1、专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 342及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will
2、 be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look
3、at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 1 Culture Shock I. The phases of cult
4、ure shock 1) 【 T1】 phase 【 T1】 _ a. cultural differences: romantic, wonderful and new b. full of 【 T2】 and new discoveries 【 T2】 _ 2) 【 T3】 phase 【 T3】 _ a. cultural differences: apparent and creating 【 T4】 【 T4】 _ b. excitement turning to frustration, anger as well as disappointment 3) adjustment p
5、hase a. one grows accustomed to the new culture and developes 【 T5】 【 T5】 _ b. a constructive response to culture shock is required 4) mastery phase a. one can participates fully and comfortably in the 【 T6】 【 T6】 _ b. often referred to as the 【 T7】 stage 【 T7】 _ II. 【 T8】 culture shock 【 T8】 _ 1) a
6、lso being called “re-entry shock“ or “own culture shock“ 2) more difficult to deal with than the original culture shock III. Transition shock 1) a state of loss and 【 T9】 【 T9】 _ 2) 【 T10】 【 T10】 _ dont sleep excessively write home and spend time with people adjust oneself to the culture 2 【 T1】 3 【
7、 T2】 4 【 T3】 5 【 T4】 6 【 T5】 7 【 T6】 8 【 T7】 9 【 T8】 10 【 T9】 11 【 T10】 SECTION B CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation , five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After
8、 each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have thirty seconds to preview the questions. （ A） He is still smoking recently. （ B） He was a smoker 20 years ago.
9、 （ C） He had never smoked before. （ D） He doesnt mind smoke. （ A） Because the harm of smoking hasnt been realized. （ B） Because smoking hasnt been banned in public places. （ C） Because it is difficult for people to drop a bad habit. （ D） Because the price of cigarettes is low. （ A） It is very effect
10、ive. （ B） It is enforced strictly. （ C） It is too strict to obey. （ D） It has many loopholes. （ A） About $8. （ B） About $10. （ C） About $14. （ D） About $20. （ A） Pushing education efforts for current smokers. （ B） Educating young people not to start the habit. （ C） Raising the prices as well as taxe
11、s of cigarettes. （ D） Making new rules or regulations on smoking. （ A） Happy. （ B） Confused. （ C） Relaxed. （ D） Tired. （ A） People are high up in the sky. （ B） It is not a natural way of transport. （ C） The flying speed is very high. （ D） People have to stay in a limited space. （ A） People can survi
12、ve if lucky enough. （ B） The chance is very small. （ C） They can be prevented. （ D） The possibility can be ignored. （ A） It is much too time-consuming. （ B） It is too difficult for the man. （ C） It includes a lot of traveling. （ D） It is not well-paid for his hard work. （ A） Pretending to be on a bu
13、s during a flight. （ B） Taking a seat next to an emergency exit. （ C） Sitting at the center of the plane. （ D） Taking some anti-anxiety medication. 专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷 342答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During t
14、he first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this tim
15、e you should check your work. 1 【正确答案】 American Children Raising To Americans, the goal of parents is to help children stand on their own two feet. / From infancy, each child may get his or her own room. / As children grow, they gain more freedom / to make their own choices. / Teenagers choose their
16、 own forms of entertainment and friends. / When they reach young adulthood, they choose their own careers and marriage partners. / American parents try to treat their children as individuals. / They allow them to fulfill their own dreams, / and praise and encourage their children to succeed. 【知识模块】
17、听力 SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the bla
18、nk sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 1 【听力原文】 Culture Shock Good morning, everybody. Today we are going to talk about culture shock. Culture shock refers to the difficulty people have adjusting to a new culture that differs markedly from their own. The s
19、hock of moving to a foreign country often consists of distinct phases, though not everyone passes through these phases and not everyone is in the new culture long enough to pass through all. (1) The first phase is often named as honeymoon phase. During this period, the differences between the old an
20、d new culture are seen in a romantic light, wonderful and new. (2) And this period is full of observations and new discoveries. Like many honeymoons this stage eventually ends. (4) After some time usually three months but it may be sooner or later depending on the individual differences between the
21、old and new culture become apparent and may create anxiety. That sense of excitement will eventually give way to new and unpleasant feelings of frustration and anger as you continue to have unfavorable encounters that strike you as strange, offensive and unacceptable. (3) This phase is often called
