1、专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷 208及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage wi
2、ll be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. 专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷 208答案与 解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage
3、will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done a
4、t normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. 1 【正确答案】 Nonprofit Organizations Several well-known nonprofit organizations are international. / Nonprofit means these groups do not seek to make money from their efforts. / Nonprofits usually have a focus or shared interest, / su
5、ch as the environment, humanitarian aid, or entertainment. / The National Geographic Society is one of the largest nonprofit scientific and educational institutions in the world. / It is primarily focused on exploration, geography and natural science. / It also supports international research and ex
6、ploration. / The projects it has sponsored or assisted with are more than 9,000. / It also promotes environmental and historical conservation, / with the hope of inspiring people to care about the planet. / The Red Cross is probably the most recognizable aid organization in the world. / It provides
7、food and other aid to people and areas in distress. / For example, it helped provide shelter / for victims of hurricanes whose homes were destroyed / and worked to provide medical care for those injured in earthquakes. / 【试题解析】 非营利机构 非营利组织通常都有一个关注点或共同的兴趣点，诸如环境、人道主义救助或娱乐活动。国家地理学会是全世界最大的非营利科教机构之一。它关注的
8、焦点主要落在探索、地理以及自然科学这几方面。红十字会也许是世界上最受认可的救助机构。它向受灾人们和地区提供食物和其他帮助。 【知识模块】 听写 2 【正确答案】 Choosing a Good Password Lots of confusion surrounds the choice of strong passwords. / Many suggestions for creating a password are overly complex and provide little security. / Here is a simple way to create strong pas
9、swords / that you can remember and that will make you less vulnerable to online attackers. / The ideal password is a random sequence of characters. / But such a password is not so human-friendly / as you may find it tricky to remember. / One good technique is to choose a memorable phrase / and use t
10、he first letter of each word to create an acronym to use as your password. / The chosen phrase should not be well known. / And using capitals and lower case can add quite a lot of strength. / Finally, its important to use different passwords for different activities. / You might use the same passwor
11、d / with different user names for commenting on sites, / but you should have a different password for each bank and shopping account. / 【试题解析】 选择一个好的密码 这有一个简单的方法可以创建出保密性强、能够记住且不易受到网络攻击的密码。理想的密码是一组任意排列的字符。但是这样的密码并不是那么人性化，因为你会发现要记住它很困难。一个好的办法是选择一个难忘的短语，使用每个单词的首字母来创建一个首字母缩略词以作为你的密码。短语不要选众所周知的。而采用大小写也能使
12、保密性增强不少。 【知识模块】 听写 3 【正确答案】 Race The whole question of the changing role of Blacks in American society / has been the subject of newspaper articles around the world so frequently / that visitors to the United States do not know / what to expect when they arrive. / They may be surprised when they see
13、 that Blacks and Whites work side by side / in offices, factories, and schools across the country. / The majority of Blacks in the United States, however, / live in and around only a small number of American cities. / Many dark-skinned visitors arrive in the United States / fearing personal attack o
14、r expecting various degrees of racial prejudice. / Some forms of discrimination still exist, unfortunately, / especially in the areas of the housing, schools, and jobs. / The school equality is still more a dream than a reality. / There are still too many areas of the country / where Black Americans
15、 do not enjoy the same full opportunities as White Americans. / 【试题解析】 种族 关于美国黑人社会地位不断改变的所有问题频频成为世界各地的报章话题，这让初来乍到的人无法预知他们到美国之时会看到什么样的情况。许多深肤色人士害怕来到美国会受到人身攻击或者觉得他们在那里会遭遇各种不同程度的种族歧视。遗憾的是，某些形式的歧视依然存在，尤其是在住房、教育和就业这些领域。在美国这个国家，仍然有太多的地方存在着黑人并未完全享有与白人同等的机会的情况。 【知识模块】 听写 4 【正确答案】 The National Museum of Natu
16、ral History The National Museum of Natural History is one of the most visited museums. / It has the largest collection of any natural history museum in the world. / Scientists have been collecting these specimens for almost 200 years. / The collection keeps growing / as scientists working for the mu
17、seum continue to explore and collect around the world. / This museum is a center for the study of humans and their natural surroundings through history. / So its collection includes specimens of animals, plants, rocks, ancient and present day organisms, / and objects related to human development. /
18、Scientists working for the museum are doing research in many countries / to find new information about the natural world and its organisms. / Each year they report important discoveries to the public. / Now, the expansion of the Internet has made it possible / for people around the world to get this
19、 information. / People who are unable to visit this museum / can use computers to explore the museum. / 【试题解析】 国家自然历史博物馆 国家自然历史博物馆是参观量最多的博物馆之一。它的馆藏量最大，超过世界上任何一个自然历史博物馆。将近 200年来，科学家们一直都在收集这些样本。为该博物馆工作的科学家们一直在多个国家做研究，以发现有关自然界及其生物的新信息。每年他们向公众报告重要的发现。现在，互联网的扩展让世界各地的人们都有机会获取这些信息。不能来参观这所博物馆的人们可以使用电脑来对它进行探
20、索。 【知识模块】 听写 5 【正确答案】 In-service Education and Vocational Development Many people feel that finding a job successfully is the end of their schooling. / This idea is rarely true, however, / as each field of work requires a thorough knowledge of it. / This may go beyond what could be learned in high s
21、chool or university. / Universities, with their complete curriculum, / are intended to first teach us about everything. / Later studies fill in the gap of knowledge by offering more specialized courses. / Universities, however, are meant to teach the theories of any particular field, / not the pract
22、ical knowledge needed to do our jobs. / Vocational school has risen / to fill this gap of practical knowledge. / Vocational schools can aid us in this / by teaching us to be especially good at one thing. / If a person has enough health and energy, as well as determination, / he may go to night school to take a self-teaching program. / 【试题解析】 在职教育和职业发展 大学通过其完整的课程设置，意在先教会我们通识。然后，在后期通过提供更多的专业课程让学生填补知识的缺口。但是，大学教育的用意在于教授某一特定领域的理论知识，而非我们在工作中所需的实用知识。职业学校的兴起帮助填补实用知识的缺口。在这个方面这些学校通过让我们 掌握一技之长来帮助我们。 【知识模块】 听写
