1、专业英语四级（短文听力）模拟试卷 5及答案与解析 SECTION B PASSAGES Directions: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 1 Why do the changes in climate occur? （ A） Because the energy system is complicated. （ B） Because land, water, and ice
2、 each affect the energy exchange differently. （ C） Because the energy balance of the Earth is disturbed. （ D） Because solar energy is radiated by the Earths surface as heat. 2 Tons of particles dispersed by large volcanoes result in （ A） a rise in temperature of the Earths surface. （ B） a cooling of
3、 the Earths surface. （ C） complete darkness on Earths surface. （ D） a lack of water on Earths surface. 3 A complete explanation of climate change should involve （ A） several different mechanisms operating at the same time. （ B） one specific mechanism operating at different time. （ C） several differe
4、nt mechanisms operating at different time. （ D） one specific mechanism operating during a certain period of time. 4 According to the experiments, many blind people （ A） sleep at daytime. （ B） can sleep at any time. （ C） have different sleep cycle with sighted people. （ D） have the same sleep cycle a
5、s sighted people. 5 What “programs“ sighted people to sleep at night? （ A） A decrease in melatonin level. （ B） An increase in melatonin level. （ C） Personal habits. （ D） Psychological hint. 6 Through Dr. Charles Czeislers experiment, we know that （ A） blind people cannot tell their brain when there
6、was more light. （ B） the level of melatonin does not change in blind peoples blood. （ C） facing light, the level of melatonin in blind people will increase. （ D） not all the blind people have sensibility to light. 7 Which of the following descriptions is CORRECT? （ A） The first magazine was called T
7、he News. （ B） The first magazine was started in New York. （ C） The first magazine was started in 1714. （ D） The first magazine was a little periodical. 8 The Review focused on （ A） domestic issues and politics. （ B） love and marriage. （ C） family life. （ D） friendship. 9 Daniel Defoe was thrown in j
8、ail because （ A） he told lies in writings. （ B） his writings criticized the policies of the Church of England. （ C） his writings were related with copyright infringement. （ D） he wrote the first issue of The Review from prison. 10 The new magazine Toiler contained the following parts EXCEPT （ A） ser
9、ial story. （ B） poetry. （ C） political analysis. （ D） philosophical essays. 专业英语四级（短文听力）模拟试卷 5答案与解析 SECTION B PASSAGES Directions: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 1 【听力原文】 Today I want to talk about the Eart
10、hs last major climatic shift, at the end of the last ice age. But first, lets back up a moment and review what we know about climatic change in general. We defined “climate“ as consistent patterns of weather over significant periods of time. In general, changes in climate occur when the energy balan
11、ce of the Earth is disturbed. Solar energy enters the Earths atmosphere as light and is radiated by the Earths surface as heat. Land, water, and ice each affect this energy exchange differently. The system is so complex that, to date, our best computer models are only crude approximations and are no
12、t sophisticated enough to test hypotheses about the causes of climatic change. Of course, that doesnt keep us from speculating. For instance, volcanic activity is one mechanism that might affect climatic change. (12)When large volcanoes erupt, they disperse tons of particles into the upper atmospher
13、e, where the particles then reflect light. Since less light is entering the system of energy exchange, the result would be a cooling of the Earths surface. Of course, this is just one possible mechanism of global climate change. In all probability, (13) a complete explanation would involve several d
14、ifferent mechanisms operating at the same time. 1 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 短文 2 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 短文 3 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 短文 4 【听力原文】 Did you ever wonder why it is that most people are “programmed“ to sleep at night instead of during the day? If theres something about the cycle of light and dark thats telling us
15、when to sleep, then shouldnt the sleep cycle of a blind person be different? (14) It turns out that many blind people do have the same sleep cycle as sighted people. How can this happen? The answer is; hormones one hormone called melatonin in particular. (15) In sighted people, the level of melatoni
16、n goes up at night or when its dark and goes down in the day or when its light-Its believed that its the presence of this hormone in the blood that gives us the urge to sleep. If an increase in melatonin level “programs“ sighted people to sleep at night, then what about blind people? A researcher na
17、med Dr. Charles Czeisler tells about an interesting experiment. He tried shining a bright light into the eyes of some blind people. (16) When he did this, he noticed that the level of the melatonin in the blood of these subjects went down just as it would do for sighted people. Somehow, the eyes of
18、these subjects, even though they were damaged and had no visual perception of light, could tell their brain when there was more or less light. However, this doesnt work for all blind people. Further research may be able to explain this sensitivity to light in terms of the type of blindness of the su
19、bject. 4 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 短文 5 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 短文 6 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 短文 7 【听力原文】 Moving away from newspapers, lets now focus on magazines. (17)Now, the first magazine was a little periodical called The Review, and it was started in London in 1704. It looked a lot like the newspapers of the time, but i
20、n terms of its content, it was much different. Newspapers were concerned mainly with news events, (18)but The Review focused on important domestic issues of the day, as well as the policies of the government. In England at that time, people could still be thrown in jail for publishing articles that
21、were critical of the king. And thats what happened to Daniel Defoe he was the outspoken founder of The Review. Defoe actually wrote the first issue of The Review from prison! You see, (19) he had been arrested because of his writings that criticized the policies of the Church of England, which was h
22、eaded by the king. After his release, Defoe continued to produce The Review, and the magazine started to appear on a more frequent schedule, about three times a week. It didnt take long for other magazines to start popping up. (20) In 1709, a magazine called The Taller began publication. This new magazine contained a mixture of news, poetry, political analysis, and philosophical essays. 7 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 短文 8 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 短文 9 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 短文 10 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 短文
