1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 79及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lectu
2、re. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Structure of the Canadian Government I . Introduction A. Canadian government system being thought to i
3、mitate British system Canadas government system being often called【 B1】 _democracy【 B1】_ Canada having much in common with other colonies B. Differences coexisting with similarities between Canadian and British systems because Canada being a huge but【 B2】 _country【 B2】 _ II. Official head The Queen
4、being the official head who is represented by a【 B3】 _【 B3】_ Both being only【 B4】 _leaders【 B4】 _ III. System of Government Canada being a federation with each province and territory having much power 【 B5】 _being the government for the whole nation【 B5】 _ a combination of federalism with a British
5、system British system being preferred to American system mainly because the latter being considered【 B6】 _【 B6】 _ IV. Parliament A. Two parts: a lower house: the House of Commons an upper house: Senate B. MPs represent particular electoral districts C. Electoral districts being determined by its pop
6、ulation instead of【 B7】 _【 B7】 _ disadvantage: a(n)【 B8】 _existing between densely-populated【 B8】 _ provinces and sparsely-settled regions D. The Prime Minister the most important person in Canadian government the leader of the【 B9】 _in the parliament【 B9】 _ choosing the Cabinet, whose members are r
7、esponsible for different areas E. The Senate being appointed by the Governor General sharing more similarity with the【 B10】 _in the UK【 B10】 _ Senators more equally being chosen from each region 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7 【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Dir
8、ections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 1
9、1 Food can affect people in all of the following aspects EXCEPT_. （ A） mood and feeling （ B） stress coping ability （ C） way of thinking （ D） depth of thinking 12 Which of the following foods can both make people happy and release stress? （ A） Potatoes, cereals and fish. （ B） Fruits and vegetables. （
10、 C） Milk and dairy products. （ D） Crunchy foods. 13 Which of the following foods can NOT help with stress? （ A） Foods with healthy fat. （ B） Dairy products. （ C） Alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. （ D） Foods rich in protein and vitamin B6. 14 Which of the following can be the first choice in making
11、 us energetic? （ A） Liquid like water. （ B） Eggs and soy. （ C） Chocolate. （ D） Coffee and tea. 15 Which of the following statements is CORRECT? （ A） Fish has no fat and is full of vitamin A. （ B） Lean beef contains both protein and vitamin B12. （ C） Peanut butter contains healthy fat. （ D） Tea helps
12、 export poisonous substance from the brain. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 How many estimated r
13、efugees have fled to eastern Sudan? （ A） 30,000. （ B） 80,000. （ C） 50,000. （ D） 110,000. 17 Whats the attitude of the US toward the Sudans work permits issue? （ A） Supportive. （ B） Opponent. （ C） Careless. （ D） Neutral. 18 What does the news item mainly talk about? （ A） The Curiosity rover finally g
14、ot on Mars after eight months cruising. （ B） NASA launched a new spaceship the Curiosity rover. （ C） Astronauts getting on Mars would develop cancer due to radiation. （ D） Astronauts can be protected from the radiation by lots of methods. 19 The Pension Reform Bill was passed in the National Assembl
15、y with_votes vantage. （ A） 100 （ B） 103 （ C） 233 （ D） 336 20 It can be inferred from the news item that The Pension Reformed Bill_. （ A） was passed smoothly （ B） was passed in the end （ C） hasnt been admitted constitutionally yet （ D） only received opposition from the Left Opposition 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷
16、79答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lec
17、ture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Structure of Canadian Government Good afternoon, everyone. Today well be continuing our discussion of the Canad
18、ian government, with the focus on its structure.(1)As a former British colony, Canadas system of government was based on the British system of parliamentary democracy. This is often referred to as “Westminster-style“ democracy, named after the British House of Commons. Like other colonies like New Z
19、ealand and Australia, many Canadian laws, political practices and customs were brought from the “ Old Country“ and adapted to the different conditions of the new country. At first glance, the similarity between British and Canadian political conditions are great:(2)but when we look more closely, we
