1、专业英语四级模拟试卷 160及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION (15 MIN) Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage
2、 will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minute SECTION A CONVERSATIONS Directions: In this section you will hear several conver
3、sations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 2 What was the womans problem? （ A） She felt embarrassed in class. （ B） Her presentation received a poor grade. （ C） She had not completed her assignment. （ D） She was unable to attend her psychology class. 3 W
4、hat does the man say about children? （ A） They blush more readily than women do. （ B） Theyre uncomfortable performing in front of adults. （ C） They dont respond to stress well. （ D） They blush less frequently than adults do. 4 Why does the man mention his friend Brian? （ A） To introduce the woman to
5、 someone who has researched blushing. （ B） To illustrate the benefits of a public-speaking class. （ C） To give an example of someone who blushes easily. （ D） To explain a way to overcome blushing. 5 How did the woman learn about the process she describes? （ A） She was doing research for a paper on i
6、t. （ B） She read a newspaper article about it. （ C） She was told about it by her roommate. （ D） She heard about it in class. 6 In the process described by the woman, why is the coal burned? （ A） To produce a gas containing carbon and hydrogen. （ B） To remove impurities from methanol. （ C） To heat th
7、e reactors. （ D） To prevent dangerous gases from forming. 7 What does the woman mention as a disadvantage of the process she describes? （ A） It hasnt been fully tested. （ B） Its quite expensive. （ C） It uses up scarce minerals. （ D） The gas it produces is harmful to the environment. 8 What are the s
8、tudents mainly discussing? （ A） Places the man has visited. （ B） A paper the woman is writing for a class. （ C） School activities they enjoy. （ D） The womans plans for the summer, 9 What does the man find surprising about the woman? （ A） She has never been to Gettysburg. （ B） She took a political sc
9、ience course. （ C） Her family still goes on vacation together. （ D） Shes interested in the United States Civil War, 10 What is the woman unable to remember? （ A） Why her parents wanted to go to Gettysburg. （ B） Why her familys vacation plans changed ten years ago. （ C） Where her family went for a va
10、cation ten years ago. （ D） When her family went on their last vacation. 11 What docs the woman imply about Gettysburg? （ A） Its far from where she lives. （ B） Her family went there without her. （ C） She doesnt know a lot about it. （ D） Shes excited about going there. SECTION B PASSAGES Directions: I
11、n this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 12 According to the passage, what does the burning torch symbolize? （ A） The link with the games in ancient Greece. （ B） The link with the god, Zeus. （ C） The link with Baron P
12、ierre de Goubertin. （ D） The link with the five colors. 13 What is the right order of the five colors mentioned in this passage? （ A） Red, blue, yellow, black and green. （ B） Blue, yellow, red, green and black. （ C） Yellow, blue, black, green and red. （ D） Blue, yellow, black, green and red. 14 In w
13、hich year were the Olympic Games discontinued? （ A） AD776. （ B） AD393. （ C） AD1896. （ D） AD793. 15 What did the American government do when the countrys airline industry was in trouble? （ A） It took steps to restructure the industry. （ B） It went out to boost the competition of the industry. （ C） It
14、 helped the industry by offering tax preference. （ D） It provided the industry with cash and loan guarantees. 16 What was the outcome of the policy of the American government toward the airline industry? （ A） It proved successful. （ B） It was a futile effort. （ C） It led to a mixed result. （ D） It w
15、as not encouraging. 17 What steps have been taken by big airlines according to the passage? （ A） To reduce air fares. （ B） To streamline airline structures. （ C） To readjust their marketing strategy. （ D） To pursue marketing alliances. 18 What is the talk mainly about? （ A） How artists gained fame.
