1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 48及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lectu
2、re. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Cultural Differences between East and West I. Factors leading to the cultural differences A. Different
3、 culture【 B1】 _【 B1】 _ Eastern culture: a)China: Yellow River b)India: Hindu River European culture: a)Base: Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome b)European culture crossed over the【 B2】 _【 B2】 _ B. Different language systems Eastern: mostly belonging to pictographic language Western: mostly based on the
4、 Latin system C. Other factors: different【 B3】 _【 B3】 _ infrequent communication between the East and West a)far distance and the steep area b)no【 B4】 _ from each other【 B4】 _ II. Different behavior in peoples daily life A.【 B5】 _【 B5】 _ the Chinese greeting: a)questions about whether you have your
5、meal or not b)questions about where you are going c)two gentlemen greet with【 B6】 _【 B6】 _ the Western greeting: a)with a smile or with a “Hi“ b)shaking hands only in formal situations B. Expressing gratitude the Eastern way: a)rarely say “Thank you“, otherwise, youre【 B7】 _【 B7】 _ b)an exception: t
6、he Japanese culture the Western way: a)thank you is the most【 B8】 _ phrases【 B8】 _ III. How to handle culture gap A. No【 B9】 _ any of the cultures【 B9】 _ every nation has its own characteristics we should pay equal respect for each culture B. Learning how to coordinate different cultures by avoiding
7、【 B10】 _【 B10】 _ C. Starting to communicate by taking in strong points from the foreign cultures 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the
8、questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Which of the following is NOT Veras tip for finding a new job? （ A） Narrow down the scope of sea
9、rch. （ B） Decide what you value the most. （ C） Do some soul searching. （ D） Make your resume distinctive. 12 Which of the following best describes the prospect of the job market this year? （ A） Neither good nor bad. （ B） Bright. （ C） Disappointing. （ D） Gloomy. 13 What can be inferred about job hunt
10、ing? （ A） People who are well paid dont need to change jobs. （ B） People have the same motivation for changing jobs. （ C） Finding a new job is seldom on peoples New Year resolution. （ D） Workers are in greater demand in January than in December. 14 Which of the following is NOT advised as a way to m
11、ake your resume stand out? （ A） To provide concrete evidence. （ B） To keep it brief and relevant. （ C） To use highlights and italics in format. （ D） To customize it for different employers. 15 Which of the following is CORRECT about employment this year? （ A） 3/4 of American workers are potential ap
12、plicants. （ B） 1.3 million jobs were created last year. （ C） 40 percent of companies will take on part-time staff. （ D） The service sector does not contribute to job creation. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer th
13、e questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 The United States decided to take measures to ensure the security of its embassies when （ A） at least 150 American embassies were found not to meet its security standards. （ B） the AP News
14、 Agency reported the security standards of its foreign embassies. （ C） its embassies in Kenya and Tanzania were assailed 10 years ago. （ D） at least 4 billion dollars were found missing in its embassy in Kenya. 17 Which manufacturers sales dropped the most in percentage in June? （ A） Chrysler, （ B）
15、Daimler Chrysler. （ C） General Motors. （ D） Ford. 18 The vehicle sales were greatly cut down because （ A） the car manufacturers were concerned about the American economy. （ B） the markets performance was found to be the worst in 50 years. （ C） the prices of fuel rose to a level which was last seen i
16、n the 1950s. （ D） the fuel prices were so high and the economy was facing a depression. 19 What is the main idea of the news item? （ A） The new broadened mediation effort is favored by Robert Mugabe. （ B） The mediations will be continued by Thabo Mbeki under supervision. （ C） Mr. Mbeki is faced with
17、 a lot of international pressure for being biased. （ D） Mr. Mbekis role as a mediator is replaced by the United Nations. 20 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the news item? （ A） Raila Odinga is among those who are against the re-election of Robert Mugabe. （ B） At the summit,
