1、专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷 131及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage wi
2、ll be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. 专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷 131答案与 解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage
3、will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done a
4、t normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. 1 【正确答案】 Varieties of Milk Supermarkets now stock many different varieties of milk. / The most common is still cows milk, / but others include sheep and goats milk, as well as a number of plant-based substitutes, / including soya,
5、 rice, oat and almond milk. / Milk is generally distinguishable by its fat content. / Whole milk is relatively high in fat / and certainly semi-skimmed and skimmed milk can be labelled as low-fat food. / Contrary to popular belief, lowering the fat content in milk does not affect the calcium content
6、, / so an adequate calcium intake can still be obtained from lower-fat dairy products. / However, low-fat milk contains less energy and lower amounts of fat-soluble vitamins / and isnt suitable for children under two years. / Some supermarkets have now started selling milk with almost half the fat o
7、f semi-skimmed milk. / But it retains a more creamy flavour. / This is a good option for those people / who want to lower the amount of fat theyre consuming but dont like the taste of skimmed milk. / 【试题解析】 奶的种类 超市出售各种奶制品，最常见的是牛奶。牛奶按脂肪含量划分，一般可分为全脂奶、半脱脂奶及脱脂奶。虽然脂肪含量的多少并不影响钙的含量，但是脱脂奶的能量较低，且脂溶性维生素含量较低，不
8、适合两岁以下的孩子。 【知识模块】 听写 2 【正确答案】 Minerals Minerals are non-organic substances which contain the element carbon. / But they are vital for good health / and have many key roles to play in the body. / Minerals needed daily are present in almost all cells of the body. / They can ensure our internal systems
9、 function efficiently. / Without minerals, the body would not be able to build new tissues, / regulate body processes or release energy from food. / Acute imbalances of the daily needed minerals can be potentially fatal. / On one hand, mineral shortages may lead to health problems / such as failure
10、to thrive in babies and an increased risk of heart disease. / On the other hand, taking in too many dietary minerals can also harm the body. / For example, too much calcium in the blood / may cause vomiting, loss of appetite and irregular heart rate. / Thus mineral shortages or taking excessive mine
11、rals / should be carefully avoided through a balanced diet in our daily life. / 【试题解析】 矿物质 矿物质并非有机物质，但却对我们的健康至关重要。每日所需的矿物质几乎存在于身体的所有细胞中。无论是缺乏矿物质还是摄入过多膳食矿物质都会有损身体健康。因此，在日常生活中我们应该通过均衡的饮食，谨防矿物质缺乏或者过量摄取矿物质的情况。 【知识模块】 听写 3 【正确答案】 Disguise Many species of animal practise tactics to disguise their appearan
12、ce, / usually by blending in with their environment. / Such tactics mainly depend on the physical characteristics or behavior of a species and its enemies. / Usually environmental and behavioral factors can cause species to employ a variety of tactics. / And the most common one is background matchin
13、g, / in which a species conceals itself by resembling its environment. / In its simplest form, animals such as deer and squirrels / resemble the earth tones of their environment. / Another important tactic is to have disruptive color and pattern. / This form of disruption causes attackers to misiden
14、tify what they are looking at. / Many butterflies have large patterns on their wings, / which may misdirect attackers from the soft, vulnerable part of their body. / Actually disguise can be practised by both prey and their enemies. / So it may help prey to avoid their enemies / while the latter may
15、 also sneak up on their prey with this tactic. / 【试题解析】 伪装 许多种动物会采取伪装策略。这些策略主要取决于某一种动物和其天敌各自的体型特征以及生活习性。其中最常见的一种是背景匹配策略，运用这种策略的动物会通过拟态为它周围的环境来隐藏自己。另一个重要的策略是拥有扰乱性的颜色和花纹。这种方式可以让攻击者错误辨别眼前之物。 【知识模块】 听写 4 【正确答案】 How to Apply to an American College The American university system is one of the best in the
16、world, / but competition for admission can be steep. / The application process itself is a labyrinth / that most American students approach only with the help of school councilors, parents and peers. / Above all else, applying to American colleges and universities requires patience and persistence.
17、/ The application process consists of filling out the Common Application, supplemental applications, / writing a personal statement, and any necessary supplemental essays. / In addition, all applicants are required to submit standardized test scores, / letters of recommendation, high school transcri
18、pts, / along with an application fee. / You should study the web sites of schools that interest you. / You can find information about how and when to apply, / how much it will cost and whether any financial aid is available. / And you may be able to apply online / and pay the application charge with
19、 a credit card. / 【试题解析】 怎样申请美国大学 美国的入学竞争很激烈。大部分美国学生只能通过学校顾问、父母和同辈的帮助来申请。学生需填写通用申请表和附加申请表，撰写个人陈述和必需的附加短文，还要提交标准考试成绩、介绍信、中学成绩单以及申请费。 【知识模块】 听写 5 【正确 答案】 Forest Fire Forest fire or wildfire is often used to signify an uncontrolled intense fire / that breaks out in the wooded areas / due to many factor
20、s ranging from natural to man-made causes. / Wildfires can be witnessed throughout the world and they usually occur in cycles. / Mild forest fires are often considered beneficial, / as growth of many plant species depend on it. / Many plant species also depend on wildfires for reproduction. / Howeve
21、r, the large forest fires can have serious damaging effect on the surrounding environment. / Due to the extensive size and the immense speed, / a forest fire can easily spread to a vast area. / Besides, it can also change its direction / and overcome occasional barriers like roads, rivers and fire b
22、reaks. / Forest fires break out in areas like grassland, woodland and bush. / Some important causes of it are lightning and volcanic eruptions. / Besides these, sparks from rock falls can also cause forest fires. / 【试题解析】 森林火灾 森林火灾或山火通常用来表示爆发于林木茂盛地区的不受控制的大火。轻微的山火有益于许多植物种类的生长和繁衍。但大规模的山火可能会对周围环境产生严重破坏。引起森林火灾的原因包括闪电、火山喷发，以及岩石崩落产生的火花等。 【知识模块】 听写
