1、专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 309及答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptabl
2、e. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 American Families I . Types of American families the traditional American family: a working father, a 【 T1】 , 【 T1】 _ and two or three children the single-parent family: single mothers and sing
3、le fathers raising children by themselves the childless family: 【 T2】 who dont want any children 【 T2】 _ 【 T3】 children move back with their parents after living alone 【 T3】 _ for a long time II . Reasons for the change the social reason: high 【 T4】 rate 【 T4】 _ the economic reason: 【 T5】 among youn
4、g adults 【 T5】 _ the most important reason: most American women now work 【 T6】 【 T6】 _ III. Flexible new policies to help modern working parents 【 T7】 : temporary leave to have a baby 【 T7】 _ 【 T8】 : useful for people with children 【 T8】 _ working at home: easy for people in professions like compute
5、r programming and 【 T9】 【 T9】 _ These kinds of programs are available in only a few 【 T10】 It 【 T10】 _ is still very difficult for most people trying to work and take care of a family. 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 10 The Great Life I . The Cheroke
6、e beliefs regarding the environment and conservation human beings are a part of the Great Life II. Three great 【 T1】 【 T1】 _ A. Dont take any life without a real reason. a real reason: for food, for medicine, for 【 T2】 【 T2】 _ dont kill 【 T3】 and animals needlessly 【 T3】 _ gather a few, leaving 【 T4
7、】 of the plants 【 T4】 _ B. Everything we do should serve the Great Life. everything we do 【 T5】 the Great Life, and vice versa 【 T5】 _ e.g., the use of electric toothbrushes harm the Great Life C. Dont pollute where we live. the sacred place where we live: 【 T6】 【 T6】 _ dont pour 【 T7】 down the drai
8、n because they all wind up 【 T7】 _ in the water III. Options to bring these laws into our lives 【 T8】 【 T8】 _ choosing what we buy and buying things carefully using 【 T9】 as little as possible 【 T9】 _ 【 T10】 gardening 【 T10】 _ 11 【 T1】 12 【 T2】 13 【 T3】 14 【 T4】 15 【 T5】 16 【 T6】 17 【 T7】 18 【 T8】 1
9、9 【 T9】 20 【 T10】 专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 309答案与解析 SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and seman
10、tically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 American Families Good morning, everyone! Todays lecture is about American families. (1) The traditional American family used to have a working father, a housewife mothe
11、r, and two or three children. But since the last twenty or twenty-five years, the picture has changed. Now we have many different kinds of families and living situations besides this traditional one. For example, there are many single mothers and single fathers who are raising children by themselves
12、. (2) There are married couples who decide that they dont want any children. (3) Sometimes adult children who have been living alone for a long time come back and live with their parents again. Why has the traditional family changed so much? Well, the reasons are both social and economic. (4) First,
13、 as you know, the divorce rate is high in our culture: as a result, we have many single-parent families. (5) Second, there is unemployment among young adults. If they cant find a job, many times they return home and live with their parents again. But of course, (6) the most important reason for the
14、changes in American families is that most American women now work outside the home. This means that more than half of all American homes do not have a full-time homemaker anymore. However, with so many women working, our society has some difficult, new problems. For example, who will take care of th
15、e children and old people? Who will do the housework? Who will do the volunteer work? Some people might say that these are “womens problems“ , so women should be the ones to solve them. But more and more people understand that everybody in our society is responsible for trying to find answers to the
16、se problems. In fact, many companies are trying to help modern working parents by creating flexible new policies. Here are a few examples. (7) One example is that many companies now allow a woman to leave her job temporarily in order to have a baby. This is called maternity leave. The woman may rece
17、ive part of her salary while she is not working. And of course her job will be waiting for her when she is ready to return to work. (8-1) Another example is that many companies now have something called “flextime“. Flextime means that instead of working from 8:00 a. m. to 5:00 p. m. as most people d
18、o in this country, a worker can work from, say, 6:00 a. m. to 3:00 p. m., or from 10:00 a. m. to 7:00 p. m., etc. As you can imagine, (8-2) flextime is very useful for people with children. (9) Third, some companies allow their employees to work at home instead of coming in to the office every day.