22、the negotiation phase, which is marked by mood swings caused by minor issues or without apparent reason. This is where excitement turns to disappointment and more and more differences start to occur. Depression is not uncommon. Again, (5) after some time of usually 6-12 months, one enters the adjust
23、ment phase in which one grows accustomed to the new culture and develops routines. One starts to develop problem-solving skills for dealing with the culture, and begins to accept the culture with a positive attitude. Reaching this stage requires a constructive response to culture shock with effectiv
24、e means of adaptation. With this gradual adaptation, people get to the final phase mastery phase. (6) In the mastery stage, assignees are able to participate fully and comfortably in the host culture. Mastery does not mean total conversion, and people are capable of not adopting some aspects of the
25、host culture. (7) It is often referred to as the biculturalism stage. (8) In addition, we also have to mention reverse culture shock, which is also called “ re-entry shock“, or “own culture shock“. It may take place returning to ones home culture after growing accustomed to a new one can produce the
26、 same effects as described above. The affected person often finds this more surprising and difficult to deal with than the original culture shock. Culture shock is a subcategory of a more universal construct called transition shock. (9) Transition shock is a state of loss and disorientation predicat
27、ed by a change in ones familiar environment which requires adjustment. There are many different symptoms of transition shock, some of which include: excessive concern over cleanliness and health, feelings of helplessness and withdrawal, etc. It is not advisable to sleep excessively, isolate yourself
28、, or have anger towards your host people. You should write home, spend time with the host family or people, and try to adjust yourself to the culture, including eating even if you are not hungry, sleeping at normal times, not when you feel you should, and adjusting yourself to the time change. (10)
29、Though these solutions may not work on everybody, you should try hard. 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 honeymoon 【试题解析】 由句 (1)可知，文化冲击的第一个阶段是蜜月阶段。因此填入honeymoon。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 observations 【试题解析】 此处提到文化冲击的第一个阶段 蜜月阶段的表现和特征。由句(2)可知，这一阶段，人们喜欢观察和探索新事物。因此填入 observations。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 negotiation 【试题解析】 由句 (3
30、)可知，文化冲击的第二个阶段经常被称为协商阶段，特征是由一些小问题引起的或者没有明显原因的情绪波动。因此填入 negotiation。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 anxiety 【试题解析】 演讲者讲到了协商阶段的一些表现和特征。由句 (4)可知，经过一段时间 通常是三个月，但是时间迟早取决于个人情况 新旧文化的差异日渐明显，人们可能会产生焦虑感。因此填入 anxiety。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 routines 【试题解析】 此处讲到了文化冲击第三个阶段的特征。由句 (5)可知，通常经过6 12个月后，人们会进入调整适应阶段，逐渐开始适应新的文化，并形成自己的习惯
31、。因此填入 routines。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 host culture 【试题解析】 此处提到文化冲击最后一个阶段的特征。由句 (6)可知，在安稳阶段，人们能够充分并愉快地参与当地文化。因此填入 host culture。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 biculturalism 【试题解析】 由句 (7)可知，安稳阶段经常被称为 “双重文化阶段 ”。因此填入biculturalism。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 Reverse Re-entry Own 【试题解析】 由句 (8)可知，讲座又提到另一文化冲击 反 向文化冲击。故填入 Reverse
32、Re-entry Own。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 disorientation 【试题解析】 讲座提到文化冲击是过渡期冲击的一个分类。由句 (9)可知，过渡期冲击是一种失落和迷失的状态。因此填入 disorientation。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 solutions 【试题解析】 作者认为在文化过渡时期要调整好自身状况，不应该过度睡眠，甚至将自己与外人孤立开来等等，这些都不利于适应新文化。由句 (10)可知，尽 管这些解决办法可能不适用于每一个人，但你应该努力试一试。因此填入 solutions。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B CONVERSAT
33、IONS In this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation , five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four
34、 choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have thirty seconds to preview the questions. 12 【听力原文】 W: Hi, Jay! M: Hi, Linda. Are you ready for your big trip to Chicago? W: Oh, yeah! Im going to nail the presentation. M: Im sure you will. Hey, I thou
35、ght I remembered from an earlier conversation that you have relatives in the States, right? Any chance youll get to see them? W: Id like to, but theyre not in Chicago. My uncle moved to Los Angeles five years ago. I was thinking about going over to visit him, but I dont have a lot of time. Maybe I c
36、ould just hop on a bullet train from Chicago. M: Thats not going to be possible. W: Why not? Its probably only a few hours ride. M: America doesnt have any bullet trains. W: Really? Youre kidding me! M: No, actually Im quite serious. (1) The fastest train we have is called the Amtrak Acela Express.
