1、专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷 5及答案与解析 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 1 But, as has been true in many other cases, when they were at last married, the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical. Instead of having shared their or
2、iginal duties, and as school-boys would say, going halves, they discovered that the cares of life had been doubled. This led to some distressing moments for both our friends; they understood suddenly that instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth, and had made themselves slaves to new
3、 laws and limitations. Instead of being freer and happier than ever before, they had assumed new responsibilities; they had established a new household, and must fulfill in some way or another the obligations of it. They looked back with affection to their engagement; they had been longing to have e
4、ach other to themselves, apart from the world, but it seemed they never felt so keenly that they were still units in modern society. 2 In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the ancestors; to enabl
5、e the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places. In addition, one class of family reasons shares a border with the following category, namely, having children
6、in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy the wife; to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined by its converse: in some societies the failure to bear children
7、(or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce. Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very institution of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper familythey need children to enrich the circle, to validate its fami
8、ly character, to gather the redemptive influence of offspring. Children need the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution uniquely available, at least in principle, for security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile, world. To most peopl
9、e, such a home base, in the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance and in generational extension. 3 Between the darkness of earth and heaven she was burning fiercely upon a disc of purple sea shot by the blood-red play of gleams; upon a disc of water glittering and sinister. A high
10、, clear flame, an immense and lonely flame, ascended from the ocean, and from its summit the black smoke poured continuously at the sky. She burned furiously, mournful and imposing like a funeral pile kindled in the night, surrounded by the sea, watched over by the stars. A magnificent death had com
11、e like a grace, like a gift, like a reward to that old ship at the end of her laborious days. The surrender of her weary ghost to the keeping of stars and sea was stirring like the sight of a glorious triumph. The masts fell just before daybreak, and for a moment there was a burst and turmoil of spa
12、rks that seemed to fill with flying fire the night patient and watchful, the vast night lying silent upon the sea. 4 The stage is more beholding to love, than the life of man. For as to the stage, love is ever matter of comedies, and now and then of tragedies; but in life it doth much mischief; some
