1、专业英语八级（阅读）模拟试卷 158及答案与解析 SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 0 (1) W
2、hen Mr. March lost his property in trying to help an unfortunate friend, the two oldest girls begged to be allowed to do something toward their own support, at least. Believing that they could not begin too early to cultivate energy, industry, and independence, their parents consented, and both fell
3、 to work with the hearty good will which in spite of all obstacles is sure to succeed at last. (2) Margaret found a place as nursery governess and felt rich with her small salary. As she said, she was “fond of luxury“ , and her chief trouble was poverty. She found it harder to bear than the others b
4、ecause she could remember a time when home was beautiful, life full of ease and pleasure, and want of any kind unknown. She tried not to be envious or discontented, but it was very natural that the young girl should long for pretty things, gay friends, accomplishments, and a happy life. At the Kings
5、 she daily saw all she wanted, for the childrens older sisters were just out, and Meg caught frequent glimpses of dainty ball dresses and bouquets (花束 ), heard lively gossip about theaters, concerts, sleighing parties, and merrymakings (狂欢 ) of all kinds, and saw money lavished on trifles which woul
6、d have been so precious to her. Poor Meg seldom complained, but a sense of injustice made her feel bitter toward everyone sometimes, for she had not yet learned to know how rich she was in the blessings which alone can make life happy. (3) Jo happened to suit Aunt March, who was lame and needed an a
7、ctive person to wait upon (侍候 ) her. The childless old lady had offered to adopt one of the girls when the troubles came, and was much offended because her offer was declined. Other friends told the Marches that they had lost all chance of being remembered in the rich old ladys will, but the unworld
8、ly Marches only said. (4) “We cant give up our girls for a dozen fortunes. Rich or poor, we will keep together and be happy in one another. “ (5) The old lady wouldnt speak to them for a time, but happening to meet Jo at a friends, something in her comical face and blunt manners struck the old ladys
9、 fancy, and she proposed to take her for a companion. This did not suit Jo at all, but she accepted the place since nothing better appeared and, to everyones surprise, got on remarkably well with her irascible relative. There was an occasional tempest (风波 ), and once Jo marched home, declaring she c
10、ouldnt bear it longer, but Aunt March always cleared up quickly, and sent for her to come back again with such urgency that she could not refuse, for in her heart she rather liked the peppery old lady. (6)I suspect that the real attraction was a large library of fine books, which was left to dust an
11、d spiders since Uncle March died. Jo remembered the kind old gentleman, who used to let her build railroads and bridges with his big dictionaries, tell her stories about queer pictures in his Latin books, and buy her cards of gingerbread (华而不实的东西 ) whenever he met her in the street. The dim, dusty r
12、oom, with the busts (半身像 ) staring down from the tall bookcases, the cozy chairs, the globes, and best of all, the wilderness of books in which she could wander where she liked, made the library a region of bliss to her. (7) The moment Aunt March took her nap, or was busy with company, Jo hurried to
13、 this quiet place, and curling herself up in the easy chair (安乐椅 ), devoured poetry, romance, history, travels, and pictures like a regular bookworm. But, like all happiness, it did not last long, for as sure as she had just reached the heart of the story, the sweetest verse of a song, or the most p
14、erilous adventure of her traveler, a shrill voice called, “ Josy-phine! Josy-phine!“ and she had to leave her paradise to wind yarn (纱线 ) , wash the poodle (贵宾犬 ), or read Belshams Essays by the hour together. (8) Jos ambition was to do something very splendid. What it was, she had no idea as yet, b
15、ut left it for time to tell her, and meanwhile, found her greatest affliction in the fact that she couldnt read, run, and ride as much as she liked. A quick temper, sharp tongue, and restless spirit were always getting her into scrapes, and her life was a series of ups and downs, which were both com
16、ic and pathetic. But the training she received at Aunt Marchs was just what she needed, and the thought that she was doing something to support herself made her happy in spite of the perpetual “Josy-phine!“ (9) Beth was too bashful to go to school. It had been tried, but she suffered so much that it
17、 was given up, and she did her lessons at home with her father. Even when he went away, and her mother was called to devote her skill and energy to Soldiers Aid Societies, Beth went faithfully on by herself and did the best she could. She was a housewifely little creature, and helped Hannah keep hom
