1、专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷 74及答案与解析 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 1 但是比较起冬天来呢，我却又偏爱了秋。 是的 ,就是现在，我觉得现在正合了我的歌子的节奏。我几乎说不出秋比冬为什么更好，也许因为那枝头的几片黄叶，或是那篱畔的几朵残花，在那些上边，是比较冬天更显示了生命，不然，是在那些上面，更使我忆起了生命吧，一只黄叶，一片残英，那在联系着过 去与将来吧。它们将更使人凝视，更使人沉思，更使人怀想及希冀一些关于生活的事吧。这样，人曾感到了真实的存在
2、。 过去，现在，将来，世界是真实的，人生是真实的，一切都是真实的，所有的梦境，所有的幻想，都是无用的了，无用的事物都一幕幕地掣了过去，我们要向着人生静默，祈祷，来打算一些真实的事物了。 给了人更远的希望，向前的鞭策，意识到了生之实在的，而且给人以 “沉着 ”的力量的，是这正在凋亡着的秋。我爱秋天，我对于这荒凉的秋天有如一位多年的朋友。 2 笼里养着两只母鸡，一只爱唱，另一只喜静。主人 根据母鸡下蛋之后报唱的现象，以为所有的蛋都是那只唱鸡产的，因此很偏爱它，捉的蟑螂也专喂给它吃。但日子一久，秘密揭穿了，原来那只唱鸡下蛋很少，而不叫的那只却一天一个，且蛋刚落地就一声不响地离开鸡窝，由那只唱鸡站在蛋
3、边大喊大叫。 闲聊时和朋友谈及此事，他以为我的言外之意不在鸡，而是在论人。 说到人，在我们中确实是有很多沉默寡言的人，他们牢牢蹲在自己的岗位上，夜以继日，埋头苦干，替国家创造了大量的物质财富，为人民做出一项又一项的优异成绩。他们像母鸡一样，吞的是粗糠老菜，产下的是蛋，而且往往一声不响。但 也有一种人，嘴尖舌长，能说会道，自我吹嘘，滔滔不绝，像那只爱唱的母鸡一样，占着个鸡窝不下蛋。个别恶劣的还窃取别人的成果去报喜称功，一点不觉得惭愧。SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese
4、. 3 I took along my son, who had never had any fresh water up his nose and who had seen lily pads only from train windows. On the journey over to the lake I began to wonder what it would be like. I wondered how time would have marred this unique, this holy spotthe coves and streams, the hills that t
5、he sun set behind, the camps and the paths behind the camps. I was sure that the tarred road would have found it out and I wondered in what other ways it would be desolated. It is strange how much you can remember about places like that once you allow your mind to return into the grooves which lead
6、back. You remember one thing, and that suddenly reminds you of another thing. I guess I remembered clearest of all the early mornings, when the lake was cool and motionless, remembered how the bedroom smelled of the lumber it was made of and of the wet woods whose scent entered through the screen. T
7、he partitions in the camp were thin and did not extend clear to the top of the rooms, and as I was always the first up I would dress softly so as not to wake the others, and sneak out into the sweet outdoors and start out in the canoe, keeping close along the shore in the long shadows of the pines.
