1、专业英语四级（短文听力）模拟试卷 17及答案与解析 SECTION B PASSAGES Directions: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 1 What is the topic of the talk? （ A） Speech writing skills. （ B） An interview. （ C） Historic speeches. （ D） Speech wr
2、iters. 2 Why is Tony Blair mentioned in the talk? （ A） Because he is a famous Prime Minister. （ B） Because he is a good friend of Dr Atkinson. （ C） To illustrate the skill of three-part lists in the speech. （ D） To compare the skill of speech with that used by John F Kennedy. 3 How many speech skill
3、s are mentioned in the talk? （ A） 2. （ B） 3. （ C） 4 （ D） 5 4 How did children learn in the earliest times? （ A） Teachers came to childrens homes. （ B） Children learned by direct experience. （ C） Children taught one another. （ D） Parents instructed their children reading. 5 What did children learn in
4、 the earliest times? （ A） Count money. （ B） Read and write. （ C） Draw moving objects. （ D） Hunt and farm. 6 What changes made schools important? （ A） Reliance on people far away and the use of money. （ B） The creation of a new alphabet and numerical system. （ C） Old farming methods and ineffective t
5、ransportation. （ D） Larger family units and greater financial hardships. 7 What is the focus of the talk? （ A） A balanced breakfast. （ B） Maintaining good health. （ C） Dieting. （ D） Health problems. 8 How many key elements are included in a balanced meal? （ A） 3. （ B） 4. （ C） 5 （ D） 6 9 How much of
6、a days total calories should be consumed at a breakfast? （ A） One-half. （ B） One-fourth. （ C） One-third. （ D） One-fifth. 10 Who is the speaker? （ A） A restaurant host. （ B） A tour guide. （ C） A history teacher. （ D） A park manager. 11 What is the main subject of the speakers story? （ A） A small rest
7、aurant. （ B） A revolutionary army. （ C） A famous commander. （ D） A historic tree. 12 The best description for the age of Washington Elm is （ A） impossible to determine. （ B） the oldest one in the park. （ C） less than a hundred years old. （ D） much younger than people thought. 13 What is special abou
8、t this class? （ A） It is brand new. （ B） Half the faculty is there. （ C） Some stars are watching. （ D） It is being held in Eureka. 14 What does the speaker say about planets? （ A） They change. （ B） They explode. （ C） They are small. （ D） They are hard. 15 What was thought to be affecting some stars?
9、 （ A） Proof. （ B） Gravity. （ C） Colleagues. （ D） Instruments. 16 What will the speaker do next? （ A） Look for planets. （ B） Turn the lights on. （ C） Welcome students. （ D） Show some pictures. 17 Where would you most likely hear this talk? （ A） In an English class. （ B） In an arithmetic class. （ C） I
10、n a psychology class. （ D） In a physical education class. 18 When does this talk take place? （ A） Monday. （ B） Tuesday. （ C） Wednesday. （ D） Thursday. 19 What does the speaker like about the program? （ A） Fair. （ B） Biased. （ C） Overly-long. （ D） Controversial. 20 What can be said about the ideas pr
11、esented in the TV program? （ A） They have evoked romantic feelings. （ B） They have been the subject of debate. （ C） They have made some people egotistical. （ D） They have rendered some people unconscious. 专业英语四级（短文听力）模拟试卷 17答案与解析 SECTION B PASSAGES Directions: In this section, you will hear several
12、passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 1 【听力原文】 In an interview with the BBC, Dr Max Atkinson (a communications specialist) outlined a number of speechwriting techniques. He also illustrated how these techniques have been used in historic speeches. One
13、such technique is introducing contrast. This is extremely useful when presenting a positive spin on a negative issue. One of the most famous examples of this can be seen in a speech given by former American President John F Kennedy: “Ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for y
14、our country.“ Another technique is the use of three-part lists. Dr Atkinson explains that this can be an excellent way of adding finality or confirming a statement. Former British Prime Minister Tony Blair was a fan of this technique. One of his most famous campaign slogans was “education, education
15、, education“ . These techniques can be used like tools - they can be chosen from a toolbox and applied as necessary. A few other techniques you might find in a speechwriters toolbox might be the use of imagery, anecdotes and alliteration. So next time you have to prepare a speech or presentation, tr
16、y applying one or more of these techniques and see if you have what it takes to be a winning speechwriter. 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 主旨大意题。短文的主题是什么。主旨大意题一般都出现在录音开头部分。考生需要抓住关键词。录音开头提到 “outlined a number of speechwriting techniques”(列举了几种演讲词的写作技巧 )。这些技巧在以前的著名演讲中也用过。可以说，录音开头是整个短语的核心部分，概括了短文的话题和内容。 【知识模块】 短文 2
