1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 245及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 How to Approach a Dissertation I. What is a dissertation a piece of writing with【 T1】 _ developed in response to a【 T1】 _ cent
3、ral question or proposition something new and【 T2】 _ of your abilities to analyze and【 T2】 _ synthesize II. Some fundamental【 T3】 _ of writing a dissertation【 T3】 _ A. know the word limits and the demand of【 T4】 _【 T4】 _ B. contain a detailed exploration of evidence gathered from【 T5】 _【 T5】 _ gathe
4、red by your own, first-hand research C. be clear about the nature of【 T6】 _【 T6】 _ D. present it in a professionally finished manner know the format, layout and【 T7】 _【 T7】 _ . How to manage your supervisor A. discuss the amount of【 T8】 _ and support you need【 T8】 _ B. ask for the past dissertations
5、 C. set up appropriate【 T9】 _ or pairings with fellow students【 T9】 _ D. map and monitor the progress with a(n)【 T10】 _ of tasks【 T10】 _ E. evaluate and respond to the supervisors【 T11】 _【 T11】 _ IV. How to manage your【 T12】 _【 T12】 _ A. draw a timetable university timetable and other regular【 T13】
6、_【 T13】 _ B. rearrange your time find time for study,【 T14】 _ or entertainment【 T14】 _ C. fill in the schedule with personal study periods 【 T15】 _ is the key to meet the deadline 【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】
7、 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 15 How to Do Well on a Job Interview A typical interview confusing, humiliating, and nerve-racking 【 T1】 _ in the same room with other applicants【 T1】 _ faced with a【 T2】 _【 T2】 _ be asked various questions wait for a long time after the interview Guidelines to win the interview
8、 A. present yourself as【 T3】 _【 T3】 _ reason:【 T4】 _ was often made before the interview began【 T4】 _ methods: a. dress appropriately b. pay attention to your【 T5】 _【 T5】 _ c. look alert,【 T6】 _ , and friendly【 T6】 _ d. expect to make【 T7】 _【 T7】 _ B. be ready for the interviewers questions -Ql.【 T8
9、】 _【 T8】 _ raised to see your ability of【 T9】 _【 T9】 _ Q2. strengths and weaknesses mention traits that will serve you well in this particular job admit【 T10】 _ that employers might like【 T10】 _ Q3. reasons to hire you do not be afraid to【 T11】 _【 T11】 _ Q4. further questions question specific aspec
10、ts of the job avoid asking【 T12】 _【 T12】 _ C. send a thank-you note a chance to【 T13】 _【 T13】 _ content: remind the interviewer of the job you applied for 【 T14】 _【 T14】 _. reaffirm your interest in the job make the note courteous, businesslike and【 T15】 _【 T15】 _ 16 【 T1】 17 【 T2】 18 【 T3】 19 【 T4】
11、 20 【 T5】 21 【 T6】 22 【 T7】 23 【 T8】 24 【 T9】 25 【 T10】 26 【 T11】 27 【 T12】 28 【 T13】 29 【 T14】 30 【 T15】 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 245答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the ga
12、p-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 How to Approac
13、h a Dissertation Good morning, everyone. We will talk about how to write a dissertation in todays lecture, as we know dissertations have become an increasingly important component of higher education. It provides you with an opportunity to work independently on a topic that particularly interests yo
14、u. So, it is important to know how to approach your own dissertation in the first place. First, we will have a brief introduction of dissertation. Different subject disciplines may emphasize different features, but, broadly speaking, (1) a dissertation is a continuous piece of writing, arranged in c
15、learly placed paragraphs, in which an argument is developed in response to a central question or proposition. The line of argument is supported by evidence you have acquired through research, which you are required to analyze, and which supports or contradicts the various perspectives explored in th
16、e course of the argument. The dissertation then reaches a conclusion in the final section, which pulls together the threads of your argument, supporting, qualifying or rejecting the original thesis. It is worth bearing in mind that (2) an academic dissertation is not a piece of writing designed to r
17、eproduce information available elsewhere, but something new and expressive of your individual abilities to analyze and synthesize. In addition, the process of academic writing will help you to learn, by enabling you to work with concepts and information relevant to your subject, and thereby developi
18、ng your intellectual skills. (3) Second, we will come to the fundamental principles of writing a dissertation and you have to bear in mind the following key points. First of all, it is an extended piece of writing, usually divided into chapters. (4) So you should know the lower and upper word limits