8、I remembered being very careful never to rub my paddle against the gunwale for fear of disturbing the stillness of the cathedral. 4 The first fall of snow is not only an event but it is a magical event. You go to bed in one kind of world and wake up to find yourself in another quite different, and i
9、f this is not enchantment, then where is it to be found? The very stealth, the eerie quietness, of the thing makes it more magical. If all the snow fell at once in one shattering crash, awakening us in the middle of the night the event would be robbed of its wonder. But it flutters down, soundless,
10、hour after hour while we are asleep. Outside the closed curtains of the bedroom a vast transformation scene is taking place, just as if a myriad elves and brownies were at work, and we turn and yawn and stretch and know nothing about it. And then, what an extraordinary change it is! It is as if the
11、house you are in had been dropped down in another continent. Even the inside, which has not been touched. seems different, every room appearing smaller and cosier, just as if some power were trying to turn it into a woodcutters hut or a snug log-cabin. 5 As I am one of that sauntering tribe of morta
12、ls, who spend the greatest part of their time in taverns, coffee-houses, and other places of public resort, I have thereby an opportunity of observing an infinite variety of characters, which, to a person of contemplative turn, is a much higher entertainment than a view of all the curiosities of art
13、 or nature. Amongst a multiplicity of other topics, we took occasion to talk of the different characters of the several nations of Europe; when one of the gentlemen, cocking his hat, and assuming such an air of importance as if he had possessed all the merit of the English nation in his own person,
14、declared that the Dutch were a parcel of avaricious wretches; the French a set of flattering sycophants; that the Germans were drunken sots, and beastly gluttons; and the Spaniards proud, haughty, and surly tyrants; but that in bravery, generosity, clemency, and in every other virtue, the English ex
15、celled all the rest of the world. 专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷 74答案与解析 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 1 【正确答案】 Yes, it is just now! This season is just toned in harmony with the rhythm of my song. I could hardly figure out the reason why autumn is better than w
16、inter. Perhaps because those several yellow leaves clinging onto the branches, or a few withered flowers by the fence, both displaying the sign of life, which you cannot expect of winter; or perhaps they are more likely to remind me of life than winter is. It is a yellow leaf and a withered flower t
17、hat are connecting the past and the future. They make you gaze at them, reflect upon them, and they may even bring past memories to mind and give you hope for the future life. In this way, we can feel the reality of existence. 【试题解析】 1画线部分第一句 “我觉得现在正合了我的歌子的节奏 ”中 “现在 ”实际指的是 “秋天 ”。 “正合了 的节奏 ”可以翻译为 is
18、just toned in harmony with the rhythm of 。 2画线部分第二句比较长，在汉语中是一句话，由若干个小分句组成，不过有若干层逻辑和语义关系，所以翻译时要注意断句，可以处理为几个短句。其中 “在那些上边 是在那些上面 ”在上下文中没有实际的意义，可以略去不译。 “是比较冬天更显示了生命 ”“更使我忆起了生命吧 ”，翻译时要注意把与冬天的比较译出来 。 “残花 ”可以翻译为 a withered flower。 3画线部分第三句 “它们将更使人凝视，更使人沉思，更使人怀想及希冀一些关于生活的事吧。 ”中有三个 “更使人 ”的并列结构，要注意译出。 “怀想及希冀
