1、专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷 92及答案与解析 一、 PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the f
2、ollowing way: (1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ “ sign and write t 0 As humankind moves into the third millennium, it can rightfully claim to have
3、 broken a new ground in its age-old quest to master the 【 M1】 _ environment. The fantastic achievements of modern technology and the speed at which scientific discoveries are translating into 【 M2】 _ technological applications attest to the triumph of human endeavor. At the same time, consequently,
4、some of these applications threaten 【 M3】 _ to unleash forces over which we have no control. In other word, the 【 M4】 _ new technology Man now believes allows him to dominate this wider 【 M5】 _ cosmos could well be a Frankenstein monster waiting to turn off its 【 M6】 _ master. This is an entirely ne
5、w situation that promises to change many of the perceptions governing life on the planet. The most acute challenges facing with the future are likely to be not only those 【 M7】 _ pitting man against his fellow man, but those involving humankinds struggle to preserve the environment and ensure the su
6、stainability of life on earth. A conflict waged to ensure the survive of the human 【 M8】 _ species bound to bring humans closer together. Technological 【 M9】 _ progress has thus proved to be a double-edged sword, giving rise to a new form of conflict: a clash between Man and Nature. The new conflict
7、 is more dangerous than the traditional one between man and his fellow man, which the protagonists at least shared a common 【 M10】 _ language. But when it comes to the reactions of the ecosystems to the onslaught of modern technology, there is no common language. 1 【 M1】 2 【 M2】 3 【 M3】 4 【 M4】 5 【
8、M5】 6 【 M6】 7 【 M7】 8 【 M8】 9 【 M9】 10 【 M10】 10 A scientific theory is a public pronouncement that indicates what a scientist believes to be true about his or her specific area of investigation. And the beauty of scientific theories is they help us to 【 M1】 _ organize our thinking about a broad arr
9、ange of observations and 【 M2】 _ events. Imagine how life might be like for a researcher who plugs 【 M3】 _ away at collecting data and cataloging fact after fact with organizing 【 M4】 _ this information around a set of concepts and propositions. Chances are that this person would eventually be swamp
10、ed by seemingly unconnected facts, thus qualifying as a trivia expert who lacks “big 【 M5】 _ picture.“ So theories are of critical importance to developmental psychology, for each of them provides us with a “lens“ which we 【 M6】 _ might interpret any number of specific observations about developing
11、individuals. What are the characteristics of a good theory? Ideally, it should be concise, or parsimonious, and thus be able to explain a broad 【 M7】 _ range of phenomena. A theory with few principles that accounts of a 【 M8】 _ large number of empirical observations is much more useful than a second
