1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 250及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Asking Questions Effectively I. Reason Asking the right questions helps improve communication skills: collecting better【 T1】 _
3、 , building stronger relationships, etc. 【 T1】 _ . Questioning techniques A. open and closed questions 1) closed questions receive a short,【 T2】 _ answer【 T2】 _ functions: to test ones understanding,【 T3】 _ a【 T3】 _ discussion, etc. notice: avoid a【 T4】 _ closed question【 T4】 _ 2) open questions eli
4、cit long answers ask for the respondents knowledge, opinion or【 T5】 _【 T5】 _ functions; to develop an open conversation, find out more【 T6】 _ , etc.【 T6】 _ B. funnel questions steps: general questions; one【 T7】 _ in each answer; more【 T7】 _ details often used by【 T8】 _【 T8】 _ functions: to arouse th
5、e interest or increase the【 T9】 _ of【 T9】 _ the listener, etc. C.【 T10】 _ questions【 T10】 _ another strategy for finding out more details: an example; additional information; proof functions: to gain【 T11】 _ and draw information【 T11】 _ D. leading questions lead the respondent to your way of thinkin
6、g assumption; a personal【 T12】 _ ; a choice between two【 T12】 _ options functions: to get your【 T13】 _ without imposing your【 T13】 _ thought on the listener, etc. E.【 T14】 _ questions【 T14】 _ statements phrased in question form function: to be【 T15】 _ for the listener【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】
7、 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both
8、the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A
9、） An introduction to a course. （ B） A discussion about homework. （ C） An introduction to a pet. （ D） A suggestion on raising a dog. （ A） Innovative. （ B） Original. （ C） Out-of-date. （ D） Boring. （ A） By showing lovely pictures of dogs. （ B） By presenting various species of dogs. （ C） By pointing out
10、 the relationship between humans and dogs. （ D） By pointing out the relationship between wolves and dogs. （ A） Herding sheep. （ B） Sniffing out explosives. （ C） Being humans companion. （ D） Hunting with humans. （ A） More than 20,000 years. （ B） Less than 20,000 years. （ C） More than 2,000 years. （ D
11、） Less than 2,000 years. （ A） The dogs share 99.6% of the same DNA as wolves. （ B） The dogs brains work like those of wolves. （ C） The dogs are very likely to become wolves. （ D） The dogs are as close to wolves as humans are to chimps. （ A） How dogs benefit from humans. （ B） How human beings benefit
12、 from the close relationship with dogs. （ C） The theories about the origin of dogs. （ D） The theories about the bond between dogs and human beings. （ A） The biophilia hypothesis. （ B） The social support theory. （ C） The self psychology. （ D） The behavioral theory. （ A） Humans survival needs for acqu
13、iring food and safety. （ B） Humans care for animals. （ C） Humans sense of protecting environment. （ D） Humans feeling of loneliness. （ A） It says that animals are a source of social support and companionship. （ B） It says that an animal or a plant can be a “self-object“. （ C） It explains why animals
14、 are so crucial to a persons sense of self and well-being. （ D） It explains why living with dogs is the only way to cure psychological problems. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 250答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to t
15、he mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the ga
16、p-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 Asking Questions Effectively Good morning, everyone. This time well talk about a key factor in our daily communication asking questions. Garbage in, garbage out, is a popular truth, often said in relation to computer systems: If you put the wrong information in, youll get th
17、e wrong information out. The same principle applies to communication in general: If you ask the wrong questions, youll probably get the wrong answers, or at least not quite what youre hoping for. Asking the right question is at the heart of effective communication and information exchange. By using
18、the right questions in a particular situation, you can improve a whole range of communication skills, (1) for example, you can gather better information and learn more; you can build stronger relationships, manage people more effectively and help others to learn too. So here are some common question
19、ing techniques, and when and when not to use them. The first technique is to use open and closed questions. (2) A closed question usually receives a single word or very short, factual answer. For example, “Are you thirsty?“ The answer is “Yes.“ or “No.“; “Where do you live?“ The answer is generally