19、 acceptable for your dissertation and whether you should be following a particular sequence of chapter headings. Secondly, it contains a detailed exploration of evidence. (5) The evidence referred to may be from published texts, or it may consist of primary data gathered by your own, first-hand rese
20、arch, for example, a sociological study of attitudes to gender roles based on research methods such as interviews and questionnaires. (6) Thirdly, you are required to be clear about the nature of the methodology you will use for gathering the evidence. That is to say, why are you collecting data or
21、analyzing evidence in that way rather than in another way? And also, it must be supported throughout by awareness of theory. Your argument should be placed within the context of existing theory relevant to the subject. Finally, it has to be presented in a professionally finished manner. (7) So you h
22、ave to be fully aware of the precise details about the format, layout and stylistic requirements of your assignment. Third, it is about how to manage your supervisor. Since a dissertation is an individually devised piece of work, you will be allocated a personal supervisor to support you while you a
23、re writing it. Do not delay in having your first meeting with her or him, as it is vital to discuss not only what topic you will start by exploring, but also how you can best work on your dissertation. Here are some aspects of managing your supervisor. (8) Firstly, let your supervisor know how much
24、contact and support you would like. Necessarily, you have to agree together at the outset on when you will meet and how best contact can be made. Secondly, ask for access, where possible, to past dissertations of the kind you are being asked to write, so that you can get a sense of their scope, stru
25、cture, tone and the methodology used. (9) Thirdly, consider contributing to the setting up of appropriate support groups or pairings with fellow students, so that you can clarify your own thinking by discussing it with others if this is acceptable to your supervisor. Fourthly, find an appropriate wa
26、y of mapping and monitoring your own progress. (10) I recommend you a checklist of tasks to be completed. (11) Lastly, you have to evaluate and respond to your supervisors feedback by making notes and reflecting on what has been said or written, then applying the feedback to the next stage of your r
27、esearch. (12) Fourth, we will talk about how to manage your time. Writing a dissertation can be very demanding in terms of managing your time and the process itself. It is a major piece of work and you are likely to have months before it is due for submission, so the dissertation sometimes causes pr
28、oblems even for people who are normally good at meeting deadlines. So, how to arrange your time? First, draw a typical weeks timetable on a large sheet of paper. (13) Show thorough information about your university timetable and other regular commitments such as part-time work and regular social eve
29、nts. Second, after marking in the essentials, as you see them, take a good look at where you could commit time. Look particularly for those odd hours which are easily frittered away doing nothing much, and see if you can turn these into study time, (14) so that some clear chunks of time are left for
30、 you to relax, keep fit, go shopping, watch TV and so on. Third, fill in your schedule with personal study periods. When are you going to work on your dissertation, and when on your other commitments? Take account of when you are at your best for studying, for example, can you work early in the morn
31、ing or late at night? (15) Regular work throughout your dissertation unit will mean less chance of any all-night, last-minute, nail-biting sessions during the week before it needs to be submitted. Now, to sum up todays lecture, we have introduced some methods to approach a dissertation in your study
32、. Before we finish, Id like to say if you want to hand in an excellent dissertation in the future, you also have to research your topic very carefully, so next time I will introduce to you the methods of selecting and researching your topics. OK, this brings us to the end of todays lecture. Thanks f
33、or your attention. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 an argument 【试题解析】 这篇讲座的主题是：如何应对专题论文。讲话者在句 (1)中给出了专题论 文的定义，即专题论文是一篇连续的作品，段落设置清晰明了，在解答核心问题或命题的过程中会形成一个论点。因此答案为 an argument。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 expressive 【试题解析】 由句 (2)可知，学术论文并不是一篇复制那些随处可见的信息的文章，它是体现你个人的分析与综合能力的新东西。因此答案为 expressive。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 principles 【
34、试题解析】 由句 (3)可知，讲话者所要讲的第二大方面是写专题论文的基本 原则。因此答案为 principles。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 chapter headings 【试题解析】 由句 (4)可知，写专题论文的第一个原则是：了解专题论文所规定的最低字数和最高字数，以及是否应该遵循一个特定的章节标题顺序。即，需要知道字数限制以及对章节标题的要求，因此答案为 chapter headings。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 published texts 【试题解析】 讲话者提到，写专题论文的第二个原则是：论文要包含详细的证据研 究。由句 (5)可知，论文中涉及的证据