12、 theory that requires many more principles and assumptions to explain the same number of observations. In addition, good theories are falsifiable that is, capable of making explicit predictions about future events so that the theory can be supported or disconfirmed. And, as implied by the falsifiabi
13、lity criterion, good theories do not limit themselves to which is already known. Instead, they are 【 M9】 _ heuristic meaning that they build on existing knowledge by continuing to generate testable hypotheses that, if confirmed by future research, will lead to a much rich understanding of the 【 M10】
14、 _ phenomena under investigation. 11 【 M1】 12 【 M2】 13 【 M3】 14 【 M4】 15 【 M5】 16 【 M6】 17 【 M7】 18 【 M8】 19 【 M9】 20 【 M10】 20 Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel industry in the United States, and, in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America. His success re
15、sulted in part of his ability to【 M1】 _ sell the product and in part from his policy of expending during periods【 M2】 _ of economic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments. Carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly t
16、hat wealthy should use 【 M3】 _ their fortunes for the benefit of society. He opposed charity, preferred【 M4】 _ instead to provide educational opportunities that would allow others help themselves. “He who dies rich, dies disgraced,“ he often said. 【 M5】 _ Among his more noteworthy contribution to so
17、ciety are those that【 M6】 _ bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine art, and a museum of national history. He【 M7】 _ also founded a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie-Mellon University. Others philanthrophic gifts are the 【
18、M8】 _ Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to promote understanding among nations, the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific【 M9】 _ research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts. Its safe to say a few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew【 M10】 _ Carnegies g
19、enerosity. His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today. 21 【 M1】 22 【 M2】 23 【 M3】 24 【 M4】 25 【 M5】 26 【 M6】 27 【 M7】 28 【 M8】 29 【 M9】 30 【 M1
20、0】 专业英语八级（改错）模拟试卷 92答案与解析 一、 PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Directions: Proofread the given passage. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the
21、 following way: (1)For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. (2)For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “ “ sign and write t 【知识模块】 改错 1 【正确答案】 a一去掉 a 【试题解析】 冠词错误。句中的 break newground是固定搭配，意思是 “开辟新天地 ”，不
22、需要加冠词。 【知识模块】 改错 2 【正确答案】 translating translated 【试题解析】 语 态错误。科学发现是被转换成科技应用，所以要用被动语态。 【知识模块】 改错 3 【正确答案】 consequently however 【试题解析】 逻辑错误。文章开头说明了人类的伟大科技进步，这里提出有些科技成果会对人类造成威胁，与前文是转折关系，鉴于其在句中的位置，用表转折关系的副词 however。 【知识模块】 改错 4 【正确答案】 word words 【试题解析】 搭配错误。表示 “换句话说 ”的固定搭配是 in other words。 【知识模块】 改错 5 【
