1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 89及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 The Purpose of Literary Analysis I . Introduction making readers appreciate【 T1】 of literary works【 T1】 _ relating literature t
3、o both readers own life and general【 T2】【 T2】 _ II. Purpose of literary analysis A. Discovering the authors basic premises: comprehending the authors basic intellectual premises and fundamental【 T3】【 T3】 _ 1)ways to guarantee successful【 T4】 by the author【 T4】 _ offering an explicit【 T5】 of his conv
4、ictions【 T5】 _ giving descriptions and【 T6】【 T6】 _ 2)deriving abstract premises by analyzing【 T7】【 T7】 _ B. Attaining【 T8】 from the literary work【 T8】 _ 1)gaining positive or negative【 T9】 into readers【 T9】 _ own life 2)a process of【 T10】 discrimination【 T10】 _ C. A relevance to universal human cond
5、ition or widespread human endeavor in an implicit or【 T11】 way【 T11】 _ 1)【 T12】 : George Orwells 1984【 T12】 _ 2)what readers do: recognizing general human condition on the basis of 【 T13】【 T13】 _ gaining a comprehensive understanding of the theme even if they【 T14】【 T14】 _ III. Conclusion Literary a
6、nalysis is a(n)【 T15】 approach that【 T15】 _ offers readers answers or solutions to their questions and dilemmas. 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE i
7、nterview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices o
8、f A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） He is a psychologist. （ B） He is a financial advisor. （ C） He is a psychiatrist. （ D） He is a best-selling author. （ A） Dollars and cents. （ B） Freedom. （ C） Oppo
9、rtunities. （ D） Security. （ A） 50%. （ B） 75%. （ C） 80%. （ D） 85%. （ A） To pay yourself first. （ B） To save one hour a day of your income. （ C） To spend less money. （ D） To avoid getting into debt. （ A） People in survival level. （ B） The middle class. （ C） The high-income earners. （ D） The billionair
10、es. （ A） It doesnt necessarily bring happiness to people. （ B） Many people suppose that the millionaires are very happy. （ C） The more money you earn, the happier you will be. （ D） It brings comparatively more happiness to the low income class. （ A） The teacher. （ B） The social worker. （ C） The fire
11、fighter. （ D） The manager. （ A） Indifferent. （ B） Critical. （ C） Supportive. （ D） Oppositive. （ A） Having someone who loves you. （ B） Being healthy mentally and psychologically. （ C） Having a successful marriage. （ D） Having filial children. （ A） Can money really bring happiness? （ B） How can people
12、 become millionaires? （ C） Why do rich people still feel unhappy? （ D） What can make you the happiest? 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 89答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-fi
13、lling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 The Purpose of Lit
14、erary Analysis Good morning, everyone. Today Id like to talk about literary analysis, and specifically, its purpose. We all know that for the millennia during which literature has existed, scholars, intellectuals, and lay people have unceasingly engaged in the act of analyzing it. Whatever the varie
15、ty of analytical approaches to literature might be, literary analysis is in itself a universal necessity when approaching a text, and cannot be escaped on some level.(1)Literary analysis enables readers to fully grasp the core abstractions which an author has bestowed upon his work.(2)Furthermore, i
16、t is indispensable in rendering the literature relevant, both to the individuals own life and to an understanding of the universal human condition. (3)When any author creates a work of literature, he does so starting with a set of basic intellectual premises, foundational assumptions that permeate t
17、he entirety of his work. The author has chosen to create a work of literature as a vehicle for transmitting those premises to his readers. On their own, as floating abstractions detached from the empirical observation and the detailed logical reasoning, the authors premises cannot be readily communi
18、cated to a reader who does not grasp them already.(4)An author who holds individualism as a basic premise, for example, will find difficulty in communicating it by simply stating, “I believe in individualism.“(5)If, however, he offers a lucid analysis of the superiority of individualism over the alt
19、ernatives, which is filled with realistic examples of why this is so, then his convictions become far more persuasive. Better yet, he might write a story, a series of rationally structured fictional events, which a reader could approach as if it were a concrete experience. All knowledge, at its root
20、, is derived from sensory experience and observation.(6)Thus, a work of literature, by recreating an environment of observation through the events and descriptions within it, aims to allow the reader to tap into the source of the premises the author seeks to communicate. Thereby, the reader is given
21、 the foundation from which to proceed in understanding and identifying with the authors abstract ideas. When the reader sees a literary text before him, the author has already done the work of translating his guiding premises into a concrete presentation. The task of the reader, then, becomes to fat
22、hom the concrete presentation in such a manner as to derive the abstract premises from it, thereby participating in an act of intellectual discovery which the author has facilitated for him. All literary analysis is, in essence, such a process of discovery.(7)It aims toward an understanding of the a
23、uthors guiding abstractions by identifying literary concretes: the characters, events, descriptions, dialogues, and stated ideas of a narrative, and discerning their relevance to the work as a whole and its central themes. Whereas, in writing a work of literature, the author begins at the abstract l
24、evel and, from it, crafts the concretes of his narrative, the reader must begin at the concrete level and reach the level of abstraction via literary analysis. Furthermore, a work of literary merit must offer an insight, principle, or example valuable to the individual reader.(8)Aside from discoveri
25、ng the authors intentions and guiding principles in writing a work, the reader must inquire of himself, “ What benefits to my own life and understanding might I extract from this text?“(9)The insights the reader might seek to derive through literary analysis can be positive or negative. A text can o
26、ffer models to emulate, or examples of what not to apply to ones own life. The reader can even disagree with the authors worldview or ideas of desirable conduct and, through literary analysis, discover the root of his divergence from the author. In this respect, the undertaking of literary analysis
27、is necessarily didactic, even if the author did not create his text with a didactic purpose.(10)Literary analysis is a process of cognitive discrimination, in that the reader must be selective in what he does and does not derive from the authors premises. In analyzing a text, the reader interacts wi
