firms target market. Marketers may, however, seize some opportunities to direct a campaign at only a portion of the target market. Advertisers analyze
25、advertising targets to develop an information base for a campaign. Information that is commonly needed includes the location and geographic distribution of the target group; the distribution of age, income, race, sex, and education; and consumer attitudes regarding the purchase and use both of the a
26、dvertisers products and of competing products. The exact kinds of information that an organization will find useful depend on the type of product being advertised, the characteristics of the advertising target, and the type and amount of competition. Generally, the more advertisers know about the ad
27、vertising target, the more able they are to develop an effective advertising campaign. When the advertising target is not precisely identified and properly analyzed, the campaign has less chance of success. Now lets come to the second step: creating the advertising platform. By advertising platform,
28、 we mean the basic issues or selling points that an advertiser wishes to include in the advertising campaign. A marketers advertising platform should consist of issues that are important to consumers. One of the best ways to determine what those issues are is to survey consumers to learn what they c
29、onsider most important in the selection and use of the product involved. The selling features must not only be important to consumers; if possible, they should also be features that competitive products do not have. A media plan sets forth the exact media to be used, specific magazines, television s
30、tations, newspapers, and so forth, and the dates and times that the advertisements will appear. To formulate a media plan, the planner selects the media for a campaign and draws up a time schedule for each medium. The media planners primary goal is to reach the largest number of persons in the adver
31、tising target per dollar spent on media. Media planners begin by making rather broad decisions; eventually, however, they must make very specific choices. A planner first must decide which kinds of media to use. The major kinds are radio, television, newspapers, magazines, direct mail, outdoor displ
32、ays, and mass transit vehicles. After making the general media decision, the planner selects specific categories within each medium. A toothpaste marketer, for example, might decide to use television and magazines. The marketer then must consider whether to use childrens, womens daytime, family, and
33、/or late-night adult television programming and whether to use mens, womens, teen-agers, childrens, and/or general audience magazines. Finally, the planner must select the specific media vehicles. Having chosen family television programs and womens magazines, the toothpaste marketer, for instance, m
34、ust select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific womens magazines to be used. Media planners take many factors into account as they prepare a media plan. They analyze the location and demographic characteristics of people in the advertising target, since the various medi
35、a appeal to particular groups of people in particular locations. For example, there are radio stations especially for teenagers, magazines for men in the 18 to 34 age group, and television programs aimed at adults. Media planners also should consider the sizes and types of audiences reached by speci
36、fic media. Several data services collect and periodically publish information about the circulation and audiences of various media. The cost of media is an important but troublesome consideration. Planners try to obtain the best coverage possible for each dollar spent. Yet there is no accurate way o
37、f comparing the cost and impact of a television commercial with the cost and impact of a newspaper advertisement. The content of the message sometimes affects the choice of media Print media can be used more effectively than broadcast media to present many issues or numerous details. If an advertise
38、r wants to promote beautiful colors, patterns, or textures, then media that offer high-quality color reproduction magazines or television should be used instead of newspapers. For example, food can look extremely appetizing and delicious in a full-color magazine advertisement, but it might look far
39、less so in black and white. The execution of an advertising campaign requires an extensive amount of planning and coordination. Regardless of whether an organization uses an advertising agency, a large number of people and firms are involved in the execution of a campaign. Production companies, rese
40、arch organizations, media firms, printers, and commercial artists are just a few examples of the types of people and organizations that contribute to a campaign. Implementation requires detailed schedules to ensure that various phases of the work are done on time. Advertising management personnel mu
41、st evaluate the quality of the work and make improvements when necessary. In some instances, changes have to be made during the campaign to make it more effective in meeting campaign objectives. 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 Identifying 【试题解析】 演讲人在提到广告宣传活动时，第一个步骤便是 identifying and analyzing the advertising ta
42、rget。所填内容在文中多次出现，只要做好笔记，此题不难填入答案 Identifying。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 basis foundation 【试题解析】 critical是个关键词，其后 because从句的内容表明原因， 应做好相应的记录。原文出现的是 based，题目要求填入名词，故填名词形式 basis，或与其意思相近的 foundation。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 consumers 【试题解析】 演讲人在谈及第二个步骤 creating the advertising platform时，谈到了 advertising platform应该
43、包含对消费者最重要的事项。空格处填consumers。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 survey surveys 【试题解析】 谈到如何确定 issues时谈到了通过 survey的方式，空格前为介词through，因此需填入名词形式的 survey或 surveys。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 selection choice 【试题解析】 在谈到 formulate a media plan时，演讲人谈到 the planner selects the media for a campaign，此空需要一个名词，故填入 select的名词形式selection，或
44、者其同义词 choice。 【知识模块】 听力 16 【正确答案】 cost 【试题解析】 在谈到 factors时，演讲人提及了 characteristics、 cost of media和content of message三方面，空格处为第二个方面。 【知识模块】 听力 17 【正确答案】 content of message 【试题解析】 此空为 factors的第三个方面，即 the content of message。 【知识模块】 听力 18 【正确答案】 coordination 【试题解析】 在谈到 execution of an advertising campaign
45、时，演讲人说广告活动的执行需要大量的 planning andcoordination，空格处应填 coordination。 【知识模块】 听力 19 【正确答案】 schedules 【试题解析】 演讲人在结尾处提到 “执行需要详细的时间表来确保 ” ，空格前已给出了 detailed，填入原文提及的 schedules即可。 【知识模块】 听力 20 【正确答案】 Evaluation 【 试题解析】 原文提到 “在必要时，广告管理人事部必须评估工作的质量并改进 ”，原文出现的是 evaluate，空格处应填入名词，故应将动词 evaluate变为evaluation，注意要大写首字母。
46、 【知识模块】 听力 20 【听力原文】 General Ideas about Rhetoric Good morning. Today our lecture will focus on the rhetoric. First of all, what is the rhetoric. According to the dictionary, rhetoric refers to the art of using words effectively in speaking or writing; especially, now, the art of prose composition.
47、Although there are many different definitions about rhetoric, in this lecture we consider rhetoric as the art of harnessing reason, emotions and authority, through language, with a view to persuade an audience and, by persuading, to convince this audience to act, to pass judgment or to identify with
48、 given values. However, nowadays, the word “rhetoric“ often has negative connotations. If we say of a politicians speech that it was just “rhetoric,“ we mean that it sounded good but it didnt really say anything important. We might even mean that it was manipulative it used language in a slick way to get us to agree with something we wouldnt otherwise agree with. But it wasnt always so. In fact, for much of Western history, “rhetoric“ was considered very important. From ancient Greece through the Middle Ages in Europe, rhetorical skill was prized as a way of succeeding in lif
