1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 106及答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 0 A Professor stood before his philosophy class and
2、had some items in front of him. When the class began, wordlessly, he picked up a very large and empty mayonnaise jar and proceeded to fill it with golf balls. He then asked the students if the jar was full. They agreed that it was. So the Professor then picked up a box of pebbles and poured them int
3、o the jar. He shook the jar lightly. The pebbles rolled into the open areas between the golf balls. He then asked the students again if the jar was full. They agreed it was. The Professor next picked up a box of sand and poured it into the jar. Of course, the sand filled up everything else. He asked
4、 once more if the jar was full. The students responded with a unanimous “Yes.“ The Professor then produced two cans of beer from under the table and poured the entire contents into the jar, effectively filling the empty space between the sand. The students laughed. “Now,“ said the Professor, as the
5、laughter subsided, “I want you to recognize that this jar represents your life. The golf balls are the important things your family, your children, your health, your friends, your favorite passions things that if everything else was lost and only they remained, your life would still be full. The peb
6、bles are the other things that matter like your job, your house, your car. The sand is everything else the small stuff.“ “If you put the sand into the jar first“, he continued, “there is no room for the pebbles or the golf balls. The same goes for life. If you spend all your time and energy on the s
7、mall stuff, you will never have room for the things that are important to you. Pay attention to the things that are critical to your happiness. Play with your children. Take time to get medical checkups. Take your partner out to dinner. Play another 18. There will always be time to clean the house,
8、and fix the disposal. Take care of the golf balls first, the things that really matter. Set your priorities. The rest is just sand.“ When he had finished, there was a profound silence. Then one of the students raised her hand and with a puzzled expression, inquired what the beer represented. The Pro
9、fessor smiled. “Im glad you asked. It just goes to show you that no matter how full your life may seem, theres always room for a couple of beers.“ Lesson: When things in your life seem almost too much to handle, when 24 hours in a day are not e-nough, remember the mayonnaise jar. and the beer. 1 The
10、 professor illustrated his point by _. （ A） analogy （ B） exemplifying （ C） punning （ D） personification 2 By writing the story, the author intends to be _. （ A） philosophical （ B） enlightening （ C） encouraging （ D） informative 3 What would the professor compare house cleaning to? 3 On one of the she
11、lves of an old dresser, in company with old and dusty sauce-boats, jugs, dishes and plates, and paid bills, rested a worn and ragged Bible, on whose front page was the record, in faded ink, of a baptism dated ninety-four years ago. “Martha Crale“ was the name written on mat yellow page. The yellow,
12、wrinkled old dame who moved slowly and muttered about the kitchen, looking like a dead autumn leaf which the winter winds still pushed here and mere, had once been Martha Crale; for seventy old years she had been Martha Mountjoy. For longer man anyone could remember she had paced to and fro between
13、oven and wash-house and dairy, and out to chicken-run and garden, grumbling and muttering and scolding, but working unceasingly. Emma Ladbruk, of whose coming she took as little notice as she would of a bee wandering in at a window on a summers day, used at first to watch her with a kind of frighten
14、ed curiosity. She was so old and so much a part of the place, it was difficult to mink of her exactly as a living thing. Old Shep, the white-nosed, stiff-limbed shepherd dog, waiting for his time to die, seemed almost more human man the withered, dried-up old woman. He had been a noisy, excited pupp
15、y, mad with the joy of life, when she was already a weak and tottering dame; now he was just a blind, breathing animal body, nothing more, and she still worked with frail energy, still swept and baked and washed, fetched and carried. If there were something in these wise old dogs that did not perish
16、 utterly with death, Emma used to think to herself, what generations of ghost-dogs mere must be out on those hills, that Martha had reared and fed and tended and spoken a last goodbye word to in mat old kitchen. And what memories she must have of human generations mat had passed away in her time. It
17、 was difficult for anyone, let alone a stranger like Emma, to get her to talk of the days that had been; her shrill, quivering speech was of doors mat had been left unfastened, pails that had got mislaid, calves whose feeding-time was overdue, and me various little faults that change a farmhouse rou
