1、专业英语四级模拟试卷 171及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION (15 MIN) Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage
2、 will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minute SECTION A CONVERSATIONS Directions: In this section you will hear several conver
3、sations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 2 Why does the woman come to the business center? （ A） She wants to fax her reports. （ B） She intends to have a talk with the manager of the center. （ C） She wants to find a translator. （ D） She comes here to d
4、eal with a business. 3 What happened to the womans English interpreter? （ A） She is not qualified enough. （ B） She has been iii. （ C） She has a bad fever. （ D） She has a traffic accident. 4 Which one is TRUE to the conversation? （ A） Russian, French, German and English interpreters are available. （
5、B） $ 45 per day is charged for the interpreters service. （ C） A medical conference is to be held in the business center. （ D） Ms. Brown is in Room 1204. 5 What is the conversation mainly about? （ A） The writing skills of Ernest Hemingway. （ B） The life and profession of Hemmingway. （ C） The hardship
6、 suffered by Hemingway. （ D） Hemingways theme and writing style. 6 What is NOT the feature of Hemingways heroes? （ A） Pay no attention to others feelings. （ B） In face of defeat they continue to fight with the despairing courage. （ C） They cannot find the meaning of life. （ D） They often have stoic
7、endurance and fight in vain. 7 We learn from the conversation all EXCEPT that _. （ A） The man and the woman are close friends. （ B） . Hemingway is a coward because he committed suicide. （ C） Hemingways works have great influence on people. （ D） The world created by Hemingway is full of tragedy and h
8、opelessness. SECTION B PASSAGES Directions: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 8 What is the original meaning of the tip? （ A） It is to reward the efforts of good service. （ B） It is a promise of on-time servic
9、e. （ C） It is used to reduce uncomfortable feelings of inequality. （ D） It serves no useful function. 9 Tipping in America now is regarded as all the following EXCEPT _. （ A） the index of ones status in a sense （ B） part of the accepted cost of a service （ C） a reflection of their character （ D） a k
10、ind of personal attitude 10 According to the passage we know tipping cannot be explained _. （ A） economically （ B） culturally （ C） psychologically （ D） biologically 11 About _ American homes have the habit of keeping pets. （ A） 43% （ B） 57% （ C） 75% （ D） 25% 12 What is the purpose of the animal welf
11、are organizations? （ A） To make people realize that pets have a right to be treated well. （ B） To offer care and adoption services for homeless and abused animals. （ C） To buy health insurance for their pets. （ D） To bury the pets in a respectable pet cemetery. 13 Which is NOT the possible function
12、of keeping pet? （ A） Lowering a persons blood pressure. （ B） Preparing a young couple for the responsibilities of parenthood. （ C） Encouraging social relationships. （ D） Indicating the owners social status and wealth. 14 According to the research by NASA, an afternoon nap _. （ A） can greatly improve
13、 the efficiency of work （ B） can fall into a deep sleep and will wake up groggy （ C） makes people suffer a decline in their alertness （ D） is an admission of weakness 15 How long will be the optimal span of the nap? （ A） About three quarters. （ B） No more than an hour. （ C） Less than half an hour. （
14、 D） Fifteen minutes. 16 Maximum alertness was normally achieved _. （ A） form8-11 a.m. and9-12p.m. （ B） between3 p.m. and5 p.m. （ C） form9-11 a.m. and9-11p.m. （ D） between8-20a, m. andT-9p.m. 17 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? （ A） The longer the sleep is, the more
15、 productive the staff is. （ B） Napping cannot be applied to safety-critical jobs. （ C） The research was first designed for the astronauts. （ D） If you sleep more hours awake you are more productive. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to the
16、m carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 18 What is NOT correct about the British High Commission in Nigeria? （ A） It turned down 85 percent of the applications. （ B） The commission hardly can deal with the heavy workload. （ C） Its ban is only a temporary act. （ D） Its office is to be
17、reorganized. 19 Which one is NOT true about the big fire? （ A） Five thousand hectares of pine woodland were destroyed. （ B） Hundreds of villagers had to leave their homes. （ C） Three people were dead in the fire. （ D） It was still out of control. 20 Why did the forest fires become more acute this ye
