1、专业英语四级(动词、名词、形容词、副词辨析)模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN) Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1 He spends hours_out of the win
2、dow when he should be working. ( A) gazing ( B) glancing ( C) glimpsing ( D) glaring 2 The groom was so nervous that he forgot to_his bride. ( A) supplement ( B) complement ( C) compliment ( D) accompany 3 Many car accidents can_from carelessness. ( A) rise ( B) arise ( C) arouse ( D) raise 4 They w
3、ere_by a sense of trouble ahead. ( A) opposed ( B) suppressed ( C) repressed ( D) oppressed 5 The only light in the room was a faintly_candle. ( A) glinting ( B) glistening ( C) glittering ( D) glimmering 6 Cholera is_through contaminated water. ( A) transferred ( B) transplanted ( C) transported (
4、D) transmitted 7 I thoroughly_of what the government is doing. ( A) approve ( B) consent ( C) assent ( D) agree 8 When we entered the room, we found that the books had been snatched from the bookshelves and_all over the floor. ( A) spread ( B) scattered ( C) sprayed ( D) sprinkled 9 In an attempt to
5、_electricity, the buildings owners are cutting down on their central heating. ( A) reserve ( B) deserve ( C) conserve ( D) preserve 10 The report_him from all blame for the accident. ( A) resolved ( B) absolved ( C) dissolved ( D) solved 11 If the heavy rain had_with an extreme high tide, severe flo
6、oding would have resulted. ( A) coincided ( B) conformed ( C) complied ( D) collided 12 He felt they were_him by making him wash the dishes. ( A) declining ( B) degenerating ( C) deteriorating ( D) degrading 13 I spent the afternoon in the garden, watching my 2-year-old niece_after her puppy. ( A) s
7、taggering ( B) stumbling ( C) toddling ( D) tottering 14 He_his old house with a view to selling it at a profit. ( A) restored ( B) renovated ( C) renewed ( D) revived 15 She_while she was getting out of the bath. ( A) skated ( B) skidded ( C) slid ( D) slipped 16 The town was flooded when the river
8、 burst its banks. To make it worse, the storm_outside. ( A) raided ( B) ragged ( C) raged ( D) reaped 17 My new laptop can_information much more quickly than my old computer. ( A) proceed ( B) precede ( C) produce ( D) process 18 The countrys failure to abide by the Kyoto Protocol was_in all newspap
9、ers. ( A) announced ( B) denounced ( C) renounced ( D) trounced 19 The company has_over three decades into a multi-million dollar organization. ( A) evolved ( B) revolved ( C) involved ( D) devolved 20 We would like to_our customers of the best possible service. ( A) assure ( B) ensure ( C) insure (
10、 D) ensue 21 The government has promised to offer 10 million of emergency food aid to help_the famine in this region. ( A) release ( B) relate ( C) reveal ( D) relieve 22 The course _ two years training into six intensive months. ( A) impresses ( B) compresses ( C) depresses ( D) represses 23 Penalt
11、ies for not paying your taxes are_by law. ( A) subscribed ( B) described ( C) transcribed ( D) prescribed 24 The Dutch have_a lot of land from the sea by draining it and enclosing it with sea walls. ( A) exclaimed ( B) claimed ( C) reclaimed ( D) acclaimed 25 Make sure you pour the juice into the gl
12、ass without_it. ( A) splitting ( B) spilling ( C) spinning ( D) spitting 26 The vast majority of people in any culture_to the established standard of that culture. ( A) confine ( B) conform ( C) confront ( D) confirm 27 Despite her professional success, she is always_by her husband. ( A) overtaken (
13、 B) overthrown ( C) overshadowed ( D) overflown 28 The cost-cutting measures include_administrative procedures in the company. ( A) streamlining ( B) outlining ( C) declining ( D) inclining 29 The father_shouting at the children and promised never to do it again. ( A) repelled ( B) dispelled ( C) re