18、tine. Now and again, when election time came round, she would unstore her recollections of the old names round which the fight had waged in the days gone by. There had been a Palmerston, that had been a name down Tiverton way; Tiverton was not a far journey as the crow flies, but to Martha it was al
19、most a foreign country. Later there had been Northcotes and Aclands, and many other newer names that she had forgotten; the names changed, but it was always Libruls and Toories, Yellows and Blues. And they always quarrelled and shouted as to who was right and who was wrong. The one they quarrelled a
20、bout most was a fine old gentleman with an angry face she had seen his picture on the walls. She had seen it on the floor too, with a rotten apple squashed over it, for the farm had changed its politics from time to time. Martha had never been on one side or the other, none of “they“ had ever done m
21、e farm a stroke of good Such was her sweeping verdict, given with all a peasants distrust of the outside world. 4 The description of Old Shep and the wise old dogs was intended to illustrate _. （ A） Emmas frightened curiosity about Martha Crale （ B） the mysterious life of Martha Crale （ C） Martha Cr
22、ales frail but tough physical condition （ D） Martha Crales closer relation with dog man with human 5 When Martha Crale began to talk, _. （ A） she liked to find fault with farmhouse routine （ B） people were annoyed by her voice （ C） it would be quite impossible to interrupt her （ D） she could always
23、attract strangers 6 The “old gentleman with an angry face“ was most probably _. （ A） a farm hand as common as Martha （ B） a debater from a nearby village （ C） an advocate of farm reform （ D） a candidate of an election 6 He is fearless, altruistic, steel-willed, hospitable, unbelievably hardy, unpret
24、entious and warm and he has lost none of these qualities since becoming Russias president. It is a scrupulously unbiased snapshot of Vladimir Putin if you believe the author of the first volume of a Kremlin-backed trilogy on Putins life, written in the unmistakable style the Soviets once reserved fo
25、r Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin. “I do not think it is a eulogy. I simply conveyed what people(who met Putin)said,“ Oleg Blotsky told a news conference on Monday as he posed for photos with his “Vladimir Putin“. The book, complete with a genealogical tree back to the beginning of the 18th century
26、and a chapter dedicated to Putins ancestors, spans from his birth to the start of his career as a KGB spy. Putin contributed to the work with extensive interviews to Blotsky. The result is a selection of memories by Putins friends and acquaintances who hold nothing but the warmest recollections of h
27、im. The only person in the book who does not heap praise on the president is Putin himself, who is characteristically humble. Praise bestowed on the Kremlin leader ranges from young judoist Putin fighting “like a snow leopard“ to many years later his being visibly moved when decorated war veterans i
28、n the Kremlin stood up in salute as he entered the hall. It opens with the Kremlin generously answering an old womans plea addressed in a letter to “V. V. Putin, the Kremlin, Moscow“ to help erect a decent tombstone on the grave of Putins first teacher. One account portrays Putin as a man who would
29、stop at nothing to win a fight. “He would scratch, bite, snatch tufts of hair, do anything to avoid being humiliated in any way,“ an old friend said. But young Putin is also an ordinary boy, frightened by a looming visit to the dentist. The book is written in simple easy-to-read Russian. Blotsky sai
30、d neither Putin nor any other Kremlin official ever sought to censor his work or steer it in a specific direction. Putin only read the book when it hit shop shelves last week, he said. The books first run of 15,000 copies was selling well in Moscow shops and China, Bulgaria and Slovenia have shown a
31、n interest in issuing a translation, the publisher said. Blotsky, who said he was a converted Putinist after his audiences with the president, said he was already working on the second volume of his series “Vladimir Putin: Rise to Power“. 7 What do we know about Lenins biography according to the sec
32、ond paragraph? （ A） It was the first perfect biography without mistakes in Soviet history. （ B） It was written in the form of a scrupulously unbiased snapshot. （ C） It was written by the same author of Putins biography. （ D） It was a voluminous Kremlin-backed biography. 8 Putin was deeply touched by
33、 the war veterans when _. （ A） they sang high praise of him （ B） he recalled their heroic deeds （ C） they saluted him with respect （ D） he decorated them in the Kremlin 8 Coketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and the ashes had allowed it; but as matters