20、the name of your town or your address. (3) Closed questions are good for testing your understanding, or the other persons, such as “So, if I get this qualification, I will get a raise?“, concluding a discussion or making a decision, such as “Now we know the facts, are we all agreed this is the right
21、 course of action?“ and they are also good for frame setting. (4) However, a misplaced closed question, on the other hand, can kill the conversation and lead to awkward silences, so are best avoided when a conversation is in full flow. Open questions elicit longer answers. They usually begin with wh
22、at, why, how. (5) An open question asks the respondent for his or her knowledge, opinion or feelings. “Tell me“ and “describe“ can also be used in the same way as open questions. For example, “What happened at the meeting?“ “Why did he react that way?“ “How was the party?“ “Tell me what happened nex
23、t.“ “Describe the circumstances in more detail.“ Open questions are good for developing an open conversation, such as “What did you get up to on vacation?“, (6) finding out more details, such as “What else do we need to do to make this a success?“ and finding out the other persons opinion or issues
24、like “What do you think about those changes?“ The second technique I want to talk about is funnel questions. (7) This technique involves starting with general questions, and then homing in on a point in each answer, and asking more and more details at each level. (8) Its often used by detectives tak
25、ing a statement from a witness. Using this technique, the detective can help the witness relive the scene and gradually focus on a useful detail. Perhaps hell be able to identify young men wearing a hat like this from CCTV footage. It is unlikely he would get this information if he simply asks an op
26、en question such as “Are there any details you can give me about what you saw?“ Funnel questions are good for finding out more details about a specific point, such as “Tell me more about Option 2.“ (9) They are also good for gaining the interest or increasing the confidence of the person youre speak
27、ing with, for example, “Have you used the IT Helpdesk?“ “Did they solve your problem?“ “What was the attitude of the person who took your call?“ (10) The third technique is probing questions. Asking probing questions is another strategy for finding out more details. Sometimes its as simple as asking
28、 your respondent for an example, to help you understand a statement they have made. At other times, you need additional information for clarification, such as “ When do you need this report, and do you want to see a draft before I give you my final version?“ or to investigate whether there is proof
29、for what has been said, such as “How do you know that the new database cant be used by the sales force?“ An effective way of probing is to use the 5 Whys method, which can help you quickly get to the root of a problem. (11) Probing questions are good for gaining clarification to ensure you have the
30、whole story and that you understand it thoroughly and drawing information out of people who are trying to avoid telling you something. The fourth technique is leading questions. Leading questions try to lead the respondent to your way of thinking. They can do this in several ways. For example, the a
31、ssumption, “How late do you think that the project will deliver?“, assumes that the project will certainly not be completed on time. (12) You may add a personal appeal to agree at the end: “Loris very efficient, dont you think?“ or “Option 2 is better, isnt it?“ You may also give people a choice bet
32、ween two options, both of which you would be happy with, rather than the choice of one option or not doing anything at all. Strictly speaking, the choice of “neither“ is still available when you ask “Which would you prefer, A or B?“, but most people will be caught up in deciding between your two pre
33、ferences. Note that leading questions tend to be closed. (13) Leading questions are good for getting the answer you want but leaving the other person feeling that they have had a choice. They are also good for closing a sale: “If that answers all of your questions, shall we agree on a price?“ (14) T
34、he fifth technique is rhetorical questions. Rhetorical questions arent really questions at all, in that they dont expect an answer. Theyre really just statements phrased in question form such as “Isnt Johns design work so creative?“ (15) People use rhetorical questions because they are engaging for