18、ar? （ A） It was because of the lack of sufficient resources. （ B） It was because of the worst drought and the heat wave. （ C） . It was because of the long time strong winds. （ D） It was because of the neglect of duty of the officials. 21 The demonstration is to （ A） ask for the withdraw of America t
19、roops from Iraq （ B） appeal to kill the former leader （ C） call for more human rights （ D） ask for working conditions improvement 22 Which one is NOT the protesters requirement? （ A） End of the occupation of Iraq. （ B） Release of all the Iraqi prisoners. （ C） The trial of Saddam. （ D） New leaders mu
20、st be elected by themselves. 23 What can we know about the package of incentives? （ A） They aimed at winning the Londoners support. （ B） Athlete training is included in the package. （ C） Transport costs are not covered in them. （ D） The package is launched l0 weeks before the d 24 Why is the package
21、 withdrawn? （ A） Because Londoners do not want such corruption （ B） Because the taxpayer deny such an action. （ C） Because of the urge warning from IOC （ D） Because of the discontentment from other candidates, 二、 PART III CLOZE (15 MIN) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decid
22、e which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. 24 Its said the most exciting kind of education is also the most personal. Nothing can 【 C1】 _ the joy of discovering something important to you. It may be an idea or a bit of information you
23、【 C2】 _ accidentally or a sudden 【 C3】 _ , fitting together pieces of in formation or working through a problem. Such personal 【 C4】_ are the “payoff“ in education. A teacher may 【 C5】 _ you to learning and even encourage you in it but no teacher can make the excitement hap pen. Thats 【 C6】 _ to you
24、. A research paper, 【 C7】 _ in a course and perhaps checked at various stages by an instructor, 【 C8】 _ you beyond classrooms, beyond the texts for classes and into a 【 C9】 _ where the joy of discover and learning can come to you many times. 【 C10】 _ the research paper is an active and ideal individ
25、ual learning process. It provided a structure 【 C11】 _ which you can make exciting discoveries, of knowledge and of self. But it also gives you a chance to individualize a school assignment, to 【 C12】 _ a piece of work to your own interests and abilities, to show others 【 C13】 _ you can do. Writing
26、a research paper is more than just a class room exercise, its an experience in 【 C14】 _ out, understanding and synthesizing, which forms the basis of many skills 【 C15】 _ to both academic and nonacademic tasks. It is, a discovering education. So, to produce a good research paper is both a useful and
27、 a thoroughly 【 C16】 _ experience! To some, the thought of having to write an as signed number of pages, often more than ever produced 【 C17】 _ , is disconcerting. To others, the idea of having to work 【 C18】 _ is threatening. But theres no need to approach the research paper assignment with anxiety
28、, and nobody should view the research paper as an obstacle to 【 C19】 _ . Instead, consider it a goal to 【 C20】 _ , a goal within reach. 25 【 C1】 （ A） exceed （ B） beat （ C） intervene （ D） terminate 26 【 C2】 （ A） go in for （ B） catch at （ C） run into （ D） come on to 27 【 C3】 （ A） insight （ B） relaxati
29、on （ C） enchantment （ D） relief 28 【 C4】 （ A） sentiments （ B） separations （ C） encounters （ D） segregations 29 【 C5】 （ A） help （ B） repel （ C） compel （ D） direct 30 【 C6】 （ A） on （ B） by （ C） up （ D） with 31 【 C7】 （ A） assigning （ B） assigned （ C） attached （ D） attaching 32 【 C8】 （ A） alienates （ B）
30、 intervenes （ C） retreats （ D） leads 33 【 C9】 （ A） process （ B） interface （ C） interaction （ D） procedure 34 【 C10】 （ A） Plotting （ B） Designing （ C） Preparing （ D） Molding 35 【 C11】 （ A） outside （ B） within （ C） without （ D） upon 36 【 C12】 （ A） haunt （ B） hunt （ C） validate （ D） suit 37 【 C13】 （ A）
31、 which （ B） what （ C） how （ D） that 38 【 C14】 （ A） searching （ B） scouting （ C） plundering （ D） stretching 39 【 C15】 （ A） liable （ B） concise （ C） chronic （ D） applicable 40 【 C16】 （ A） sacred （ B） satisfying （ C） interesting （ D） grievous 41 【 C17】 （ A） later （ B） beforehand （ C） afterwards （ D） be
32、fore 42 【 C18】 （ A） separately （ B） deliberately （ C） independently （ D） definitely 43 【 C19】 （ A） surrender （ B） overcome （ C） exclude （ D） shudder 44 【 C20】 （ A） transcend （ B） crash （ C） accomplish （ D） beat 三、 PART IV GRAMMAR (b) individuals tend to react and adapt in different ways to the stres
33、sors they are presented, and (c) some form of physical and/or psychological responses will occur. Therefore, internal characteristics may determine physical and emotional responses exhibited by individuals as a result of stressors. There are two distinct types of stressors, those without and within.