23、正确答案】 technology 一 that 【试题解析】 句法错误。此处 technology的后面是定语从句， Man now believes在从句中作插入语，先行词在从句中作主语，因此引导词 that不能省略。 【知识模块】 改错 6 【正确答案】 off on 【试题解析】 搭配错误。该句的意思是 “科技可能变成弗兰肯斯坦那样的怪物攻击其主人 ”，而 turn off的意思是 “关掉；使厌倦 ”，有 “攻击 ”含义的短语是 turn on，例如： Demonstrators turned on police， overturning vehiclesand setting fire
24、 to them。 【知识模块】 改错 7 【正确答案】 with一去掉 with 【试题解析】 介词错误。此处意思是 “未来面临的挑战 ”， facing可直接加宾语，不需要介词 with。 【知识模块】 改错 8 【正确答案】 survive survival 【试题解析】 形近词错误。此处显然要用名词形式，而 survive是动词，其名词是 survival。 【知识模块】 改错 9 【正确答案】 bound is 【试题解析】 句法错误。该句的意思是 “为了确保人类生存而发动的斗争必然使人类更加紧密 ”。此处的 bound可以看做是形容词，表示 “必然 ”的搭配是 be bound t
25、o ，由于主语是单数 conflict，所以谓语用 is。 【知识模块】 改错 10 【正确答案】 whichwhere 【试题解析】 句法错误。此处定语从句的先行词是 the traditional conflict，而从句中主谓宾齐全，先行词只能作状语，所以要用关系副词 where。 【 知识模块】 改错 【知识模块】 改错 11 【正确答案】 is 一 that 【试题解析】 句法错误。此处 is后面接的是表语从句，因此引导词 that不能省略。 【知识模块】 改错 12 【正确答案】 arrange range 【试题解析】 形近词错误。此处显然是指范围广阔，而 arrange作动词，
26、意为“安排 ”。表示 “范围 ”的是 range。 【知识模块】 改错 13 【正确答案】 how what 【试题解析】 句法错误。该句中 imagine的后面是宾语从句，而 且宾语从句中缺少 like的宾语，而 how在引导的从句中作状语，所以要改为名词性的 what。 【知识模块】 改错 14 【正确答案】 with without 【试题解析】 逻辑错误。结合上下文可知，这里是用一个假设的例子来论证科学理论的重要性。从下面一句 “很可能这个人会被貌似毫无关系的事实淹没 ”可知，假设中的研究者 “没有根据一定的概念和命题组织信息 ”，因此要用 without。 【知识模块】 改错 15
27、【正确答案】 big a 【试题解析】 冠词错误。此处 picture是可 数名词单数形式，而且不是特指，显然要用不定冠词 a。 【知识模块】 改错 16 【正确答案】 which with 【试题解析】 句法错误。该句 lens后接定语从句，而定语从句中主谓宾齐全，lens只能作状语，结合句意，应该在 which前加 with或 through，表示 “通过 镜子 我们可以解读具体的观察结果 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 17 【正确答案】 thus yet 【试题解析】 逻辑错误。此处前半句的意思是理想条件下，好的理论要简洁，后半句意思是好的理论要能解释广泛的现 象，前后两部分是对比转折关系，
28、要用副词 yet， thus一般表示因果关系。 【知识模块】 改错 18 【正确答案】 (accounts)of for 【试题解析】 搭配错误。结合上下文，此处应该是 “解释、说明 ”的意思，表达该意思的短语是 account for。而 account作名词表示 “账目、记述 ”时后面可接 of。 【知识模块】 改错 19 【正确答案】 which what 【试题解析】 近义词错误。代词 which指在有限数量中的一个或一些，而 what则不限定范围，文中此处是 泛指已知的知识，宜用 what。 【知识模块】 改错 20 【正确答案】 rich richer 【试题解析】 形容词比较级错
29、误。一般来说， much后面接形容词的比较级形式，该句的意思是 “假说如果被验证，会对研究的现象带来更丰富的理解 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 【知识模块】 改错 21 【正确答案】 (resulted)in from 【试题解析】 搭配错误。 result与 from搭配表示 “由 造成，由于 ”。短文中这句话意为： “卡耐基成功的部分原因是由于他有能力卖出产品 ”，下半句有与其并列的表达，做题时应注意将句子看完整，寻找其中的联系。 【知识模块】 改错 22 【正确答案】 expending expanding 【试题解析】 形近词错误。 ex-pending的意思是 “消耗，花费 ”。而本句的
30、含义是： “他成功的另一部分原因在于他在经济衰退时期的扩张政策 ”。所以应将expending改为 expanding. 【知识模块】 改错 23 【正确答案】 wealthy the 【试题解析】 形容词名词化错误。该句意为： “他还强烈地认为富人应该用自 己的财富为社会谋利益 ”。形容词 wealthy前加定冠词表示富有的这类人。 【知识模块】 改错 24 【正确答案】 preferred preferring 【试题解析】 非谓语动词错误。一句中不能出现没有连词连接的两个谓语动词，preferred应改为 preferring作伴随状语。 【知识模块】 改错 25 【正确答案】 help
31、 to 【试题解析】 搭配错误。 allow应与 to搭配表示允许做某事。本句意为： “使他们可以自力更生 ”。 【知识模块】 改错 26 【 正确答案】 contribution contributions 【试题解析】 名词单复数错误。 contribution在这里表示捐助物等应为复数形式。 【知识模块】 改错 27 【正确答案】 art arts 【试题解析】 搭配错误。 fine arts表示美术。 【知识模块】 改错 28 【正确答案】 Others Other 【试题解析】 代词错误。 others为名词性，后面不接名词， other后接名词。 【知识模块】 改错 29 【正确答案】 among between 【试题解析】 介词错误。 between在通常情况下是用来表示两者之间的，但有时也可用于 “三者或三者以上之间 ”，指每个人 (物 )与别的每个人 (物 )分别发生联系。句中指的就是每个国家与别的国家之间的意思。 【知识模块】 改错 30 【正确答案】 a一去掉 a 【试题解析】 逻辑错误。文章是要表达的意思是 “几乎没有美国人不为卡耐基的慷慨而感动 ”，用 few表示否定。 【知识模块】 改错