18、 Mugabes fellow African leaders protested against his re-election. （ C） Italy and the United States are both exerting diplomatic pressure on Zimbabwe. （ D） Raila Odinga thought the running of the present government of Zimbabwe is illegal. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 48答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In
19、this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to
20、 check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Cultural Differences between East and West Good morning, everyone. Today Id like to share with you one interesting topic, that is: cultural differences betwe
21、en East and West. But before we start, we have to look at an important question: What leads to the cultural differences? The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole. The origin of the Eastern cul
22、tures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are gestated by rivers. In China, the mother river is the Yellow River while the Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were developed for several thousand years and formed their own styles. Then in the Tang Dyn
23、asty of China, the Chinese culture gradually went o-verseas to Japan, mixed into the Japanese society and shaped the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it belongs to the same system. When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous cul
24、ture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known as the base of European culture. Like the Chinese culture, the European one also crossed waters. Wh
25、en the colonists of England settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesnt distinguish from the European one a lot. At the same time, the difference of the language systems adds to the cultural differences. In the East, most languages be
26、long to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system, for example, the one Im using to write this paper. Other factors like human race difference count as well. But whats more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West, th
27、e two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference from the other. Now, Id like to discuss with you another question, that is: how differently do people behave in daily life? The differences are everywhere. They affect peop
28、les ways of thinking and their views of the world. Even in everyday life, the cultural differences show up from the moment the eyes are opened to the minute the dreams are invited. In the following, Ill give some typical examples of the differences. First example: greeting. Greeting is the first ste
29、p to form a culture, because people begin to communicate with others. The individuals become a community. How do we Chinese greet each other? Informally, if we meet a friend in the street, we are used to saying: “Hi, have you had your meal?“ or “Where are you going?“ When it is the case of two gentl
30、emen, they tend to shake hands. However, in western countries, the above questions are just questions, not greetings at all. They may think youre inviting them to dinner if you ask about their meals. Usually, theyll just give each other a smile or greet with a “Hi.“ Theyll shake hands only in some f
31、ormal situations. By the way, Westerners can leave a party or meeting hall without a formal conge, nor should they shake hands with every attendee like most of us will do here. Second example: expressing gratitude. Think of the situations below. Your mother is busy in the kitchen. She suddenly asks
32、you to fetch a bowl for her. You do so. WhatU your mothers response be? Probably shell just continue doing the cooking. After a while, the dinner is ready. Your mother hands you your bowl of rice. Whats your response? Probably just begin to eat. Thats what I want to say. In Chinese families, we rare
33、ly say “Thank you“ to other family members for receiving help or service. Neither will we say so between good friends. Its such an unpopular response that if you say it, the counterpart will think you are treating him as a stranger, otherwise you are lacking intimacy. But in the West, “thank you“ is
34、 one of the most frequently used sentences. Teachers will thank a student for answering the question; husbands will thank his wife for making a coffee. However, as an interesting phenomenon, its a custom to say “thank you“ in Japan. No matter in family or among friends, Japanese chronically use it a
35、ll day. This is probably the aberrance of the culture. After the above discussions, now there is another question, that is: what can we do to treat the culture gap? Now we have seen that there exists such a huge gap between eastern culture and western one. Then what should we do to face this gap in