16、（ B） A schedule of art exhibits. （ C） One form of folk art. （ D） The preservation of old paintings, 19 According to the speaker, why is it difficult to find calendar pictures that are in good condition? （ A） Very few were produced. （ B） Most were kept only a short time. （ C） Most were printed on del
17、icate paper. （ D） Many have been acquired by collectors. 20 What was the theme of many early wildlife calendars? （ A） The excitement of hunting. （ B） The beauty of nature. （ C） The relaxation of fishing. （ D） The protection of endangered species. 21 According to the speaker, why did artists want to
18、produce work for calendars? （ A） To let many people see their works. （ B） To earn money from the sale of calendars. （ C） To portray the cruelty of hunting. （ D） To create gifts for people who bought their paintings. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section, you will hear several news ite
19、ms. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 22 The meeting of international donor community is held for_ days. （ A） 2 （ B） 3 （ C） 4 （ D） 5 23 The meeting in Japan is aimed at_. （ A） calling for more nations to contribute money （ B） collecting more money （ C） making a plan
20、 for East Timor s reconstruction （ D） sharing the required money among donor countries 24 The World Bank is seeking_ million dollars for the reconstruction of East Timor. （ A） 100 （ B） 200 （ C） 300 （ D） 350 25 Japans aid will be donated through a fund set up by_. （ A） the WTO （ B） the World Bank （ C
21、） the UN （ D） the World Bank and the UN 26 In israel, a politically powerful Jewish religious leader is trying to _. （ A） make a statement Sunday （ B） reduce public anger （ C） incite public anger （ D） provoke public anger 27 The Party recently withdrew from Mr. Baraks coalition government, saying _.
22、 （ A） Mr. Barak made no concession to the Palestinians （ B） the rabbi made no concession to the Palestinians （ C） Mr. Bar all else is _. （ A） embellishment （ B） accommodation （ C） entertainment （ D） luxury 84 The Metropolitan Police will no longer describe black people as black, as part of a new att
23、empt to counter charges of racism in the force. Both black and Asian people will in future be referred to as “visible minority ethnics“. The term, which replaces the phrase “black and Asian minority ethnics“ is expected to be adopted officially in January. The decision was criticized yesterday as un
24、necessary and confusing by black police officers. Anna Scott, the general secretary of the National Black Police Association, said it amounted to a step too far by the “political correctness“ movement. “We have gone from saying black ethnic minority to black minority ethnic to visible minority ethni
25、c in a matter of years,“ she said. “There has been so much emphasis on the issue of terminology, that the issue has become confusing for black police officers, let alone white ones . We are risking becoming too politically correct at the expense of being clearly understood by officers and the genera
26、l public.“ A senior police official told The Telegraph that some white officers were using the phrase so that they would avoid saying the words “black“ or “Asian“, for fear of causing offence. The official claimed that the term would allow these communities to be distinguished for others such as the
27、 Irish and the Greeks whose members are, according to the new terminology, “invisible“ because they tend to be light-skinned . In the 1960s, the phrase “colored“ was officially used by some police forces. By the 1970s, this had changed to “black“ to describe people whose ancestors originated from th
28、e Caribbean and Africa and “Asian for those who originated from the Indian subcontinent. The phrase “ethnic minority“ was also widely used as a collective term for both groups, but this was dropped in favor of “minority ethnic“ five years ago, promising criticism that it was an improper use of Engli
29、sh. Bernard Lamb, the chairman of the London branch of the Queens English Society, said that the new description was grammatically incorrect and over-sensitive. “I do not like this new term at all. The word ethnic is an adjective and you cannot pluralize an adjective,“ he said. “They seem to have us
30、ed a euphemism for black and Asian when I imagine most black and Asian people do not mind the empty words themselves at all.“ The change will cost a significant sum of public money in retraining officers and rewriting manuals and a spokesman for the Metropolitan Police said that some senior officers
31、 were already using the term. The spokesman said that the new term was not a redefinition but was meant to standardize the phraseology used by the police. “Concerns have been raised about the nature and range of terms used in papers presented to the authority when discussing ethnicity.“ “To ensure t
32、hat there is a uniform approach and understanding of terminology used in future, and that offence is avoided, the January meeting of the authoritys equal opportunities and diversity board will make decisions about the terminology we expect to use,“ he said . 85 The word “promising“ in Line 2, Para.
