[外语类试卷]专业英语八级(翻译)模拟试卷19及答案与解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级(翻译)模拟试卷 19及答案与解析 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 1 照相是一种既兼并客观世界,又表达独特自我的技术。照片描绘业已存在的客观现实,只有照相机才能揭示这种客观现实。照片反映个别摄影者的气质,这种气质是通过照相机剪裁现实而显示出来的。那就是说,摄影术有两个相互对立的观念:第一,摄影术是反映世界的,摄影者只不过是无足轻重的观察 者;第二,摄影术是无畏探索的主观性的手段,摄影者决定一切。 2 峨眉山下,伏虎寺旁,有一种蝴蝶,比最美丽的蝴蝶

2、可能还要美丽些,是峨眉山最珍贵的特产之一。 当它阖起两张翅膀的时候,像生长在树枝上的一张干枯了的树叶。谁也不去注意它,谁也不会瞧它一眼。 它收敛了它的花纹、图案,隐藏了它的粉墨、彩色,逸出了繁华的花丛,停止了它翱翔的姿态,变成了一张憔悴的,干枯了的,甚至不是枯黄的,而是枯槁的,如同死灰颜色的枯叶。 3 科技是人类文明进步的动力源泉。古老的中国,曾在世界科技史上 占有重要地位。今天的中国人民,不仅与全世界共享科技文明的成果,也在各个领域推动世界科技的进步。科技奥运将反映科技最新进展,集成全国科技创新成果,推出一届高科技含量的体育盛会;提高北京科技创新能力,推进高新技术成果的产业化及其在人民生活中

3、的广泛应用,使北京奥运会成为展示高新技术成果和创新实力的窗口。 4 张衡是中国古代杰出的科学家。他长期观察日月和行星的运行规律,知道月亮本身不发光,月光只是月球反射了太阳光。他还正确地解释了 “冬天日短夜长,夏天日长夜短 ”的道理。张衡在他写的书中,提出了 “空间和时间 都是无限的 ”的理论。他画出了中国第一张完备的星图,记录了 2500颗恒星,还记录了它们的亮度和出没时间。他的观测,与我们今天在同一个地点看到的星空相近。 5 中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比,它先天有些不足,后天也常缺乏营养,但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀。 世界上第

4、一代博物馆属于自然博物馆,它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代属于工业技术博物馆,它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性成果。这两代博物馆虽然起 到了传播科学知识的作用,但是它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。 世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里,观众可以自己去动手操作,自己细心体察。这样,他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术,去探索科学技术的奥妙。 中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆 !它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处,设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品,展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。 专业英语八级(翻译)模拟试卷 19答案与解析 SECTION A

5、 CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 1 【正确答案】 Picture-taking is a technique both for annexing the objective world and for expressing the unique self. Photographs present existing objective realities that only the camera can disclose. They also reveal an individu

6、al photographers temperament as reflected from the way he uses the camera to crop reality. That is, photography involves two antithetical concepts. On the one hand, photography presents the world and the photographer is a mere observer playing an insignificant role. On the other hand, photography is

7、 an instrument of intrepid subjective quest while the photographer determines everything. 【试题解析】 1、本段主体信息为科学描述与评论,故采用一般现在时为总体时态。 2、第 1句的 “兼并 ”可译为 annex。 “独特自我 ”可译为 unique self或 singulm-self。 3、 “通过照相机剪裁现实 ”按摄影专业术语应译为 crop reality,当然,如果不知道这个术语,在考试环境下,也可意译为 recreate reality或 represent reality,表达出原文的基本

8、意思。 4、第 4句的 “观念 ”应译为 concept。 【知识模块】 汉译英 2 【正确答案】 At the foot of Mt. Emei, around Fuhu Temple, there lives a species of butterflyone of the rarest and most valuable rarities of the mountain that is probably even more beautiful than the most beautiful butterflies in the world. When it closes its wing

9、s, it resembles a withered tree leaf hanging from a branchscarcely noticeable to the human eye. When it gathers its wings full of exquisite patterns, it conceals its beautiful colors. When it flutters out from a cluster of blooming flowers and alights somewhere in the middle of its graceful flight,

10、it turns into a dried leaf, not even of a withering yellow, but of a deathly grey. 【试题解析】 1、本段为客观描写性文体,故总体时态为一般现在时。 2、第 1段的 “有 ”此处译为 there lives比 there is更为生动。 “枯叶蝴蝶 ”之所以珍贵,是因为其稀少,所以本段的 “珍贵的特产 ”可译为 rare and valuable rarities:而不能望文生义译为 special products produce。 3、第 2段的 “阖起翅膀 ”根据意思可译为 closes its wings