19、”分别指过去与将来，翻译时可以用增译法译出。 【知识模块】 汉译英 2 【正确答案】 It is true that there are among us many people who stick to their posts and quietly immerse themselves in hard work day and night, creating enormous material wealth for the state and achieving one success after another for the people. Like the above-mention
20、ed egglayer, they eat simple food, but lay eggs, often without making a fanfare. There are among us, however, another kind of people who armed with a glib tongue, indulged in incessant self-glorification and, like the above-mentioned cackler, hold on to the coop without laying any egg. Some few even
21、 go so far as to brazenly claim credit for work that was done by others. 【试题解析】 1汉语中动词的使用频率大大超过英语，因此汉译英时有必要删掉一些不必要的动词，如画线部分第一句中的 “说到 ”“替 ”，只留 “蹲 ”“埋头苦干 ”“创造 ”“做出 ”即可。 “牢牢蹲在自己的岗位上 ”的意思是 “坚守岗位 ”，故译为stick to their posts。 2画线部分第二句中 “往往一声不响 ”译为 often without making a fanfare。 make a fanfare是英语俗语，作 “大吹大擂
22、”解。 3画线部分第三句中 “占着个鸡窝不下蛋 ”可译为 hold on to the coop without laying any egg，其中 hold on to是固定搭配，作 “抓住不放 ”解。 【知识模块】 汉译英 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 3 【正确答案】 在去湖畔的路上，我开始想象它的样子。我猜想着时光会把这片独一无二的圣地破坏成怎么一副模样 那里的河湾和小溪、笼罩在落 日里的山峦、还有宿营的营地和营地后的小路。 我相信这条柏油马路已经给
23、了我答案，我还在想象其他地方会破败成什么样。很奇怪，一旦你任由思绪回归往日，很多故地的记忆就会涌入脑中。你记起了一件事情，就会联想起另一件事情。我想我记得最清楚的是那些清晨，清凉的湖水，平静的湖面，卧室里弥漫着木屋的清香，屋外湿润的树木发出的芳香穿透房间的墙板，依稀可嗅。木屋的隔板很薄，离房顶还有一段距离。因为我总是第一个起床的，为了不吵醒别人，我悄悄穿好衣服，蹑手蹑脚地溜出屋外。外面一片芬芳，我坐上小船出发，沿着湖岸，在长长的松树阴影里穿 行而过。 【试题解析】 1画线部分第三句中的 tarred意为 “沥青，柏油 ”， tarred road就是 “柏油马路 ”； desolated意为
24、“使荒无人烟，使荒芜 ”。 2画线部分第四句较长，翻译时首先要理清句子结构，才能正确理解句意。其中once引导条件状语从句； which lead back是定语从句，修饰 the grooves。 3画线部分第六句较长，要先理清句子结构。其中 remembered后接两个并列的宾语，第一个宾语后接 when引导的定语从句，修饰 the early mornings；第二 个宾语为 how引导的宾语从句，其中 of the lumberand of the wet woods 是并列结构； the lumber后又有一个定语从句 it wasmade of； the wet woods后也有定
25、语从句 whose scent entered through the screen。因为英汉语言的差异，翻译时要把英语的长句拆开，处理为汉语的几个短句，这样才符合汉语的表达习惯。 4画线部分最后一句中的 partitions意为 “分割，隔离物 ”，根据上下文，在这里是指木屋的隔板、隔墙。 【 知识模块】 英译汉 4 【正确答案】 初雪不仅是件大事，而且还是件神奇的大事。你睡觉时还处在这个世界，而醒来后，却发现自己在一个截然不同的天地里。如果这都不能让人陶醉，那到哪里去找醉人的东西呢 ?这一切都悄然地在神秘的寂静中完成，更给这场雪增添了奇妙的色彩。若所有的雪铺天盖地一股脑地倾泻下来，把我们从
26、午夜的沉睡中惊醒，那么，这就没什么值得欢呼雀跃的了。但它却是趁我们熟睡时，不停不歇，悄无声息地飘然而下。卧室里窗帘拉拢了，外面却发生着翻天覆地的变化，犹如无数的精灵魔仙在施展魔法，而我们在屋里翻个身， 打个呵欠，伸个懒腰，对此却一无所知。然而，这变化是多么巨大呀 !就仿佛你的住所掉进了另一片天地。 【试题解析】 1在画线部分第一句 The first fall of snow is not only an event but it is a magical event中， but后面省略了 also，是 not onlybut also( 不仅 而且 ) 结构，要注意分辨。 2在画线部分第二句
27、 You go to bed in one kind of world and wake up to find yourself in another quitedifferent 中， another后省略了 world，翻译时要增译出来。 3在画线部分第四句 If all the snow fell at once in one shattering crashthe event would be robbed ofits wonder中使用了虚拟语气，其中 awakening us in the middle of the night是现在分词短语表伴随。 4画线部分最后一句 It is
28、 as if the house you are in had been dropped down in another continent使用了虚拟语气， you are in是一个省略了 that的定语从句，修饰 the house，翻译时把定语从句的内容与主句内容融合在一起，译为 “你的住所 ”。 【知识模块】 英译汉 5 【正确答案】 本人当属闲逛族，把大好时光消磨在酒馆、咖啡屋和其他玩乐场所，由此也获得了观察各色各样人物的机缘。对于一个惯于沉思默想的人来说，这方面带来的乐趣比从艺术或自然的奇特性中获得的乐趣要有 意思得多。 在一大堆话题中，我们选择了欧洲几个国家国民的不同性格作为我们
29、的讨论题目。话题刚一确定，就有那么一位先生，帽子歪翘，一副自以为了不起的神情，似乎英国国民的所有美德都集中到了他身上，开口宣布道：荷兰人是一群贪婪的小人；法国人是一帮溜须谄媚者；德国人是一群醉鬼，一群饕餮之徒，如兽类一般；西班牙人则是一群傲慢、趾高气扬、飞扬跋扈、专横暴虐之众；而英国人，无论是在勇敢、慷慨、仁慈还是在其他一些品德方面，都要胜过其他国家的人一筹。 【试题解析】 1在英译汉的过程中，由于两种语言在语法和表达习 惯上的差异，通常需要转换词性，最常见的是名词转化成动词，如第一段中的contemplative turn译为 “惯于沉思默想 ”； a view of allthe curiosities of art or nature译为 “从艺术或自然的奇特性中获得的乐趣 ”。 2第一段是一个很长的英文句子，注意要拆开翻译，其中 sauntering tribe of mortals译为 “闲逛族 ”， “族 ”这个字既能译出 tribe的 “意 ”，也能译出 tribe的“味 ”；另外 infinite从修饰 variety变为修饰 opportunity，这样更符合汉语习惯。 3第二段中的 cocking his hat译为 “帽子歪翘 ”， an air of importance译为 “一副自以为了不起的神情 ”。 【知识模块】 英译汉