17、【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 推理题。作者提及前英国首相布莱尔的目的是为了阐释 three-part lists的技巧。 【知识模块】 短文 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 概括题。一共提及了几种技巧。短文重点阐释了两种技巧 :contrast(对照 )和 three-part lists(条例法 )，分别以肯尼迪和布莱尔的演讲来说明。录音结尾部分还提到三种 :imagery(比喻，意象 )， anecdotes(典故，趣闻轶事 )和 alliteration(头韵 )。 【知识模块】 短文 4 【听力原文】 Lets look back in history to an earlier
18、 way of life. At one time, children didnt have to learn any more than how to cope with their physical environment. They had to learn to be careful around moving objects, to draw back when they got too close to something dangerous. They didnt need any special schools to learn these things, other than
19、 the school of experience. Nor the school is necessary for them to learn how to survive. Because their parents taught them all they need to know about how to hunt and to till the soil. But as the society became more complex, people depended more on others who were living far away, so, it became impo
20、rtant for children to learn to read and write. When money was created, they needed to learn to count and calculate. Children have to know these things in order to survive in this new expanded environment. Because such skills could not be learned simply through first-hand experience, schools became n
21、ecessary, so that children could be taught what we now called the three Rs: reading, writing and arithmetic. 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。远古时代，儿童如何学习。 “They didnt need any special schools to learn these things， other than the school of experience ”这句话可知一切源自经验。 【知识模块】 短文 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。 “Because thei
22、r parents taught them all they need to know about, how to hunt and to till the soil”这句话能看出父母教授子女打猎和耕作技能。这个考点位于连接词 because后。 【知识模块】 短文 6 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。什么变化促使学校教育出现。录音中提到社会变得复杂时，学校教育成为必要 : “people depended more on others who were living far away”以及 “When money was created, they needed to learn t
23、o count and calculate ”人们依赖于其他距离很远的人以及货币的产生使得学校教育成为必要。考点也位于转折连词 “but”后的内容。 【知识模块】 短文 7 【听力原文】 In addition to exercising regularly, eating a good breakfast is considered by many health experts to be a significant part of a successful way of reduction plan. After a night of fasting, the body needs to
24、be replenished with nutrient in order to maintain a high level of energy throughout the day. Several nutritionists suggest that dieters should eat up to one-third of their daily calories at breakfast time. These calories should be in the form of balanced meal of nutritious food. A balanced meal cons
25、ists of five key elements: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals. People whore dieting need a variety of foods to assure a constant supply of nutrients their bodies need. If a well-balanced diet is not followed, the dieter may become sleepy, nervous, or feel out of sorts. If a poor di
26、et is maintained for a long period of time, the dieter may become vitamin deficient. Vitamin deficiency can cause serious health problems. For these reasons, many doctors recommend that everyone, especially those on diet, starts the day with up to one-third of the daily requirement of nutrients in t
27、he form of a well-balanced breakfast. 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 主旨大意题。本文的话题虽然是给予节食者的饮食建议，但是重点谈的是保持均衡早餐对于节食者很重要。可从听力开头获知。 【知识模块】 短文 8 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题。均衡的一餐应该包括多少种关键元素。材料中提到一共是五种 :蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪、维他命和矿物质。 【知识模块】 短文 9 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题。早餐摄取的热能 (卡路里 )占一天饮食的多少才合适。听力结尾处提到 “one-third of the daily requirement of
28、 nutrients in the form of a well-balanced breakfast”。若是早餐营养均衡的话，摄取的热能占一天的三分之一。 【知识模块】 短文 10 【听力原文】 Attention, please, Ladies and Gentlemen, our bus is approaching Cambridge, Massachusetts, where well be stopping to eat. Well have our lunch in a garden restaurant overlooking a small park that has a v
29、ery interesting history. This park commemorates a tree, a very famous tree, because legend has it that General George Washington took command of the continental army in 1775 under its very branches. It was almost a hundred years later in 1864 that the city of Cambridge placed the plague on the tree
30、to celebrate the event that made it famous. And from that moment, the tree was called the Washington Elm. In due time, the tree gradually succumbed to attacks of insects and lost much of its beauty. It was finally destroyed in a storm at the end of the century. But that is not the end of the story.