13、times like a siren, sometimes like a fury. You may observe, that amongst all the great and worthy persons (whereof the memory remaineth, either ancient or recent) there is not one, that hath been transported to the mad degree of love: which shows that great spirits, and great business, do keep out t
14、his weak passion. You must except, nevertheless, Marcus Antonius, the half partner of the empire of Rome, and Appius Claudius, the decemvir and lawgiver; whereof the former was indeed a voluptuous man, and inordinate; but the latter was an austere and wise man: and therefore it seems (though rarely)
15、 that love can find entrance, not only into an open heart, but also into a heart well fortified, if watch be not well kept. 5 I was thirty-seven then, strapped in my seat as the huge 747 plunged through dense cloud cover on approach to the Hamburg airport. Cold November rains drenched the earth and
16、lent everything the gloomy air of a Flemish landscape: the ground crew ran gear, a flag atop a squat airport building, a BMW billboard. So Germany again. Once the plane was on the ground soft music began to flow from the ceiling speakers: a sweet orchestral cover version of the Beatles “Norwegian Wo
17、od“. The melody never failed to send a shudder through me, but this time it hit me harder than ever. I bent forward in my seat, face in hands to keep my skull from splitting open. Before long one of the German stewardesses approached and asked in English if I was sick. “No,“ I said, “just dizzy.“ “A
18、re you sure?“ “Yes, Im sure. Thanks.“ She smiled and left, and the music changed to a Billy Joel tune. I straightened up and looked out the plane window at the dark clouds hanging over the North Sea, thinking of what I had lost in the course of my life: times gone forever, friends who had died or di
19、sappeared, feelings I would never know again. 专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷 5答案与解析 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 1 【正确答案】 但是正如其他许多已经发生的事情一样，他们最终结婚，却发现最憧憬的生活变得再实际不过了。他们非但没有分担各自原先的责任 正如那些学生们所说 “责任各半 ”反而发现生活的担子加倍地重了。这使得我们那两个结婚的朋友时常觉得沮丧；他们突然发现自己并没有过着天堂般的生活而是仍然实实在在地
20、生活在地球上，并且处处受制于新规则和新约束；比起以前，他们非但没有更自由、更幸福，反倒得肩负起新的责任；他们既然建立了新家庭，那就无论如何 也要尽一点家庭的义务。他们深情地回想起订婚的那段时光，曾经是那样渴望拥有彼此而置周围的一切于不顾，然而现在最深切的感受却是自己仍是这个现代社会的一份子。 【试题解析】 1、本段文字贴近生活，考生宜选用汉语常用词汇来移译。比如most practical就可以译为 “再实际不过了 ”这样的口语。 2、 double意思是 “加倍 ”，由于修饰 the cares of life“生活的担子 ”因而增译为 “加倍地重了 ”。 3、 some distressi
21、ng moments如果直译成 “一些沮丧的时刻 ”，就是典型的死译 。现将该名词短语转译作动词短语 “时常觉得沮丧 ”。 4、 instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth也可以译为 “自己并没有享受天堂里神仙般的生活，而是仍旧过着地球上的平凡日子 ”。 5、 made themselves slaves to new laws and limitations不宜译成 “成为新规则和新约束的奴隶 ”，因为此处并没有拟人化的处理，所以译为 “处处受制于新规则和新约束 ”。 【知识模块】 英译汉 2 【正确答案】 此外，有一类生
22、儿育女的原因与下列类别有相通之处，即生儿育女是为了维系或改善婚姻：拴住丈夫或让妻子不至于无事可做；修复或重振婚姻；要多子多孙，以为此乃家庭幸福之道。这一点可以由其反面的事实得到进一步验证：不能生育 (或不能生育儿子 )在有些社会对婚姻构成威胁，并且随时可成为离婚的借口。 孩子对家庭的存在所具有的深远意义远不止如此。对许多人而言。单有夫妻二人还不算是真正的家庭 他们需要小孩来丰富两人的小天地，从而赋予小天地以真正意义上的家庭性质，并从子孙后代身上获取回报。孩子需要家庭，但家庭看来也需要孩 子。而在这个变化莫测、往往是充满敌意的世界里，作为一种社会体制，家庭以其特有的方式，至少从原则上让人从中获取