20、can see important differences which have arisen from the experience of governing a huge but sparsely populated country. Well divide our discussion into three parts: the official head, the Canadian system of government and the Canadian parliament. Now, first, the official head of Canada. Like Britain
21、, Canada is a monarchy. The official head of state is the Queen, who is also the Queen of Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand and other former British colonies. The Queen is Canadas queen in her own right: if, for example, Britain decided to become a republic, the Queen would still be the Queen of
22、 Canada.(3)Because she does not live in Canada, she is represented by an official called a Governor General. When heads of state visit Canada, they will first be greeted by the Governor General, before being welcomed by the Prime Minister. (4)Both the Queen and the Governor General occupy roles whic
23、h are largely ceremonial. Most Canadians would be unable to tell you the name of the current Governor General, or identify him or her in a picture. And while the Queen and her family are regarded with affection by most Canadians, the monarchy as such bears little relevance to the governing of modern
24、 Canada. We see that Canada and Britain have the same official head of state. Then, what is special about the Canadian government as compared against the British government? This brings us to the second part of our discussion, the system of government. The biggest difference between Canada and the U
25、K is that Canada is a federation that is, it has ten provinces and two territories, each with their own government, which have joined to form one country.(5)The government of the whole country is referred to as the “federal government“ , to distinguish it from the lower level governments of each pro
26、vince. These provinces all have a great deal of power in relation to the federal government. Canada was the first political community to combine federalism with a British system of government, a model which was later applied to other areas in the British Commonwealth, notably in Australia, Malaysia,
27、 Nigeria and India large countries with powerful regional and ethnic divisions. Canadas founding fathers of Confederation, who, between 1864 and 1867, had to decide what sort of government the new country was to have, chose the British model of government over the model being enacted in the United S
28、tates. The American system was characterized by “checks and balances“ on political power. In Contrast,the founding fathers preferred the British system because they wanted a strong central government.(6)The British model offered “strength,order and authority“ , which they thought was preferable to t
29、he weakness of the American system. In the American system, the President and the Congress frequently battle over policy. Finally, well talk about the Canadian Parliament. The Canadian Parliament is divided into a lower house, the House of Commons, and an upper house called the Senate. Canadians vot
30、e in elections for people they want to represent them in the House of Commons. These Members of Parliament(MPs)each fill a “seat“ in the House of Commons, which represents a particular electoral district. (7)Electoral districts are based on population rather than geographic size, so there are more M
31、Ps from urban areas and very few from the sparsely settled, wilder regions of Canadas. The House of Commons contains about three hundred seats.(8)Because most of the Canadian population is concentrated in Ontario and Quebec, these two provinces have the most seats, and therefore the most power in th
32、e House of Commons. This has caused a lot of trouble because the provinces with smaller populations feel they are not adequately listened to by “Central Canada“. For example, in the 1997 election, because of its large population, Ontario elected one hundred and three MPs, whereas the prairie provinc
33、es of Saskatchewan and Manitoba each only had fourteen MPs. As is the case in Britain, MPs generally all belong to political parties.(9)The party that wins the most seats forms the government: the party leader becomes Prime Minister, and so, like in the UK, the most important person in Canadian gove
34、rnment is the Prime Minister. The Cabinet, chosen by the Prime Minister, consists of senior MPs from the governing party. They are usually given particular areas of responsibility, like external affairs, multiculturalism, or health and education. The Senate, the upper house, is not elected. It is ap