11、, “像 ”可译为 looks like,appears to be, resembles,也可译为 appears as if it were; “生长在树枝上的一张干枯了的树叶 ”可根据字面意思译为 a dry(withered)leave grown on a branch。但考虑到原文所刻意营造的 “枯萎 ”与 “死亡 ”的氛围,若译为 a dry(withered)leave hanging(lingering)upon a branch,则能更好地传递原文的情趣。 【知识模块】 汉译英 3 【正确答案】 Science and technology empowers the pro

12、gress of human civilization. Ancient China held an important place in the history of worlds scientific and technological development. Today, while sharing the technological accomplishments with the rest of the world, the Chinese people are making their contribution to the advancement of the worlds s

13、cience and technology in all fields. The “Technology Olympics“ 2008 Beijing Olympicswill showcase the latest development of science and technology. Drawing upon the whole nations technological innovation achievements, it will prove to be an unprecedented technology-intensive Olympic Games. It will e

14、nhance Beijings technological innovation capability, promote industrialization of high-tech fruits and their applications in peoples daily lives, and serve as a show-window for high-tech achievements and innovation progress. 【试题解析】 1、本段主体部分为对未来事件的预测与宣传,故总体时态为一般将来时。 2、第 1句的 “是动力源泉 ”此处可译为 empower“授权 ”

15、。若按字面意思译为sourceof(pushing)power,也较恰当。 “世界科技史 ”是简练的说法,应理解为 “世界科技发展史 ”,所以译为 history of worlds scientific and technological development十分恰当。 3、第 3句的重心在句子的后半部分 “也在各个领域推动世界科技的进步 ”,所以尽管原文用了 “不仅 ”、 “也 ”,但是译文处理为主从复合句,用 while引导句子的前一部分,比较适宜。此句强调目前正在做的事情,宜用现在进行时。 【知识模块】 汉译英 4 【正确答案】 Zhang Heng was an outstandi

16、ng scientist in ancient China. After spending many years observing the laws of the movement of the moon, the sun, and the planets,he knew that the moon itself does not shine but only reflects the light from the sun. Besides, he clearly explained why in winter days are short and nights are long while

17、 in summer days become longer and nights shorter. In his works, he put forward the theory that both time and space are infinite. He produced Chinas first complete star chart which recorded 2,500 stars, including their brightness and their time of appearance and disappearance. His observations were q

18、uite similar to the observations made today at the same place. 【试题解析】 1、本段主体内容为对科学界重要历史人物的介绍,故总体时态为一般过去时。 2、 “杰出的 ”还可以译为 prominent, distinguished等,若是简单地译作 great也是可以的。 3、第 4句的 “提出 理论 ”可译为 advance put forward the theory。从科技文体角度考虑, “无限的 ”应译为 infinite,译为 limitless可以保底。翻译此句时不宜拘泥于原文的形式,译为 he put forward t

19、he theory that both time and space are infinite。 【知识模块】 汉译英 5 【正确答案】 The first generation museums in the world are those of natural history, which, by displaying fossils and specimens, show the evolution of the earth and various organisms. The second generation museums are those of industrial techno

20、logies. They demonstrate the fruits of industrialization at various stages. Although museums of the first two generations have played the role in disseminating scientific knowledge, they are in fact places where visitors are mere passive spectators. The third generation museums in the world are thos

21、e designed with brand-new concepts where visitors can operate the exhibits with their own hands and observe with their own eyes the way they function. In this way, they are brought closer to advanced science and technology, and offered more opportunities to explore its mysteries. 【试题解析】 1、本段对比并描述了各代

22、 博物馆的不同之处,为描述性文字,故总体上采用一般现在时。 2、第 2段第 1句较长,后半部的主语 “它 ”指代全句的主语 “第一代博物馆 ”,故可将其译为定语从句,使句子结构紧凑; “通过 ”可译成 by或 through,但根据本段文字的总体意思,采用增补的方法译成 by displaying,意思更为明确,与下文中的 mere spectator形成呼应; “介绍 ”在本段文字中实际意思为 “展示 ”,故可译成illustrate或 show,而不宜望文生义译成 introduce; “各种生物 ”按科学词语可译成organisms,译成 living things也能准确地表达原文的意

23、思。 3、第 2段第 2句的 “工业文明带来的各种阶段性成果 ”可译为 the fruits brought aboutby industrialization at various stages,或简单泽为 the fruits of industrialization at various stages。 4、第 3段第 1句的 “充满全新理念 ”可译成 designed with brand-new concepts,语言简洁地道,增补 designed一词,意为 “按全新理念设计的 ”,贴切原文的深层次含义。 5、第 3段第 2句的 “在这里 ”意为 “在第三代博物馆里 ”与上一句关系紧密,所以可译成 where引导的定语从句,与上句组成复合句;原文中 “动手操作 ”, “细心体察 ”没有宾语,考虑到英文语法形式严谨,故可采用增补的翻译手法分别译成operate the exhibits和 observe the way they function使意思更为明确。 【知识模块】 汉译英

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