36、the gradually globalizing world? Firstly, we cannot deny any of the cultures. Every nation has its own characteristics and its mainly through its culture that we first begin to know the nation and its characteristics. So we cannot say that this culture or custom is right and that is wrong. Equal res
37、pect should be attached to every culture in the world, even to those that are not in existence any more. Next, we should get to learn how to coordinate the different cultures. We say the world is becoming smaller and smaller. More foreigners come and go everyday. When it is in the same country, the
38、same city, the same neighborhood, the cultural collision is expected to be more serious. So we should try to avoid this happening. One important thing is to get some basic knowledge about the other cultures so as not to misunderstand some actions or habits of the foreigners. When the above two are d
39、one, we can start to communicate. I mean we can take in some strong points from the foreign cultures. Though there doesnt exist correctness in terms of culture, it does have the terms of more advanced or more suitable for the world nowadays. Of course, we cannot throw away our own culture and accept
40、 another one totally. Every culture is a treasure to the history of the Earth, so we should only pick out those we lack to perfect our own. To conclude what we have discussed today: first we have provided you with the underlying reasons of cultural differences, after mat, we have presented you with
41、several specific examples to further prove this. Finally we have explained the differences from several perspectives. Last but not least, we should remember that different cultures add the most colorful element to the world of the 21st century. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle to the civi
42、lization of human beings. It ought to be the motivation of going farther. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 origins sources 【试题解析】 录音开篇就可知道讲座的主题是东西方文化差异。原文说，东方文化主要起源于两个国家：中国和印度。因此答案为 origins，或其近义词 sources。根据题干可知，此处是解释导致文化差异的原因。录音中没有现成答案，此时需要经过推测得出。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 Atlantic Ocean 【试题解析】 在提到欧洲文明的源头时，原文说欧洲文明是跨越大西洋
43、传播出去的。因此答案为 Atlantic Ocean。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 human race 【试题解析】 讲座紧接着提到了造成东西方文化差异的其他原因，第一点就是“人种 ”，因此要填入 human race。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 interference interposition intervention 【试题解析】 本题从内容上说与上一题属于并列结构，讲的都是造成东西方文化差异的 other factors，本题讲的是第二点： seldom communication(交流贫乏 )。录音提到， (它们的 )发展完全自成体系，几乎不相互影响 。因此
44、答案为interference，或其同义词 interposition或 intervention。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 Greeting 【试题解析】 紧接着讲座讲到了第二大点：东西方文化差异的具体表现，并分别举出两个具体例子进行论证。其中第一个例子讲的是东西方不同的问候方式，因此答案应为 Greeting。若此处笔记没有记录，根据空白处下面的 A大点中两个小标题 the Chinese greeting以及 the Western greeting可推测出，空白处需要填入Greeting。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 hands-shaking 【试题解析】 本
45、题属于 greeting下的内容，说的是 two gentlemen的问候方式是握手。可知应填入 handsshaking。如果没有笔记，可从下旬 western greeting(西方问候方式 )中第二点 shake hands only in formal situations推测出答案为 handsshaking。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 lacking intimacy 【试题解析】 讲座紧接着说到东西方文化差异的第二点表现，即 expressing gratitude(致谢方式的不同 )，其中在说到东方致谢方式时，录音中提到极少使用thank you，否则会让人觉得 y
46、ou are lacking intimacy(你太见外了。因此应填人lacking intimacy。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 frequently used 【试题解析】 本题讲的是西方致谢方式，录音提到，在西方 thank you是最常见的表达。因此应填入 frequentlyused。若此处笔记没有记录，根据与 Western way相对应的 Eastern way中所说 rarely say thank you可知，西方方式必定与之相反，或由常识即可推知。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 denying 【试题解析】 讲座在讲述如何面对文化差异时提到了 3个策略，
47、第一点即为我们不能否定任何一种文化。因此应填人 deny的动名词形式 denying。由空白处之前的 no可知，此处应为动名词，结合题目可知答案为 denying。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答 案】 cultural collision 【试题解析】 在讲到如何面对文化差异的第二点时，讲座提到文化冲突可能会很严重，仅凭这一句似乎还不能确定答案，再结合之后的 So we should try to avoid this happening,可知这里的 this指的正是 culturalcollision，因此需要避免的也正是cultural collision，故答案为 cultural
48、 collision。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following f
49、ive questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 【听力原文】 M: If you look at any list of New Years resolutions you wouldnt be surprised to see find a better job right at the top. Vera Gibbons of Kiplingers Personal Finance magazine is here with some tips to help you get a better job or maybe take on a career change. Good morning, Vera. W: Thats right, good morning, nice to see you. M: Nice to see you too. Happy new