35、可以出自已经发表的文章或者你自己实际研究过程中所收集的原始数据。因此答案为 published texts。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 the methodology 【试题解析】 由句 (6)可知，写专题论文的第三个原则是：要清楚自己收集证据所用的方法的本质。因此答案为 the methodology。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 stylistic requirements 【试题解析】 讲话者指出，写论文时要把握的最后 一个原则是：论文要以专业的方式呈现出来。由句 (7)可知，一定要留意论文的格式、排版、文体要求等细节，故答案为 stylistic requirem
36、ents。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 contact 【试题解析】 由句 (8)可知，与导师沟通的第一个要点是：要让导师知道你想要多少联系与支持。因此答案为 contact。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 support groups 【试题解析】 由句 (9)可知，与导师沟通的第三个要点是：要考虑和同学建立恰当的互助组 或者结对。因此答案为 support groups。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 checklist 【试题解析】 与导师沟通的第四个要点是：找到一个合适的方法规划和监测自己论文的进展情况。由句 (10)可知，讲话者推荐使用任务核对一览表，故答
37、案为checklist。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 feedback 【试题解析】 由句 (11)可知，与导师沟通的最后一个要点是：应评价并且回应导师的反馈 做笔记，思考导师讲过的话或写过的字，然后把导师的反馈应用 到下一阶段的研究中。因此答案为 feedback。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 time 【试题解析】 由句 (12)可知，讲话者要讨论的第四大方面是如何管理时间。因此答案为 time。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 commitments 【试题解析】 讲话者在讲到如何管理时间的第一点时提到，要在一张大纸上画一个周时间表，根据句 (13)可知，
38、时间表的内容包括你的课程时间表和其他诸如兼职、社交活动等正常时间投入的详细信息。因此答案为 commitments。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 relaxation 【试题解析】 句 (14)中，讲话者在讲述如何管理时间的第二点时提到，尤其要注意那些非常容易被浪费掉的不规律时间，看一看是否能将这些时间用来学习，这样就可以留出一些整段的时间来放松、健身、购物、逛街等。言外之意就是，除了留出时间来学习之外，还要留出一部分时间来放松和娱乐，因此答案为relaxation。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 regular work 【试题解析】 由句 (15)可知，论文写作期间的
39、规律 安排可以降低论文提交前一周紧张熬夜的可能性，故答案为 regular work。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【听力原文】 How to Do Well on a Job Interview Good morning. Today Id like to share my views on how to do well on a job interview. To many people, the job interview is a confusing, humiliating, and nerve-racking experience. (1) First of all, you hav
40、e to wait for your appointment in an outer room, often trapped there with other people applying for the same job. Then you are called into the interviewers office. (2) Faced with a complete stranger, you have to try to act both cool and friendly as you are asked all sorts of questions. Finally, you
41、go home and wait for days and even weeks. If you get the job, great. But if you dont, youre rarely given any reason why. The job-interview “game“ may not be much fun, but it is a game you can win if you play it right. The name of the game is standing out from the crowd in a positive way. Here are gu
42、idelines to help you play the interview game to win. (3) Firstly, present yourself as a winner. For example, the way you dress, speak, and move gives the interviewer more information about you than you would think possible. You doubt that this is true. Consider this: a professional job recruiter, me
43、eting a series of job applicants, was asked to signal the moment he decided not to hire each applicant. (4) The thumbs-down decision was often made in less than 45 seconds even before the applicant thought the interview had begun. How can you keep from being a victim of an instant “no“ decision? To
44、begin with, dress appropriately. This means business clothing: usually a suit and tie or a conservative dress or skirt suit. Dont wear casual student clothing. On the other hand, dont overdress: youre going to a job interview, not a party. (5) Furthermore, pay attention to your grooming. Untidy hair
45、, body odor, unshined shoes, a hanging hem, stains on your tie, excessive makeup or cologne, a sloppy job of shaving if the interviewer notices any of these, your prospect of being hired takes a probably fatal hit. (6) Moreover, look alert, poised, and friendly. When that interviewer looks into the
46、waiting room and calls your name, he or she is getting a first impression of your behavior. If youre slouched in your chair, dozing or lost in the pages of a magazine, if you look up with an annoyed “Huh?“, he or she will not be favorably impressed. What will earn you points is rising promptly and w
47、alking briskly toward the interviewer. Smiling and looking directly at that person, extend your hand to shake his or hers, saying, “Im Lesley Brown. Thank you for seeing me today. “ (7) Finally, expect to make a little small talk. This is not a waste of time; it is the interviewers way of checking y
48、our ability to be politely sociable, and it is your opportunity to cement the good impression youve already made. The key is to follow the interviewers lead. If he or she wants to chat about the weather for a few minutes, do so. But dont drag it out; as soon as you get a signal that its time to talk about the job, be ready to get down to business. After you settle down in the room for your interview, next, get ready for the interviewers questions. The same questions come up again and again in many jo