14、pealed ( D) repented 30 The substantial majority of people are_the government with failing to curb the economic decline. ( A) approaching ( B) reproaching ( C) reproducing ( D) approving 专业英语四级(动词、名词、形容词、副词辨析)模拟试卷 2答案与解析 一、 PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN) Directions: There are thirty sentences
15、 in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 gaze尤指 “(长时间无意识地,出神地 )盯着看,凝视,或是 (因惊讶、憧憬、喜悦、感兴趣等 )注视,凝视 ”,后一般接 aVon upon into等,如:gaze into the distance凝眸远眺; He gazed on the lion
16、 in wonder他惊奇地注视着那只狮子。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 compliment意为 “赞美,恭维,祝贺 ”,一般用于以下词组:compliment sb on sth,如: I complimented her on her new dress我对她的新裙子称赞了一番。其名词也是 compliment,词组如下: pay make a compliment to sb on sth为某事赞美 (或恭维 )某人。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 3 【正 确答案】 B 【试题解析】 四个动词词形上极为相似,词意上也较易混淆。 arise表示
17、 “发生,产生 ”,如: New problems arose新问题产生了,而 arise from指 “由 引起,由 产生 ”,如: His illness arose from malnutrition他的病是营养不良引起的。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 oppress指 “使 (某人、心情等 )沉重,使苦闷,使难过,使烦恼 ”,通常用被动,跟介词 by with,如: We were oppressed by the unpleasant climate我们被讨厌的气候弄得很烦恼。此外, oppress还可指 “(权力、政治等 )压迫、折磨 (某人
18、 )”,如: The people have been oppressed by a ruthless tyrant for decades百姓们这几十年来一直受着一个残忍的暴君的压迫。 【知识模块】 动词形 似义近辨析 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 四个动词均表示 “发光 ”的含义。鉴于此句出现 “faintly”,故推断房间灯光微弱,只有 glimmer符合句意,因为唯独 glimmer指 “发微光,发出闪烁的微光 ”。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 四个单词均有 “移动,转移 ”的含义,但是题干指疾病的传播,只有transmit表示 “传播,传
19、染 (疾病 )”,如: This infection is transmitted by flies这种传染病是由苍蝇传 播的。此外, transmit还可指 “传送 (信号、信息等 ),播放 (节目 )”,如: The presidents speech was transmitted live to the nation总统的演说在全同进行了现场直播。其名词形式为 transmission。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 四个单词都表示 “赞成,赞同 ”,但只有 approve后接 of,其反义词为 disapprove,名词为 approval。如:
20、 Mother doesnt approve of her smoking母亲不赞同她吸烟。 consent表示 “同意,答应,允许 ”, consent to sth doing sth,如: She readily consented to my request她欣然答应了我的要求; assent也表示 “同意,赞成 (提案、意见等 )”,如: The committee assented to the plan to build an expressway委员会同意了建造高速公路的计划; agree同样后接 to,表示 “同意,赞成,接受 ”,如: She reluctantly agr
21、eed to my suggestion她勉强同意了我的建议。显然,其他三个动词均和 to搭配使用,不符合题干要求。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 四个单词都有 “撒 ”的含义,但根据题干,书凌乱地散落在地板上,可以推断出只有 scatter较符合句意。 scatter意为 “散布,把 撒得到处都是 ”,强调到处,毫无章法,乱七八糟。如: Davids possessions were scattered on the desk戴维的个 人物品凌乱地堆放在写字台上。词组如下: scatter A(名词 )+onover B (名词 )=scatter B(
22、名词 )十 with A(名词 ),如: The children scattered the floor with sand孩子们把沙子撒在地板上。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 9 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 conserve表示 “节省,节约使用 ”,如: They made themselves wait quietly, conserving their strength他 们让自己安静地等着,以节省体力。该词还可表示 “保护,保存 ”,如: We must conserve our forests for our future generations我们必须为子孙后代保护森林
23、资源。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 10 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 absolve sb from of sth尤指 “(在宗教或法律中 )豁免 (罪过 ),免除 (罪名、过失、责任、义务等 )”,如: The priest absolved him of all his sins神父赦免了他 的所有罪过。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 11 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 四个动词均与介词 with搭配使用,且选项 A、 B和 C都有 “符合,一致 ”的含义,但是根据题意,只有 A正确。因为 coincide还可表示 “同时发生,巧合 ”,如: I couldnt go to s
24、ee him off because his departure would coincide with an important conference我没法去为他送行,因为他走时我正好有个重要的会议。当 coincide表示 “相符合,相一致 ”时,通常指 “意见、兴趣相符 ”,如: This coincided with my own private opinion这正好与我的个人意见相吻合。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 12 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 四个动词都以 de-开头,且意义相近。 degrade表示 “降低 的身份,使丢人,贬低某人 ”,如: I felt degra