35、the listener as they are drawn into agreeing rather than feeling that they are being “told“ something like “John is a very creative designer.“ You have probably used all of these questioning techniques before in your everyday life, at work and at home. But by consciously applying the appropriate kin
36、d of questioning, you can gain the information, response or outcome that you want even more effectively. Try it next time you are talking with others. Thank you for listening. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 information 【试题解析】 根据句 (1)可知，问对问题可以提高交流技巧，能够收集更优质的信息，学到更多的知识，因此答案为 information。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 factua
37、l 【试题解析】 讲话者提到的第一个提问技巧是开放式问题和闭合式问题，根据句(2)可知，闭合式问题的特点是，通常会得到一个单词的回答或者很简短的事实性的回答。因此答案为 factual。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 conclude 【试题解析】 根据句 (3)可知，闭合式问题有助于检验你自己或者他人的理解，有助于结束一场讨论或者做出决定等，因此答案为 conclude。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 misplaced 【试题解析】 根据句 (4)可知，一个不合时宜的封闭性问题会结束会话，造成尴尬的沉默，所以当会话的人谈兴正浓时最好避免这样的问题。因此答案为misplace
38、d。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 feelings 【试题解析】 根据句 (5)可知，开放式问题的特点 是，询问回答问题者的知识、观点和感觉。因此答案为 feelings。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 details 【试题解析】 根据句 (6)可知，开放式问题有助于发现更多的细节。因此答案为details。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 point 【试题解析】 讲话者提到的第二个提问技巧是漏斗式问题。根据句 (7)可知，漏斗式问题的提问方法是先以大致的问题开始，然后集中于每个回答的一个点上，在每个层面上询问越来越多的细节。因此答案为 point。 【知识模块 】
39、 听力 8 【正确答案】 detectives 【试题解析】 根据句 (8)可知，漏斗式提问经常被侦探用来从目击者口中获取供述。因此答案为 detectives。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 confidence 【试题解析】 根据句 (9)可知，漏斗式问题有助于获得听者的兴趣或者提高他们的信心。因此答案为 confidence。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 probing 【试题解析】 根据句 (10)可知，讲话者提到的第三个提问技巧是探究性问题。因此答案为 probing。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 clarification 【试题解析】 根据句 (1
40、1)可知，探究性问题有助于弄清一些事，以确保你掌握整个事件，对这个事件完全了解，并且从那些不想向你透露某些信息的人那里获取信息。因此答案为 clarification。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 appeal 【试题解析】 讲话者提到的第四个提问技巧是引导式问题。引导式问题有几种提问的方式。根据句 (12)可知，引导式问题的方式之一是你可以在最后添加 个人呼吁来寻求赞同。因此答案为 appeal。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 expected answer 【试题解析】 根据句 (13)可知，引导式问题可以使你得到想要的回答，又不会使其他人觉得没有选择，故答案为 ex
41、pected answer。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 rhetorical 【试题解析】 根据句 (14)可知，讲话者提到的第五个提问技巧是反问，因此答案为 rhetorical。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 engaging 【试题解析】 根据句 (15)可知，人们使用反问是因为，当昕者感觉是在同意说话者的观点，而不是直接被告知一个事实时，他们是有吸引力的，因此反问有利于吸引听者，答案为 engaging。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The
42、interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C an
43、d D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. 16 【听力原文】 W: George, long time no see. What have you been up to lately? M: No good. I can assure you. (1-1) My homework for my biology class is killing me. W: (1-2) What is it about
44、? Maybe I can offer you a hand. M: I am thrilled to hear that. Well, it is about a presentation on my favorite pet. It seems quite easy but you know I am not a fan of any pet. W: Um, I happened to read a book about dogs and I made some notes in my notebook. Give me a minute to find it. M: (2) But do
45、esnt it sound a bit cliche? You know, after all, dogs seem to be the best companion for human beings for thousands of years. W: That is true, but this book seems to have some new findings about our beloved companion. M: OK. Give me some details of that please. And by the way, what is the books name?
46、 W: Dog Sense: How the New Science of Dog Behavior Can Make You a Better Friend to Your Pet. M: That is a pretty long name but it sounds appealing. W: Yes. The whole book takes a very different angle to study dogs. M: How does the book begin? Maybe I could borrow some ideas from it to build the intr
47、oduction of my presentation. W: (3) Well, it begins with pointing out that the relationship between people and dogs is unique. M: Are you sure? I thought we had a pretty common relationship with dogs. I mean it seems that they are a natural part of our lives. W: I agree with you but the author think
48、s that among domesticated animals, (4) only dogs are capable of performing such a wide variety of roles for humans; herding sheep, sniffing out drugs or explosives and being our beloved companions. M: I get you. But when did that friendship begin? W: (5) The author says it is hard to be precise abou
49、t when the friendship began, but a reasonable guess is that it has been going strong for more than 20,000 years. M: Any hard evidence for that guess? W: Er, in the Chauvet cave in the Ardeche region of France, which contains the earliest known cave paintings, there is a 50-metre trail of footprints made by a boy of about ten alongside those of a large canid t