34、 Without stressors originate outside individuals and include such things as environmental or work-related demands. Within stressors are those from within individuals. These stressors tend to include individuals personal values, attitudes, and self-concepts. There are three major types of stressors:
35、environmental, organizational, and individual. Stressors are found to emerge from the environment and individuals. Internal characteristics would be stressors from within individuals. Internal characteristics are identified in numerous documents and cited as major sources of individual stress. Resea
36、rchers have found that internal characteristics could contribute to individuals susceptibility m stress and that these factors may even dictate how individuals handle the stress that they encounter; they state that internal characteristics actually contribute to the amount of stress individuals are
37、able to tolerate. A large number of the negative experiences of beginning vocational individuals emerge from internal characteristics. The role-related stress is a function of the individuals personality and job preparation. Perceived professional competence has been found to be a source of stress f
38、or many individuals. Individuals have been known to experience stress because of their lack of occupational confidence in a particular work or particular environment. Rapid changes in the world and technologies have caused individuals to feel incompetent and experience stress due to their inability
39、to always remain current and up-to-date in their areas of expertise. Job satisfaction and individual stress are found to be strongly correlated. The amount of stress and degree of job satisfaction experienced by individuals directly influence the quality of individual work life. A list of events rev
40、ealed recently is closely related to individuals life satisfaction that could affect their stress and performance at work. These events included marriage, divorce, pregnancy, death of a loved one, and change of residence. 70 According to the author of this passage, the term “stress“ can be defined a
41、s （ A） an individuals response to an external action. （ B） a process of ones adaptation to the situation. （ C） a demand an external situation places on a person. （ D） physical and psychological demands on a person. 71 Which of the following is NOT included as the three concepts involved in the study
42、 of stress? （ A） Situational demands. （ B） Different ways of reaction and adaptation. （ C） Forms of ones different responses. （ D） Individuals tendency lo the stressors. 72 Which is NOT the stressor found to emerge from within the individual himself? （ A） Organizational stresses. （ B） Personal value
43、s. （ C） Personal attitudes. （ D） Self-concepts. 73 Which of the following is NOT to be a source of stress, according to the author of this passage? （ A） Rapid changes in the world and technologies. （ B） Perceived professional competence. （ C） Work-related environments. （ D） Rash personality characte
44、ristics. 73 The History of the Atomic Bomb On August 2, 1939, just before the beginning of World War , Albert Einstein wrote to then President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Einstein and several other scientists told Roosevelt of efforts in Nazi Germany to purify uranium-235, which could be used to build an
45、 atomic bomb. It was shortly thereafter that the United States Government began the serious undertaking known then only as “The Manhattan Project.“ Simply put, the Manhattan Project was committed to expediting research that would produce a viable atomic bomb. The most complicated issue to be address
46、ed in making of an atomic bomb was the production of ample amounts of “enriched“ uranium to sustain a chain reaction. At the time, uranium-235 was very hard to extract. In fact, the ratio of conversion from uranium ore to uranium metal is 500:1. Compounding this, the one part of uranium that is fina
47、lly refined from the ore is over 99% uranium-238, which is practically useless for an atomic bomb. To make the task even more difficult, the useful U-235 and nearly useless U-238 are isotopes (同位素 ), nearly identical in their chemical makeup. No ordinary chemical extraction method could separate the
48、m; only mechanical methods could work. A massive enrichment laboratory/plant was constructed at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Harold C. Urey and his colleagues at Columbia University devised an extraction system that worked on the principle of gaseous diffusion, and Ernest O. Lawrence (inventor of the Cyclo
49、tron) at the University of California in Berkeley implemented a process involving magnetic separation of the two isotopes. Next, a gas centrifuge was used to further separate the lighter U-235 from the heavier, non fissionable U-238. Once all of these procedures had been completed, all that needed to be done was to put to the test the entire concept behind atomic fission (“splitting the atom,“ in laymans terms).