28、th these premises by filtering them through his own. Aside from individual relevance, a worthy work of literature has a universal relevance, either to an aspect at the core of the general human condition, or at the root of some widespread field of human endeavor.(11)The author, as a human being, ent
29、ers the writing process with certain assumptions, implicit or explicit, regarding a set of universal human themes, including the nature of life, consciousness, volition, and human action, the meaning and possibility of success and happiness, and the status of the individual himself. In addition, the
30、 author might hold a set of views which are more narrowly targeted, but still potentially relevant to a wide variety of human beings.(12)While the conflict between the individual and the almighty totalitarian state in George Orwells 1984, for example, is not a historical universal, Orwell used it to
31、 arrive at an understanding of the meaning of a universal human concept, freedom. He then used this understanding to analyze, through the eyes of Winston Smith, the manner in which a totalitarian state necessarily robs an individual of his freedom and, by implication, his very humanity.(13)The task
32、of the reader in conducting literary analysis becomes to discover the pathway by which the specifics of a given literary presentation can arrive at truths which are relevant to humans in general. The truths thus discovered will transcend the accidents of time, culture, history, and geographical loca
33、tion.(14)Furthermore, such a comprehensive universal understanding is valuable irrespective of the readers agreement with the authors approach to the human condition. If the reader is of a different opinion, he can simply use his knowledge of the authors worldview to pinpoint where and how he disagr
34、ees with it. Thus, the reader, through literary analysis, will still attain his own positive understanding of the essential and inescapable issues pertaining to man. Therefore, we can see there are mainly three purposes of literary analysis: to discover the authors basic premises, to attain individu
35、al value from the literary work, and to derive from it knowledge concerning the universal human condition.(15)Literary analysis, like any other systematic approach to things, offers the demystification of ideas and of reality. Instead of being perpetually confined by a set of irresolvable questions
36、and dilemmas, man can obtain the answers through literary analysis, by means of a deliberate, targeted, rational treatment of the text. Today Ive talked about the purpose of literary analysis. I hope my lecture can help you better appreciate literature. Thats it for today. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 core ab
37、stractions 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 human condition 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 assumptions 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 communication 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 analysis 【 知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 events 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 literary concretes 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 individual value 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 insights 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 cognitive 【知识
38、模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 explicit 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 example 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 specifics 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 disagree 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 systematic 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five quest
39、ions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have
40、 THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. 16 【听力原文】 Maggie(W)David Bach(M) Now, listen to Part One of the interview. W: Many people dream of making it big, buying a bigger house, designer clothes and a nicer car, but with a record number of millionaires now living right here in the United States, an
41、 age-old question is now front and center can money really buy happiness?(1)Best-selling author David Bach is a psychiatrist and a money advisor on CNBCs The Millionaire Inside. Going from rags to riches, he says he found happiness but it wasnt just about dollars and cents. Morning, David. M: Good m
42、orning, Maggie. W: What do you think that makes people happy then, if they have no money? M: (2)Well, I think what most Americans really want is freedom.(3)We are in the land of the free, but when three out of four people are living paycheck to paycheck, they dont feel free.(4)So I think there are a
43、 lot of opportunities for the average American to become what I call an automatic millionaire?, which means paying yourself first, saving one hour a day of your income and spending less. W: Do you mean that the people having different levels of life all have the same feeling? M: Absolutely. You may
44、have different levels of life.(5)You have the survival level, or someone really is living paycheck to paycheck. Then you have security, where someone as you might basically need to cover. Maybe theyve got six months to a year with the expenses put aside. Once you get passed a year of expenses, youll
45、 start to become free. W: You also say that happiness is not as simple as making more money. M: Yes. The more money you have, the more you need to spend anyway. People dont know how to keep their money. And people dont know how to spend it wisely. This is the end of Part One of the interview. Questi
46、ons 1 to 5 are based on what you have just heard. 1. Which of the following is INCORRECT about David Bach? 2. What do most Americans want according to David Bach? 3. What percentage of people in the US are living under the pressure of money? 4. Which of the following is NOT the way for average Ameri
47、cans to become automatic millionaires? 5. What kind of people is living paycheck to paycheck? 16 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 听力 17 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 听力 18 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 听力 19 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 听力 20 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 听力 21 【听力原文】 Now, listen to Part Two of the interview. W: We spend so much time in our lives trying
48、 to make money. We must believe its going to bring us happiness. But the research you have ever done about it is kind of mixed, isnt it? M: Well, the research is mixed.(6- 1)And I think part of the reason for that is that people acknowledge in their souls, if not in their wallets, that it wont make
49、them happy. Most people dont marry for money: most people dont pursue careers simply for the money. There are a lot of teachers in America, who wont trade their jobs for a sales job to make more. So we vote with our feet, in essence. W: But the problem is we see all these people out there today, with the yachts, with the boats, all of these, the planes, the big houses.(6-2)And we think we want that too. They look happy, they have all t