18、e neat and comfortable for the workers, never thinking of any reward but to be loved. Long, quiet days she spent, not lonely nor idle, for her little world was peopled with imaginary friends, and she was by nature a busy bee. There were six dolls to be taken up and dressed every morning, for Beth wa
19、s a child still and loved her pets as well as ever. Not one whole or handsome one among them, all were outcasts till Beth took them in, for when her sisters outgrew these idols, they passed to her because Amy would have nothing old or ugly. Beth cherished them all the more tenderly for that very rea
20、son, and set up a hospital for infirm dolls. No pins were ever stuck into their cotton vitals, no harsh words or blows were ever given them, no neglect ever saddened the heart of the most repulsive, but all were fed and clothed, nursed and caressed with an affection which never failed. One forlorn f
21、ragment of dollanity had belonged to Jo and, having led a tempestuous life, was left a wreck in the ragbag, from which dreary poorhouse (救济院 ) it was rescued by Beth and taken to her refuge. Having no top to its head, she tied on a neat little cap, and as both arms and legs were gone, she hid these
22、deficiencies by folding it in a blanket and devoting her best bed to this chronic invalid. If anyone had known the care lavished on that dolly, I think it would have touched their hearts, even while they laughed. She brought it bits of bouquets, she read to it, took it out to breathe fresh air, hidd
23、en under her coat, she sang it lullabies and never went to bed without kissing its dirty face and whispering tenderly, “I hope youll have a goodnight, my poor dear. “ 1 What can be concluded from the first two paragraphs about Margaret? （ A） She found a job without the permission of her parents. （ B
24、） She was discontented since she was poorly paid. （ C） She was exposed to a lavish life in her work. （ D） She was often griping about the unfairness of life. 2 The Marches turned down the proposal of Aunt March because they_. （ A） were not reduced to a difficult life （ B） thought it was not a positi
25、on right for Jo （ C） felt desperate to inherit the old ladys wealth （ D） put more weight on family than money 3 It can be inferred from Para. 5 that_. （ A） Aunt March was a funny old lady （ B） Jo hit the spot with Aunt March （ C） no one could get along with Aunt March （ D） Aunt March had a short tem
26、per 4 The sentence “she was by nature a busy bee“ in the last paragraph is used as a_. （ A） metaphor （ B） personification （ C） metonymy （ D） hyperbole 5 Which of the following statements about the Marches daughters is INCORRECT? （ A） Margaret was nostalgic for the good old days. （ B） Jo was happy th
27、at she could work to support herself. （ C） Beth was a shy girl with little formal education. （ D） Amy was less able to tolerate poverty than her sisters. 5 (1) “Some of my friends think Im a snob,“ admits Christopher Karp, a 20-year-old aviation-management student. Mr. Karp attends the business scho
28、ol at the International University of Applied Sciences (IUBH) in Bad Honnef, a spa town in Germany. Rather than enroll in a free public university like his friends, Mr. Karp borrowed money from his parents to study for a degree at IUBH. He has no regrets. Classes are small. Lecturers know the indust
29、ry he wants to enter; many work for Lufthansa, an airline. He doesnt even mind the shorter holidays. “We pay a lot of money for our studies and we want to make sure we receive a good education,“ he says. (2) Globally, one in three higher-education students is in the private sector, according to Dani
30、el Levy, an academic at the State University of New York. In Europe the figure is only one in seven. But the share is set to rise. According to Parthenon-EY, a consultancy, between 2011 and 2013 the number of students enrolled in private higher education grew at a faster rate than those in the publi
31、c sector. In Turkey the private sector increased by 22% over that period, compared with 14% in the public sector; in Germany by 13% versus 7% ; in France by 3% versus 1% and in Spain by 6% compared with no growth in the public sector at all. In Britain, the number of higher-education students attend
32、ing an “alternative provider“ has climbed from 142,000 in 2009 to around 200,000 now. (3) Disruption is nothing new for European higher education. In the 16th century Martin Luther, a scholastic entrepreneur of sorts, said universities would be “ the great gates of hell“ if they did not teach script
33、ure. But the appeal of studying in old buildings, combined with free tuition and regulatory barriers to entry, have sheltered the public sector from competition. (4) This is now starting to change. One reason is that private providers, including ones out to make a profit, are increasingly attractive