23、安全、慰藉、保障及人生取向。 【试题解析】 1、选段是典型的说理性文体。用词严谨，考生需在理解和用词上下功夫。 2、第 1段第 1句的 share a border with 在此处指原因相同或相似，故译为 “与 有相通之处 ”。 hold the husband译为 “拴住丈夫 ”十分恰当。 occupy有 “占据 ”之义，将 occupythe wife译为 “让妻子不至于无事可做 ”，显得通俗易懂。 lie在此处应理解 为 “以 为前提而存在 ”。 3、第 2段第 2句的 circle在此处是指夫妻生活的空间，故译作 “小天地 ”是十分形象的。将第 2段第 2句的 redemptive
24、influence直译则是 “赎回的偿还的影响 ”，很费解，此处根据常理译为 “回报 ”。 【知识模块】 英译汉 3 【正确答案】 在黑暗的天地之间，船在熊熊燃烧，周围海面在血红的火光照耀下变成了一片紫色，闪闪发亮，险恶难测。只见一个高大、明亮、孤独的巨大火柱在海面上升起，火柱的顶端不停地朝空中喷着黑烟。船剧烈地燃烧着，极为悲壮，恰似在黑夜里点燃的 火葬柴堆，由大海护卫，由星星照看。 这艘旧船度过了辛苦的一生，最终迎来了辉煌的死亡，这死亡如同蒙受天恩，又如领赏获奖。它将自己疲惫的灵魂交给了星星和大海，这一幕真像壮观的胜利庆典一样令人激动。桅杆在黎明将至时倒下了，刹那间火星四溅，飞舞的火花似乎一
25、下子洒满了耐心看护的夜空，洒满了海面上那浩淼静谧的夜空。 【试题解析】 1、本段描写旧船在海面燃烧的壮观情景，语言生动，多用修辞格，句 式优美富于变化，传译原文风格是关键。翻译本文时，须先通读全篇，才能领会到文中提到的 she指一艘船 (第 2段首句 )。否则就无法理解短文内容。 2、第 1句以 she指代 “the old ship”，设定拟人语境； disc同 disk，意为 “圆盘 ”，此处用作比喻，指附近海域，故可译为 “周围海面 ”。 3、第 3句的 surrounded by the sea， watched over by the stars，译文可保留拟人修辞格，译为 “由大海
26、护卫，由星星照看 ”； funeral pile指 “火葬用的柴堆 ”。 4、第 4句的 like ， like ， like 构成排比结构，译文 “如同蒙受天恩，又如领赏获奖 ”，总体效果与原文相似；其中的 grace为多义词，其 “天恩 ”之义可由其与gift和 reward构成的语义场固着。 5、第 5句的 “The surrender of her weary ghost to the keeping of stars and sea was stirring like the sight of a glorious triumph ”译为 “它将自己疲惫的灵魂交给了星星和大海，这一幕
27、真像壮观的胜利庆典一样令人激 动 ”，保留了原文的诗意美，其中的 ghost不宜直译为 “鬼魂 ”。 【知识模块】 英译汉 4 【正确答案】 舞台上的爱情，比之生活中的爱情，要美好得多。因为在舞台上，爱情永远都是喜剧的题材，偶尔才成为悲剧的内容，但在生活中，爱情有时像诱人的女妖，有时像复仇的女神，常常招来不幸。 你可曾注意，一切真正伟大尊贵的人物 (无论古人、今人只要其英名已经铭刻于人类的记忆 )，没有在爱情中狂热昏头的，这表明伟大的心灵、伟大的事业确实可以摒除这种脆弱的感情。然而，下面两人却是例外，一是曾与他人共同统治 罗马帝国的安东尼，一是曾为罗马十大执政官、并制订了罗马法典的克劳底亚，前
28、者确是好色之徒，荒淫无度，后者却严守操行、睿智多谋。由此可见，爱情不仅会占领敞开的心扉，假如放松警惕，有时 (尽管极其难得 )也能闯入设防的心灵。 【试题解析】 1、本文节选自培根的 Of Love(论爱情 )，论述明白流畅，词句古色古香，传译培根简练隽永的行文风格是做好本篇翻译的关键。 2、第 1句的 beholding意思是 obliged“负有义务的 ”。直译：舞台比人生更对爱情负有义务。意即舞台会夸大爱情。 3、第 2句的 matter意 为 “素材，题材 ”； siren是古希腊神话中地中海的魔女，歌喉动听，诱使过往船只陷入险境： fury是希腊神话中掌管复仇的三女神之一。 4、第
29、3句的 weak passion反映了作者对爱情的态度，译为 “脆弱的感情 ”，因为在培根的眼中，被人吟咏讴歌，使人为之心动的神圣感情不过是 “女祸 ”、 “堕落 ”的同义词。 5、第 4句的 Marcus Antonius安东尼，是古罗马统帅，曾为凯撒部将，凯撒被刺后与屋大维成东西对峙之势，故有文中所说的 half partner of the empire of Rome，后因迷恋女色被 杀。 Appius Claudius克劳底亚，古罗马执政官，亦因好色而被杀。 decemvir是 “(作为古罗马国家首脑的 )十大执政官之一 ”。本句有几个难词： voluptuous“骄奢淫逸的 ”；
30、inordinate“放纵的 ”； austere“禁欲的，简朴的 ”；fortify“强化防御 ”。 if watch benot well kept相当于 if watch is not well kept，这里意译为 “假如放松警惕 ”，根据汉语表达习惯前置。 【知识模块】 英译汉 5 【正确答案】 37岁的我系着 安全带端坐在波音 747客机上，庞大的机体穿过厚重的夹雨云层，俯身向汉堡机场降落。 11月的冷雨将大地浸透，四周阴沉沉的，使得准备飞机着陆装置的地勤工、低矮的候机楼顶的旗子，以及宝马公司的广告板等一切的一切，看上去如同弗兰德派风景画的背景一般。又是德国，我想。 飞机刚一着陆天
31、花板扩音器中便传出悦耳轻柔的音乐，那是一个管弦乐队演奏的甲壳虫乐队的挪威的森林。那旋律一如既往地使我难以自已，这一次，比往日更强烈地震撼着我的身心。 我头痛欲裂，弯下腰来，双手捂着脸坐在座位上。很快，一位德国空姐走过来 ，用英语问我是不是不舒服。 “没有， ”我说， “只是有些头晕。 ” 【试题解析】 1、本段文字叙述中有描写，传达的是一种伤感的氛围，具备西方音乐和绘画史方面的知识对理解原文非常重要。 2、第 1句的 plunge through dense cloud cover on approach to the Hamburg airport译为 “穿过厚重的夹雨云层，俯身向汉堡机场降
32、落 ”，非常简洁。根据下文rains提供的语境， cloud cover译为 “夹雨云层 ”。 3、第 3句的 So Germany again是 “我 ”的心理描写，译文增译 “我想 ”予以明示。 4、第 4句的 cover version意为 “(流行歌曲等的 )转录制品 ”。 the Beatles，披头士(甲壳虫 )乐队，上世纪英国知名的流行乐队。 5、第 5句的 the melody never failed to send a shudder through me译为 “那旋律一如既往地使我难以自已 ”，其中，否定表达 never failed转译为肯定表达 “一如既往 ”； senda shudder through sb也可译为 “不寒而栗 ”。 【知识模块】 英译汉