33、8 can be replaced by _. （ A） giving rise to （ B） indicating （ C） guaranteeing （ D） ignoring 86 For Bernard Lamb, the shift from “ethnic minority“ to “minority ethnic“ （ A） is condemned by all the classes （ B） has no essential improvement at all （ C） is no more than a trend of degradation or back up
34、（ D） reflects the conflict between the authority and the minorities 87 Why in Lambs eyes most black and Asian people do not mind the words at all? （ A） They have been fed up with such word play and tricks. （ B） They know that there is no substantial change at all. （ C） What they care is the associat
35、ion of the words, not the words themselves. （ D） They are apathetic to such political issues, for they are so far from them. 88 The author takes a(an) _ stance to the shift of names. （ A） critical （ B） objective （ C） indifferent （ D） sarcastic 89 The article is most possibly taken from _. （ A） an en
36、cyclopedia, （ B） a report in a newspaper. （ C） a periodical on terminology standardization. （ D） a policemen guide. 89 Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincidental relationship between them. The high Himalayas and
37、the Tibetan plateau certainly have extraordinary physical characteristics and the cultures that are found there are also unusual, though not unique. However there is no intention of adopting Montesquieus view of climate and soil as cultural determents. The ecology of a region merely poses some of th
38、e problems faced by the inhabitants of the region, and while the problems facing a culture are important to its development, they do not determine it. The appearance of the Himalayas during the late Tertiary Period and the accompanying further raising of the previously established rages had a marked
39、 effect on the climate of the region. Primarily, of course, it blocked the Indian monsoon from reaching Central Asia at all. Secondly, air and moisture from other directions were also reduced. Prior to the raising of the Himalayas, the land now forming the Tibetan uplands had a dry, continental clim
40、ate with vegetation and animals life similar to that of much of the rest of the region on the same parallel, but somewhat different from that of the areas farther north, which were already drier . With the coming of the Himalayas and the relatively sudden drying out of the region, there was a severe
41、 thinning out of the animal and plant population. The ensuing incomplete Pleistocene glaciations had a further thinning effect, but significantly did not wipe out life in the area. Thus after the end of the glaciations there were only a few varieties of life extant from the original continental spec
42、ies. Isolated by the Kunlun range from the Tarim basin and Turfan depression, species that had already adapted to the dry steppe climate, and would otherwise have been expected to flourish in Tibetan, the remaining native fauna and flora multiplied . Armand de scribed the Tibetan fauna as not having
43、 great variety, but being “striking“ in the abundance of the particular species that are present. The plant life is similarly limited in variety, with some observers finding no more than seventy varieties of plants in even the relatively fertile Eastern Tibetan valleys, with fewer than ten food crop
44、s. Tibetan “tea“ is a major staple, perhaps replacing the unavailable vegetables. The difficulties of living in an environment at once dry and cold, and populated with species more usually found in more hospitable climates, are great. These difficulties may well have influenced the unusual polyandro
45、us societies typical of the region. Lattimore sees the maintenance of multi-husband households as being preserved from earlier forms by the harsh conditions of the Tibetan uplands, which permitted no experimentation and “froze“ the cultures that came there. Kawakiwa, on the other hand, sees the poly
46、andry as a way of easily permitting the best householder to become the head husband regardless of age. His de tailed studies of the Bhotea village of Tsumje do seem to support this idea of polyandry as a method of talent mobility in a situation where even the best talent is barely enough for surviva
47、l. In sum, though arguments can be made that a pre-existing polyandrous system was strengthened and preserved (insofar as it has been) by the rigors of the land, it would certainly be an overstatement to lay causative factors of any stronger nature to the ecological influences in this case . 90 What
48、 are the “unusual traits or situations“ referred to in the first sentence? （ A） Patterns of animals and plant growth. （ B） Food and food preparation patterns of the upland Tibetans. （ C） Social and familial organization of typical Tibetan society. （ D） Extraordinary physical characteristics and the
49、cultures. 91 According to the passage, which of the following would probably be the most agreeable to Montesquieu? （ A） All regions have different soils and thus, different cultures. （ B） Some regions with similar climates will have similar culture. （ C） Cultures in the same area, sharing soil and climate, will be essentially identical. （ D） The plants of a country, by being the food of its people, cause the people to have similar views to one another. 92 The species of fauna and flora remaining i