34、stood it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery and tall chimneys, out of which smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with ill-smelling dye, and vast piles of buildings full of
35、windows where there was a rattling and a trembling all day long, and where the piston of the steam-engine worked monotonously up and down like the head of an elephant in a state of madness. The town contained several large streets all very like one another, and many small streets still more like one
36、 another, inhabited by people equally like one another. A sunny midsummer day. There was such a thing sometimes, even in Coketown. Seen from a distance in such weather, Coketown lay covered in a haze of its own. You only knew the town was there, because you knew there could have been no such blotch
37、upon the view without a town. The streets were hot and dusty on the summer day, and the sun was so bright that it even shone through the haze over Coketown, and could not be looked at steadily. Workers emerged from low underground doorways into factory yards, and sat on posts and steps, wiping their
38、 faces and contemplating coals. The whole town seemed to be frying in oil. There was a stifling smell of hot oil everywhere. The atmosphere of those places was like the breath of hell, and their inhabitants wasting with heat, toiled languidly in the desert. But no temperature made the mad elephants
39、more mad or more sane. Their wearisome heads went up and down at the same rate, in hot weather and in cold, wet weather and dry, fair weather and foul. The measured motion of their shadows on the walls, was the substitute Coketown had to show for the shadows of rustling woods; while for the summer h
40、um of insects, it could offer all the year round, from the dawn of Monday to the night of Saturday, the whirr of shafts and wheels. 9 Which of the following adjectives is NOT appropriate to describe Coketown? （ A） Dull. （ B） Dirty. （ C） Noisy. （ D） Savage. 10 From the passage we know that Coketown w
41、as mainly a(n)_town. （ A） industrial （ B） agricultural （ C） residential （ D） commercial 11 Which is the authors opinion of Coketown? （ A） Coketown should be replaced by woods. （ B） The town was seriously polluted. （ C） The town had too much oil in it. （ D） The towns atmosphere was traditional. 二、 SE
42、CTION B In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with No more than TEN words in the space provided. 12 What did the professor advice the students to do by giving the lecture? 13 When Emma Ladbruk came to visit, what was Martha Cra
43、les attitude? 14 What does “a eulogy“(Para. 3)mean in the passage? 15 With what attitude does Blotsky regard Putin, after interviewing him several times? 16 What were the only things that were not affected by weather? 专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 106答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages fo
44、llowed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 从文章可以看出，教授在一个美乃滋罐子里面分别装入高尔夫球、鹅卵石、沙子和啤酒比喻人生的主次轻重，故应选 A。本题没有提供关于某人的真实例子，因此 B不正确； C是 “双关 ”的意思，本文也没有使用语带双关的单词或句
45、子，因此 C不正确； D(拟人 )也没有原文依据。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 这篇文章借助哲学教授的一堂课去说明一个生活态度的问题，可见本文具有 “教导 ”的功能，因此本题应选 B。本题最具干扰性的是 A。本文虽然一开始就提到这是一节哲学课，但作者只是利用哲学课为背景说明一个人生的道理，因此，这篇文章并不真的与科学意义上的 “哲学 ”有关，因此 A是不正确的。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 The sand 【试题解析】 在本文中，教授用高尔夫球、鹅卵石和沙子比喻生活中必须做的事。最重要的事比喻为高尔夫球，最不重要的比喻为沙子。第 8段倒数第 3句中的 T
46、here will always be time to 表明教授认为 house cleaning不是什么重要的事，再结合后两句的内容，可以推断 house cleaning是 “沙子 ”，因此答案为 the sand。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 从第 9句中的插入成分 Emma used to think to herself可以推断从第 5句到第 9句都是为了说明 Emma对 Martha Crale的感觉。第 5句首先提到Emma对 Martha Crale充满了 frightened curiosity第 7、 8句对比 Old She
47、p和Martha Crale，第 9句 Emma对 wise old dogs以及 Martha Crale的猜测，都是为了说明为什么 Emma会对 Martha Crale充满了 frightened curiosity，可见本题应选 A。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 第 11句中的 speech was of 表明 Martha Crale的谈话内容关于 “忘了关好的门、放错地方的水桶、牲口迟了喂食、种 种小错误 ”等内容，由此可见，本题应选 A。 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 从第 12句到最后一句可以划分为本文的最后一部分，里面提到
48、的专有名词 Palmerston， Northcotes等都与 election有关，这应该是某个候选人或某个党派。根据倒数第 3、 4句提到的有人把他的画像挂在墙上，有人把他的画像踩在地上等内容可以推断这个人应该是参加某次政治选举的候选人他在村民中引起很多争议。在 4个选项中， D与这个内容关系最密切，为本题答案。 【知识模块】 阅读 【 知识模块】 阅读 7 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第 2段表示列宁传记是以 the unmistakable style写成的，而现在这种 unmistakable style再次被用于普京传记的写作上，根据上下文可以推断 the unmistakab
49、le style指的是该段开头提到的 a scrupulously unbiased snapshot，由此可见， B是正确的说法。 【知识模块】 阅读 8 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 原文第 6段末尾提到老兵看到普京的时候都 “站起来向他致 敬 ”， C正是对这个内容的近义改写，因此这就是本题答案。 A与 salute的意思不相同，老兵并没有开口 “高赞 ”普京，只是 “站起来敬礼 ”； D中的 decorated来自原文，原文暗示那些老兵接受了授勋仪式之后普京才到达，可见并不是南普京为老兵们授勋的，因此 D不正确。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据第 1段倒数第 2句中的 monotonously一词，可知它很沉闷(A)；从第 1段第 1句中的 the smoke and the ashes的描述中，可以得 出这个小镇很脏 (B)；根据本文的最后一句，小镇终年有 whirr of shafts and wheels，可知它很嘈杂 (C)。第 1句提到 “野蛮人的彩脸 ”是个比喻，并不是说 coketown野蛮，因此答案是 D。 【知识模块】