31、The remains of the tree were cut down, and the concentric growth rings were counted to find out how old the tree was. Well, it seems that if Washington had accepted the command of his army beneath this tree, he must have done so on his knees. This particular elm couldnt have been more than 3 or 4 ye
32、ars old in 1775. It is a well-known fact that Washington took command in the ceremony under an elm tree. But unfortunately, it couldnt have been the famous Washington Elm. Well, enjoy your lunch, folks. Watch your steps as you leave the bus. 10 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 推理题。人物身份推断主要根据听力中的文字。此题难度应该不大。 【 知识模块】
33、短文 11 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 推理题。说话人主要围绕一棵历史性的树来讲解。录音中出现次数最多的单词是 “tree”。 【知识模块】 短文 12 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 概括题。从听力最后可知。 【知识模块】 短文 13 【听力原文】 Good morning everyone. My name is Professor Michael Andrews. On behalf of myself and my colleagues, I would like to welcome you to Extrasolar Planetology, which is a new cl
34、ass being offered by the Astronomy Department this year. About twenty-five years ago, there was no solid proof that other planets existed beyond our solar system. Most astronomers at that time felt that planets had to be out there, but they could not see them or prove they were there. Why? Simply pu
35、t, planets are small and space is vast. Imagine trying to see a pea with a telescope from a hundred miles away, and youll understand how hard it is to find planets that are light years distant. Clearly, something changed, for we now have a class called Extrasolar Planetology. What changed? Well, mai
36、nly, instruments got better and sophisticated telescopes were put into space. As a result, astronomers began to find the proof that they had lacked before. The very first good evidence for the existence of other planets came from observations of wobbling stars. Using their high-tech instruments and
37、space-based telescopes, astronomers found that some stars wobbled as they moved through space. What could be causing this the astronomers wondered? And then Eureka! The only likely explanation seemed to be that these stars were being affected by the gravity of unseen orbiting companions. In other wo
38、rds-planets! And now, if you would please turn off the lights, I would like to show you some slides of a few of these wobbling stars. 13 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。讲座开头有 “which is a new class”，可知是一门新课。选项 C很荒谬。 【知识模块】 短文 14 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题 。讲座人对行星的看法是 :它们太渺小，而太空广袤。(Simply put， planets are small and spac
39、e is vast )此题的考点位于话语转换词“Simply put”后，有提示作用，考生在听的过程中应留意。 【知识模块】 短文 15 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。是什么在影响恒星。根据讲座内容，是来自行星的引力，从 “The only likely explanation seemed to be that these stars were being affected by the gravity of unseen orbiting companions In other words-planets!”可知。根据常理也可推断出其他选项都是不合理的。 【知识模块】 短文 16
40、 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。接下来的讲座内容是什么，根据最后一句话 “And now, if you would please turnoff the lights， I would like to show you some slides of a few of these wobbling(闪烁的 )stars ”可知。 【知识模块】 短文 17 【听力原文】 Class, before I let you go today, I want to tell you about a fascinating program that is going to be on in fo
41、ur days at 8 p.m. on Channel 12. Its part of the “Great Minds in Psychology“ series that has been on Public TV this year. The subject of Mondays program will be Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. The program explains how Freud pioneered the technique of psychoanalysis, and it looks at Freuds inve
42、stigations into the internal conflicts between the conscious and unconscious. As you know from taking this class, Freud split the psyche into three parts: the id, the ego and the super ego. The program covers this fairly well, and everything is illustrated with great computer animation that makes th
43、e explanations really easy to grasp. One more thing I like is that Freuds controversial ideas are shown without bias, for the narrative is fair and balanced, as well as scholarly. There are no Freud lovers or Freud bashers here. You really should make an effort to watch this show, especially since s
44、ome questions about Sigmund Freud will be on the quiz next Tuesday. But more than that, I think you will find the hour-long show to be both interesting and informative. By the way, it says here in the program notes that the following weeks program will be about Carl Jung. I just hope that its as goo
45、d and evenhanded as this one is about Sigmund Freud. Well, thats all I have for today. Tomorrow is a holiday, so I will see you Monday afternoon. Oh, and please make sure you bring in your homework when I see you next time. Bye and have a good holiday! 17 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 推理题。询问什么课程能听到这样的讲座。从讲座中的关键词“
46、psychology”， “Sigmund Freud”， “Carl Jung”等可知是心理学课程。 【知识模块】 短文 18 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 推理题。本次讲座的时间。讲座开头有 “program that is going to be on in four days”(四天之内 )， “Mondays program”星期一的节目， “Tomorrow is a holiday, so I will see you Monday afternoon”，由此推断本次讲座的时间是星期四。 【知识模块】 短文 19 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。讲座者对节目的评价。 “
47、One more thing I like is that Freuds controversial ideas are shown without bias， for the narrative is fair and balanced, as well as scholarly”中有关键词 “without bias”， “fair”等表明是 “公正的 ”。此题考查说话者态度，听时需关注录音中的形容词。 【知识模块】 短文 20 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。询问电视节目呈现的观点。讲座中有关键词 “controversial ideas”(富有争议性的思想 )。 【知识模块 】 短文