25、ded by having to ask for money我出于无奈向别人要钱而自觉有失尊严。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨 析 13 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 四个动词均表示 “蹒跚地行走,摇摇晃晃地走 ”,但是只有 toddle特指 “(小孩学步等 )蹒跚行走 ”,如: A child toddled towards me on the sidewalk一个小孩在人行道上向我蹒跚走来。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 14 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 renovate表示 “(尤指房子 )修复,修整 如新 ”,强调把 (房子等 )翻新,使其恢复原来良好的状态,如: renova
26、te old furniture把旧 家具整修如新。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 15 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 四个动词均含有 “滑 ”的意思,但是略有不同。 slip表示 “不小心滑倒 ”,比方说步行或奔跑时滑倒,如: He slipped on the ice and fell他在冰上滑倒了。 【知识模块】 动词形似义近辨析 16 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 四个单词在形式上比较相近,但意思却大相径庭。 rage表示 “(风 )狂吹, (浪 )汹涌, (战争、争论等 )激烈进行 ”,如: The argument over the new airport is still
27、raging关于新机场的争论仍然十分激烈。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 17 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 process表示 “处理,加工 ”,如: food processing食品加工,process an application受理申请。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 18 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 denounce表示 “谴责,指责,痛斥 ”,如: denounce an aggressive war谴责侵略 战争。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 19 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 evolve表示 “演变,进化, (缓慢地 )发展 (理论、计划等 )”,如:evo
28、lve a new theory发展新学说。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 20 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 assure表示 “向 (某人 )保证担保,使 (某人 )确信信服 ”,词组为assure sb of sth,如: I assure you of the success of the project我向你保证这个项 目会成功。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 21 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 relieve表示 “减轻,解除 (困难或痛苦 ),救助,救济 ”,如: relieve the poor and needy救济贫困穷人。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 22 【
29、正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 compress表示 “压缩,把 (思想、文字等 )浓缩,使更为简练 ”,如:He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences他把一生 的戎马生涯浓缩成几句话。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 23 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 prescribe意为 “命令,规定; (医生 )开药 ”,通常后接 for,如: The doctor prescribed some pills for my stomachache医生为我开了治胃病的药。再如: The law prescribes serious
30、 penalties for this crime对于这种犯罪,法律规定要予以严惩。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 24 【正确 答案】 C 【试题解析】 reclaim表示 “开拓,开垦 (荒地 ),填平 (土地 ), (填海 )拓地 ”,一般后面接 from,如: reclaim the land from the sea填海造地; reclaim还表示 “要回,收回,要求恢复,要求重得,改造,感化 (罪犯等 )”,如: reclaim ones luggage要求领回行李, reclaim a criminal使罪犯悔改。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 25 【正确答案】 B 【试题
31、解析】 spill意为 “(不小心 )(使 )溢出, (使 )溅出,使散落 ”,如: Ive spilled coffee on the carpet我把咖啡洒在地毯上了。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 26 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 conform表示 “符合或遵守 (公认的规则、准则等 )”,一般后接 to,如: She refused to conform to the social normal conventions她拒绝遵从正常的社会习俗。请考生注意: conform to with sth还可表示 “与某物相符合或相一致 ”,如: His ideas dont confo
32、rm with hers他的想法跟她的不一致。另外,其名词为 conformity,请考生掌握 in conformity with(遵照 ),如: The equipment is not in conformity with the official safety regulations这设备不合乎官方规定的安全准则。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 27 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 overshadow表示 “使相形见绌,使黯然失色,使显得不重要 ”,如: He is overshadowed by his brilliant twin brother他那成就辉煌的孪生兄弟使他黯然失
33、色。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 28 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 streamline表示 “提高效率,精简 ”,如: streamline the government精简政府机构。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 29 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 repent表示 “悔悟,悔改,后悔 ”,作为不及物动词时,可以跟 of,如: He repented of his folly他为自己的愚蠢行为感到后悔; repent doing sth意为 “对做过 感到后悔 ”,如: He repented having shot the bird他后悔射杀了那只鸟。 【知识模块】 动词形似义异辨析 30 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 reproach尤指 “(难过或失望地 )责备,指责,指摘,斥责 ”,一般后接 for with,如: Father often reproached him for his laziness父亲常责备他懒惰。 【知识 模块】 动词形似义异辨析