[外语类试卷]专业英语八级(改错)模拟试卷278及答案与解析.doc
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1、专业英语八级(改错)模拟试卷 278及答案与解析 一、 PART III LANGUAGE USAGE 0 Those of us involved in the internationalization of higher education rely on a series of assumptions that are often not supported by data or evidence. For instance, we believe that internationalization is not only positive but also very relevant
2、as a key component of the changing landscape of higher education. When asking about why internationalization is important, we are【 S1】 _ prepared to recite a list of their benefits for the students, the【 S2】 _ faculty, the institution, and the society in generally. Well, if we【 S3】 _ dont defend our
3、 jobs well, who will do it? We assume that internationalization is good, but we often lack any data to support our assumptions. Also, we dont think too much about the fact that there are different rationales so as to why, how, and for which【 S4】 _ purposes an institution or, for that matter, a whole
4、 region, wants to engage in an internationalization effort. At most, thats what new【 S5】 _ data from the International Association of Universities(IAU) shows. Basing on the principle that “it depends, and context matters【 S6】 _ more than ever,“ it is especially interesting to take a look at the thir
5、d Global Survey Report in Internationalization of Higher【 S7】 _ Education. This comprehensive survey is the largest of its kind worldwide, and includes responses from 745 institutions in 115 countries. For purpose of analysis, the results were clustered in the【 S8】 _ following regions: Africa, Asia-
6、Pacific, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, Middle East, and North America. Even though the survey is on its third edition, it still has limitations which unfortunately is acknowledged and explained in the document.【 S9】 _ Nevertheless, it provides useful hints about trends in international ed
7、ucation not only on a worldwide basis but also region.【 S10】 _ 1 【 S1】 2 【 S2】 3 【 S3】 4 【 S4】 5 【 S5】 6 【 S6】 7 【 S7】 8 【 S8】 9 【 S9】 10 【 S10】 10 Language is not merely something that is spread out in space, as it was a series of reflections in individual minds of one and the【 S1】 _ same timeless
8、picture. Language moves down time in a current of its own making. It has a drift. If there were no breaking up for a【 S2】 _ language into dialects, and if each language continued a firm, self-【 S3】 _ contained unity, it would still be constantly moving away from any assignable norm, developing new f
9、eatures unceasingly and gradually transforming it into a language so different from its starting point as【 S4】 _ to be in effect a new language. Now dialects arise not because of the mere fact of individual variation but because two or more groups of individuals have become sufficiently disconnected
10、 to drift apart, or independently, instead of together. So long as they keep strict【 S5】 _ together, no amount of individual variation would lead to the formation of dialects. In a practice, of course, no language can be【 S6】 _ spread over a vast territory and even over a considerable area without【
11、S7】 _ showing dialectic variations, for it is possible to keep a large【 S8】 _ population from segregating itself into local groups, the language of each of which tends to drift independently. In cultural conditions【 S9】 _ such as apparently prevail today, conditions that fight localism at every turn
12、, the tendency to dialectic cleavage is being constantly counteracted and in part “corrected“ by the factors already referred to. Yet even in so young a country like America the dialectic【 S10】 _ differences are not inconsiderable. 11 【 S1】 12 【 S2】 13 【 S3】 14 【 S4】 15 【 S5】 16 【 S6】 17 【 S7】 18 【
13、S8】 19 【 S9】 20 【 S10】 20 A project likely to evolve in the near or intermediate future is space tourism. Today space tourism has become a pure commercial【 S1】 _ activity that would not have to rely unpredictable government【 S2】 _ decisions. It would therefore put space operations on a much more sol
14、id, dependable footing and would enormously expand mans space activity. If some people see space tourism as a potential multibillion-【 S3】 _ dollar business, difficult technical problems remain to be sobered. First, in order to fulfill the dream of space tourism, a manned reusable rocket like the Ve
15、nture Star must be built. Then, the second serious problem must be addressed; Even【 S4】 _ todays most-advanced space rockets are able to lift only about 2. 5% of their launch weight into orbit a ratio that has hardly changed in the last 40 years. But it is simply impossible to find【 S5】 _ other alte
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