35、pointed by the Governor General, who acts on the recommendation of the Prime Minister.(10)The Senate is not like the US Senate, but analogous to the House of Lords in the UK, although the Lords can earn their seat by right of birth as well as by being appointed. To balance the fact that the Commons
36、is dominated by MPs from populous Ontario and Quebec, senators are, by tradition, picked to represent the regions more equally. Well, today we have covered the structure of the Canadian Government in terms of three aspects: the official head, the Canadian system of government and the Canadian parlia
37、ment. You are expected to read the recommended material after class. Next weeks lecture will be focused on Canadian Prime Ministers. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 Westminster-style 【试题解析】 本题设题点在定义概念处。根据句 (1)可知，加拿大的政府体系是基于英国议会制民主政府而建立的，因此常被称为 “威斯敏斯特式 ”的民主政府，故答 案为 Westminster-style，注意首字母大写。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 sp
38、arsely populated 【试题解析】 本题设题点在转折处。根据句 (2)可知，加拿大地域广阔，人口相对稀少，这使得加拿大的政治体系在仿效英国体系的同时，与英国存在很大差别，故答案为 sparsely populated。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 Governor General 【试题解析】 本题设题点在原因解释处。根据句 (3)可知，女王不在加拿大居住，由总 督代表，故答案为 Governor General。这里要注意作为专有名词，两个单词的首字母都需要大写。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 ceremonial 【试题解析】 本题设题点在定语从句处。根据句
39、(4)可知，女王和总督都只是行使礼仪方面的职能，故答案为 ceremonial。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 federal government 【试题解析】 本题设题点在定义概念处。根据句 (5)可知，为了与各个省级政府区别开来，国家政府被称为 “联邦政府 ”，故答 案为 federal government。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 weak 【试题解析】 本题设题点在定语从句处。根据句 (6)可知，加拿大政府的奠基者认为英国的政治体系比美国的更可取，因为后者太过软弱，缺乏权威，故答案为weak。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 geographic siz
40、e 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (7)可知，选区是由人口而不是由面积来决定，故答案为 geographic size。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正 确答案】 imbalance inequality 【试题解析】 本题设题点在原因解释处。根据句 (8)可知，选区视人口多少而定的政策使得人口密度较大的安大略省和魁北克省占据了众议院的多数席位，而人口较少的省份觉得加拿大高层对它们不够重视，所以可概括为 imbalance或者inequality。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 dominant party 【试题解析】 本题考查重要细节。根据句 (9)可知，占据议会席位最多的
41、党派就组建成政府，而其领导人就成为总理，故答案为 dominant party。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 House of Lords 【试题解析】 本题设题点在转折处。根据句 (10)可知，加拿大参议院不同于美国的参议院，而是与英国的上议院类似，故答案为 House of Lords，注意 H和 L都要大写。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the ques
42、tions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 【听力原文】 Kim Bold(M)Susan Kleiner(W) M: Finding comfort in food. Eating the right dishes can lift our
43、spirits and swallow up stress. Well, here with more on how food affects our mood is Doctor Susan Kleiner, a nutritionist, and the author of the Good Mood Diet. Susan, good morning. W: Good morning, Kim Bold. M: So Im very curious about this. Are there foods that actually have happy chemicals in them
44、? W: Oh, absolutely.(1)You know, how we feel, how we cope with stress, how we think, how clearly we think are all directly affected by the foods that we eat. M: OK. We actually went out and asked people what foods they ate in order to make themselves happy. And they said that some kinds of food do m
45、ake them happy, such as chocolate, Pizza, Thai food and etc. As for me, Pizza would be my happy food. But those arent the foods that actually make you happy. Right? W: Well, it could be. You know, both of those are part of it. But there are foods that really directly affect our brain with certain ch
46、emicals. Fish is really a big happy food. Its got protein in brain, and(5 - 1)it is free of fats and full of vitamin D. All of those help raise our neural chemistry and that makes us fed happy. Potatoes, cereals, great carps actually get the protein into the brain. Fruits and vegetables,(2 - 1)milk
47、and dairy products, all are great for raising mood. And crunchy foods, like popcorn, are fabulous for making us feel happy. M: Why is it so? W: The actual chewing mechanism raises neurotransmitter levels in the brain. So combining all these together creates wonderful combinations. For instance, pota
48、toes with chili on top even. Those are great combinations. M: OK. Then you got a very happy dinner, right? W: Yes. M: OK. Lets talk about stressed-out food or foods that you do tend to eat when youre stressed. People interviewed said that they might prefer anything salty, or a piece of chocolate, or
49、 even some kind of drinks. Well, as far as you are concerned, what are the real stress busters? W: Well.(3 - 1)Healthy fats, believe it or not, are great for coping with stress, such as nuts, seeds, olive, olive oil and etc.(5-2)A great stress buster: peanuts and peanut butter. M: Yes. W:(2-2)(3-2)And then again, dairy foods are great. They help reduce stress and decrease anxiety and anger. And so agai