37、It runs at not much more than 130 kilometers an hour. W: 130 kilometers an hour? Thats not a high-speed train. M: Sometimes the Amtrak train can push speeds up to over 240 kilometers per hour, but most of the time it cruises at only around 130. W: Wow! I thought America was more advanced than that.
38、M: Yeah, I know. (2-1) But America is a very large country, and for the last several decades flying has been cheap and easy. W: So theres been no incentive to build super fast trains. M: Yeah, thats right. (2-2) Also, Americans like to drive. W: Ive noticed in a lot of movies that Americans seem to
39、enjoy road trips. M: Yeah. Most of us get our first drivers license when we are around 16 years old. (3)I used to drive about an hour and a half to work every day thats three hours round-tripand I didnt think it was a big deal. W: So aside from New York, there really isnt much public transport infra
40、structure in the US? M: Many US cities have some kind of light rail or subway system, but they dont really completely cover the city. W: (4) I think high-speed trains are great! They are safe, fast, quiet and convenient. You can work on your laptop or read a book. Its a good way to relax. M: Thats t
41、rue. Driving can be very stressful. Americans have been talking about building high-speed rail lines for years. But to be honest, I dont know when or if its ever going to happen. W: Well, I hope they start building them soon. (5) But in any case, Im going to have to look into flights to Los Angeles
42、now. M: Yep. And youre probably going to have to rent a car when you get there. Good luck and have a great trip! W: Thanks Jay! See you in a couple of weeks. 1. What do we know about the Amtrak Acela Express? 2. Which is NOT the reason why there arent super fast trains in America? 3. What do we know
43、 about the man? 4. Which is INCORRECT about high-speed trains according to the woman? 5. How does the woman intend to go to Los Angeles? 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题解 析】 由句 (1)可知， the Amtrak Acela Express是美国最快的火车。因此答案为 B。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 由句 (2-1)可知，美国是一个领土广阔的国家，近几十年来，飞机既便宜又方便，故排除选项 A和 C。由句 (2-2)可知，美
44、国人喜欢驾车出行，故排除B。因此答案为 D。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 由句 (3)可知，男士过去每天开一个半小时的车去上班。因此答案为 B。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 由句 (4)可知，女士认为高速列车安全、迅捷、安静、便利。乘客可以用笔记本办公或看书，是放松的好方法。因此 A、 B、 D描述符合原文，答案为 C。 【知识模块】 听力 16 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 由句 (5)可知，女士打算看看飞往洛杉矶的航班，说明她准备搭乘飞机。因此答案为 A。 【知识模块】 听力 17 【听力原文】 M: That was a lo
45、vely party, wasnt it? W: Yes, it was. The food was pretty good too. M: I was a little puzzled about something, though. W: What was that? M: At one point in our conversation, (6-1) Mr. Jones gave me a really funny look. It was almost like Id broken some sort of rule. W: Oh, yes.well, (6-2) you did as
46、k him how much he paid for his apartment. M: And? Whats wrong with asking someone how much they paid for a piece of property? W: Yeah, I know, (6-3) but in many Western societies, talking about money in public is considered a little bit impolite. M: Really? (7) Thats funny, because Western society s
47、eems so open. People talk about all kinds of private things. But money is a no-no, huh? W: If your Western friend buys something for a really good price, he or she might mention it to you. But unless the person is a close friend, we almost never ask how much something costs. M: So, do you avoid talk
48、ing about money so that people with less money dont feel bad? W: Yes, I think you hit the nail on the head. Also, I think many Westerners believe that if youre rich, you should be quiet about it. In fact, I believe many wealthy people in the West feel a little bit guilty. M: Why would they feel guil
49、ty? W: (8-1) Because so many other people work very hard, but never become successful. When the wealthy turn on TV, they see so much pain and suffering, but their own lives are so comfortable. M: Ah.I can understand that. If I were a wealthy person, I think Id feel the same way. W: Its interesting that some of the most successful entrepreneurs, such as John D. Rockefeller and Bill Gates, ended up setting up charity