34、 to those who might have once gone straight into a job after school. Many do not take well to straight academic life. Nearly half of French students who pass their baccalaureate exam and enter university do not pass their second year. These sorts of students are starting to “buy differently“ , says
35、Matthew Robb of Parthenon-EY. They want courses that offer a clear progression to a career. (5) Companies are also turning to private universities, further boosting their growth. IUBH offers a “dual studies“ hospitality degree, paid for by hotels, whereby students spend alternate weeks on campus and
36、 at work. Even its standard degree features a 22-week internship. Other private university groups offer tailored MBAs in sectors such as the wine business, which distinguish them from their more traditional rivals. “We cannot compete with Harvard but we can do better than chambers of commerce,“ says
37、 Bertrand Pivin, a partner in Apax, a private-equity fund which owns INSEEC, a French business-school group. (6) International students are also swelling the ranks of private providers. There are 4. 5m international higher-education students worldwide, a number that is expected to rise to 7m-8m by 2
38、025. Americas State Department wants to double the number of American students abroad from 300,000 to 600,000 by 2020. European countries are popular destinations, both for students from other parts of the continent, and those from elsewhere. Its fashionable abroad (7) The Istituto Marangoni fashion
39、 school in Milan, which with its modernist furniture is as chic as one of the boutiques near the campus, is opening outposts in Florence and Shenzhen this year, adding to those in Paris, London and Shanghai. In Milan foreign students account for 70% of those enrolled, with Chinese students the bigge
40、st group. Many are well-off: annual fees start at 13,600 ($ 15,400) for a degree-level qualification, rising to 32,000 for a “fashion elite“ course. (8) Some European governments are starting to welcome private colleges. The Italian government should start to accredit degrees from the Istituto Maran
41、goni this year. In Britain, the government will soon say how it intends to ensure that good alternative providers thrive and dodgy ones die. After Germany ended its eight-year experiment with tuition fees at public universities in 2014, the government has become more open to the idea of entrepreneur
42、s stepping in, argues Patrick Geus, who teaches at IUBH. (9) More countries are likely to follow, as many will have to start spending less on universities. “France is completely broke,“ says Mr. Pivin of Apax. This will create an incentive to offload more costs on to students, creating opportunities
43、 for investors from outside Europe, he thinks. Investors in education are also keen to diversify after scandals in private universities dented the American market, says Andrew Rosen of Kaplan, an education company. Some providers were accused of recruiting students with little regard for their acade
44、mic ability or financial situation. Classes at a university founded by Donald Trump allegedly focused largely on persuading students to sign up for more expensive courses. (10) America offers lessons for Europe. The decline of for-profit higher education is one reason Barack Obama could oversee a fa
45、ll in the share of 18- to 24-year-olds attending university, argues Mr. Rosen. It need not be like this. Students can benefit from being treated as consumers. But regulation is needed. Providers should be transparent about admissions and employment data. Failing private colleges should be shut down.
46、 Across Europe, students are looking beyond traditional options when deciding their future. Governments should be equally open-minded. 6 The following statements about Christopher Karp can be concluded from the first paragraph EXCEPT that_. （ A） he is studying at a private university in Germany （ B）
47、 his parents lent him the money needed for his study （ C） he doesnt have many classmates in class （ D） his tuition fee for the degree study is high 7 Which of the following two countries have the same growth rate difference according to Parthenon-EY? （ A） Turkey and Germany. （ B） France and Spain. （
48、 C） Germany and Spain. （ D） Turkey and France. 8 The following are factors that drive the development of private universities EXCEPT_. （ A） low barriers to entry （ B） their appeal to high school graduates （ C） investment from companies （ D） the growing number of overseas students 9 It can be conclud
49、ed from Para. 8 that the German government is_ towards private higher education. （ A） indifferent （ B） neutral （ C） negative （ D） positive 9 (1) Dating is a treacherous business. There may be plenty of fish in the sea, yet many are unhygienic, self-absorbed , disconcertingly attached to ex-fish, or fans of Donald Trump. Digital dating sites, including a growing array of matchmaking apps, are meant to help. Their design owes more to hard-nosed economics than it does to the mysteries of the heart. (2) In a sense, searching for a m