19、Working at home is easy for people in professions like computer programming and telephone sales. OK, Ive given you three examples of new company policies that are supposed to make life a little easier for working mothers and fathers. (10) However, its important for you to understand that there are o
20、nly a few large companies that can afford to help their employees with these kinds of programs. For most people, trying to work and take care of a family is still very, very difficult. OK, thats all for todays lecture. Thank you for your attention. 【知识模块】 讲座 1 【正确答案】 housewife mother 【试题解析】 由句 (1)可知
21、，传统的美国家庭是由工作的父亲、做全职家庭主妇的母亲和两到三个孩子组成的。因此填入 housewife mother。 【知识模块】 讲座 2 【正确答案】 married couples 【试题解析】 由句 (2)可知，有些已婚夫妇决定不生养孩子。因此填入 married couples。 【知识模块】 讲座 3 【正确答案】 adult 【试题解析】 由句 (3)可知，有 时长期独居在外的成年子女返回家与父母同住。因此填入 adult。 【知识模块】 讲座 4 【正确答案】 divorce 【试题解析】 由句 (4)可知，高离婚率导致出现了许多单亲家庭。因此填入divorce。 【知识模块
22、】 讲座 5 【正确答案】 unemployment 【试题解析】 由句 (5)可知，年轻人中存在着失业现象，如果他们找不到工作，他们会多次返回家与父母同住。因此填入 unemployment。 【知识模块】 讲座 6 【正确答案】 outside the home 【试题解析】 由句 (6)可知，美国家庭形式发生变化的最重要原因是大部分美国女性外出就业。因此填入 outside the home。 【知识模块】 讲座 7 【正确答案】 maternity leave 【试题解析】 由句 (7)可知，现在很多公司准许女员工暂时离开工作去生育孩子，这被称为产假。因此填入 maternity le
23、ave。 【知识模块】 讲座 8 【正确答案】 flextime 【试题解析】 由句 (8)可知，现在很多公司实行弹性工作制，这对于有孩子的人非常有用，故填入 flextime。 【知识模块】 讲座 9 【正确答案】 telephone sales 【试题解析】 由句 (9)可知，有些公司允许员工在家办公，而不是每天来办公室，从事像计算机编程和电话销售这些工作的人可以受益于这一制度。因此填入telephone sales。 【知识模块】 讲座 10 【正确答案】 large companies 【试题解析】 由句 (10)可知，只有少数大公司可以为其员工提供这些政策。因此填入 large co
24、mpanies。 【知识 模块】 讲座 10 【听力原文】 The Great Life Good morning, everyone. Im David Winston. Today Id like to say something about the Cherokee beliefs regarding the environment and conservation. We believe that were a part of what we call the Great Life. And we feel that within the Great Life, (1) there a
25、re three great laws of nature, and those are the laws that tell us how we have to live in harmony with everything else. The first law of nature is that you dont take any life without a real reason. (2) And a real reason would be for food, for medicine, and for protection. But basically, life is sacr
26、ed. (3) So we shouldnt kill needlessly. That would absolutely include plants. And so to us, taking the life of a plant is just as grave a responsibility as taking the life of an animal. So for instance, when you go to gather a plant, you dont want to go and say, “Wow, heres a whole patch of plants,“
27、 and go and gather them all. (4) You gather a few, and then you gather a few from another spot, leaving the majority of the plants so that they can grow and continue to provide not only for themselves, but for us, and for our children, and for their children. The second law is that everything we do
28、should serve the Great Life. Well, what we mean is that we believe that theres one spirit that fills all things, humans, plants, rocks, whatever. And the sum of all of that is what we call the Great Life. And so we all are part of this same Great Life. (5) And everything we do affects the Great Life
29、, and everything that happens within the Great Life affects us. So its very, very important that within the second law of nature, that what we do will not harm other parts of the Great Life. Well, I could give a lot of examples. And on a very personal, simple level, an example could be, for instance
30、, lots of people might go out and get an electric toothbrush. Uh, maybe it works a little bit better. Its certainly easier. The toothbrush does all the work for you. But to use the electricity necessary to power that electric toothbrush requires coal or nuclear power that harms the air, the water, i
31、t harms the Great Life. The third law basically is that we dont pollute where we live. (6) And where we live is not just our home. Its not just our intimate, small community. Its not just our country. Its this planet, this sacred planet we call the Earth. (7) We dont pour chemical wastes down the dr
32、ain because they all wind up in the water. So basically we dont pollute the Earth. Well, it might seem a little bit difficult to live by those three laws today in this industrialized society. But we still have a lot of options. (8) Therere small things that each one of us can do, things like recycli
33、ng, things like choosing what we buy and buying things carefully. There are other things we can do. (9) Instead of using the car for every short trip to the store, save them up so we use the car as little as possible. (10) We can do things like organic gardening. There are a lot of things that we ca
34、n do to bring these laws into our lives. And ultimately, our lives really depend on these. The Great Life can live without us, but we cant live without the Great Life. OK, this brings us to the end of todays lecture, thank you for your attention. 【知识模块】 讲座 11 【正确答案】 Laws of Nature 【试题解析】 由句 (1)可知，三个
35、自然法则告诉人们如何与一切其他事物和谐共生，故填入 Laws of Nature。 【知识模块】 讲座 12 【正确答案】 protection 【试题解析】 由句 (2)可知，人类不得已而猎捕的理由只能是为了获得食物、医药和防卫。因此填入 protection。 【知识模块】 讲座 13 【正确答案】 plants 【试题解析】 由句 (3)可知，人类不应肆意捕杀动物，当然也不应过度消耗植物。因此填入 plants。 【知识模块】 讲座 14 【正确答案】 the majority 【试题解析】 由句 (4)可知，采集植物的时候应从一个地方采集少许，然后再从另一地方采集少许，留下大部分的植物
36、让其生长，不仅继续供养它们自己，还供养我们，我们的孩子，我们孩子的孩子。因此填入 the majority。 【知识模块】 讲座 15 【正确答案】 affects 【试题解析】 由句 (5)可知，人类的活动会对自然产生影响，自然界发生的变化亦会影响人类生活。因此填入 affects。 【知识模块】 讲座 16 【正确答案】 the Earth 【试题解析】 由句 (6)可知，我们所居住的地方不仅仅是我们的家，不仅仅是我们温馨的小区，不仅仅是我们的国家，它是这个星球，这个被我们称为地球的神圣星球。因此填入 the Earth。 【知识模块】 讲座 17 【正确答案】 chemical wast
37、es 【试题解析】 由句 (7)可知，我们不要将化学废料倒入下水道，因为这些废料最终会进入水中。因此填入 chemical wastes。 【知识模块】 讲座 18 【正确答案】 recycling 【试题解析】 由句 (8)可知，我们 每个人都可以通过一些小事遵守这三条自然法则，如：循环利用。因此填入 recycling。 【知识模块】 讲座 19 【正确答案】 the car 【试题解析】 由句 (9)可知，讲话者建议短途出行购物不要每次都用汽车，应尽可能地少用。因此填入 the car。 【知识模块】 讲座 20 【正确答案】 organic 【试题解析】 由句 (10)可知，我们还可以发展有机园艺。因此填入 organic。 【知识模块】 讲座
