1、专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷 228及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage wi
2、ll be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. 专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷 228答案与 解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage
3、will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done a
4、t normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. 1 【正确答案】 Identity Theft Identity theft is considered one of the top crimes in the United States. / Identity thieves steal personal information. / They collect Social Security numbers, banking records and telephone numbers. / They
5、use this information to request loans or get credit cards in the name of the victim. / Victims of identity theft can spend years / attempting to re-establish their financial history and good name. / Some have been denied jobs or arrested for crimes in which they were not involved. / Identity thieves
6、 use several methods to get what they need. / They may trick people into giving personal information over the telephone. / They also may steal documents containing such information. / American lawmakers will consider plans / to increase supervision of companies that collect personal information. / S
7、everal plans have been proposed to help individuals / whose personal information was stolen. / Another proposal would let Americans halt any investigation into their financial history without their permission. / 【试题解析】 身份窃取 身份窃取被认为是美国最严重的罪行之一。盗窃者窃取个人信息、搜集社保账号、银行记录以及电话号码，然后利用这些信息以受害者的名义申请贷款或办理信用卡。受害者
8、可能要花几年的时间去重建自己的财务纪录和信用：有些受害者还会因此找不到工作或被捕。盗窃者常不择手段以获得自己想要的信息。他们可能通过电话骗取个人信息或盗取包含这些信息的文件。 【知识模块】 听写 2 【正确答案】 Earthquakes An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earths crust. / It starts when two plates move around each other. / Energy is being stored when the plates press and
9、 stretch against each other. / When released suddenly, the energy will break and shake the rock around the plates. / At the Earths surface, earthquakes manifest themselves / by shaking or displacement of the ground. / When the centre point of a large earthquake is located offshore, / the sea bed may
10、 be displaced sufficiently to cause a tidal wave. / Earthquakes can also trigger land slides and eruptions of volcanoes. / Since earthquakes can cause disasters, / people have been trying to predict them. / However, the mass, elasticity and friction of the sliding plates vary between different areas
11、. / All these factors can influence where and when an earthquake starts, / how strong it is, and how long it lasts. / So it seems almost impossible to make such a prediction. / 【试题解析】 地震 地震是地壳突然释放能量的结果。当板块相互挤压、拉伸时，能量得以储存。而能量的突然释放会使板块附近的岩石震动。地震表现为地表摇晃和位移。它可以引发海啸、土壤滑坡和火山爆发。 【知识模块】 听写 3 【正确答案】 American
12、 Elections National elections are held in the United States every two years. / Each time, voters elect all members of the House of Representatives for a two-year term, / and one-third of Senate members for a six-year term. / Many states also choose governors and state legislatures in national electi
13、ons. / Citizens may also vote on different questions of state or local interest. / The Constitution requires the president and vice president be elected every four years. / By law, voting is to be held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November. / Every four years, the Democrats and the
14、 Republicans hold national conventions / to officially choose their nominees for president and vice president. / Many states hold special primary elections / to choose delegates to the national conventions. / Each presidential candidate lists on state primary ballots a group of delegates / who have
15、promised to support the candidate at their partys convention. / Citizens show their choice for the presidential nomination / by voting for the group of delegates committed to that candidate. / 【试题解析】 美国选举 美国每两年举行一次全国选举。众议院议员由选民直接选举产生，任期两年。 1 3的参议院议员也通过这种方式产生，任期六年。许多州在任命州长及立法机关时也采取全国选举的方式。宪法要求，总统和副总统
16、每四年换届一次。此时，民主党和共和党召开全国性会议，正式推选出总统和副总统的候选人。 【知识模块】 听写 4 【正确答案】 Space Gym Physical fitness is an important part of being an astronaut. / Astronauts must be healthy enough to perform tasks while in space, / such as taking a space walk to repair an external piece of equipment. / In space, muscles, inclu
17、ding the heart, can lose strength and endurance / as they dont have to interact with gravity. / Astronauts use athletic equipment modified for this special environment to maintain their physical fitness. / For example, a special running machine is used to increase their endurance, / so they can work
18、 for longer periods of time without getting tired. / They also pull against vacuum cylinders, / which lack air, to create resistance and work their muscles. / And they ride an unusual stationary bicycle to help improve the health of their hearts. / Astronauts have to strap in to this bicycle, / beca
19、use a lack of gravity prevents them from sitting down and staying put. / Special shoes also snap into its pedals / to make sure astronauts dont just float away. / 【试题解析】 太空健身房 成为一名宇航员，身体健康是一个重要条件。宇航员必须足够健康才能在太空中执行任务。在太空里，包括心脏在内的肌肉会失去力量和耐力。宇航员使用专为这种特殊环境改良过的运动器材来维持其身体的健康状态。例如，一种特制的跑步机就可以用来帮助增加宇航员的耐力。他
20、们也会拉真空筒，使肌肉得到锻炼。 【知识模块】 听写 5 【正确答案】 Corporations A corporation is a kind of business organization with an unlimited lifetime. / Corporations can sell stock as a way to raise money. / Stock represents shares of ownership in a company. / Investors who buy stock can trade their shares / or keep them as
21、 long as the company is in business. / A company might use some of its earnings to pay dividends as a reward to shareholders. / Or it might reinvest the money into the business. / If shares lose value, investors can lose all of the money they paid for their stock. / But shareholders are not responsi
22、ble for the debts of the corporation. / A corporation is a legal entity separate from its owners. / A board of directors controls corporate policies. / The directors appoint top company officers, / but might or might not hold shares in the corporation. / Corporations can have a few major shareholders. / Or ownership can be spread among the general public. / 【试题解析】 公司 股份有限公司是一种无时间限制的企业组织形式。公司可以通过出售股票来筹集资金。股票是个人持有公司股份多少的凭证。只要公司处于经营之中，投资者可以随意出售或一直持有自己的股份。公司获利后，会将部分收益当作红利分给股东，或是将钱再投资到公司的项目。如果股份失去价值，投资者就会亏掉购买股票的资金，但他们不承担公司债务。 【知识模块】 听写
