1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 109及答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 0 One of the good things for men in womens liberatio
2、n is that men no longer have to pay women the old-fashioned courtesies. In an article on the new manners, Ms. Holmes says that a perfectly able woman no longer has to act helplessly in public as if she were a model. For example, she doesnt need help getting in and out of cars. “Women get in and out
3、of cars twenty times a day with babies and dogs. Surely they can get out by themselves at night just as easily.“ She also says there is no reason why a man should walk on the outside of a woman on the sidewalk. “Historically, the man walked on the inside so he caught the garbage thrown out of a wind
4、ow. Today a man is supposed to walk on the outside. A man should walk where he wants to. So should a woman. If, out of love and respect, he actually wants to take the blows, he should walk on the inside because thats where attackers are all hiding these days.“ As far as manners are connected, I supp
5、osed I have always been a supporter of womens liberation. Over the years, out of a sense of respect, I imagine, I have refused to trouble women with outdated courtesies. It is usually easier to follow rules of social behaviour than to depend on ones own taste. But rules may be safely broken, of cour
6、se, by those of us with the gift of natural grace. For example, when a man and woman are led to their table in a restaurant and the waiter pulls out a chair, the woman is expected to sit in the chair. That is according to Ms. Ann Clark. I have always done it the other way, according to my wife. It c
7、ame up only the other night. I followed the hostess to the table, and when she pulled the chair out I sat on it, quite naturally, since it happened to be the chair I wanted to sit in. “Well,“ my wife said, when the hostess had gone, “you did it again.“ “Did what?“I asked, utterly confused. “Took the
8、 chair.“ Actually, since Id walked through the restaurant ahead of my wife, it would have been awkward, I should think, not to have taken the chair. I had got there first, after all. Also, it has always been my custom to get in a car first, and let the woman get in by herself. This is a courtesy I i
9、nsist on as the stronger sex, out of love and respect. In times like these, there might be attackers hidden about. It would be unsuitable to put a woman in a car and then shut the door on her, leaving her at the mercy of some bad fellow who might be hiding in the back seat. 1 It can be concluded fro
10、m the passage that_. （ A） men should walk on the inside of a sidewalk （ B） women are becoming more capable than before （ C） in womens liberation men are also liberated （ D） its safe to break rules of social behaviour 2 He “took the chair“ for all the following reasons EXCEPT that _. （ A） he got to t
11、he chair first （ B） he happened to like the seat （ C） his wife ordered him to do so （ D） hed walked ahead of his wife 3 Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? （ A） Manners ought to be thrown away altogether. （ B） In manners one should follow his own judgement. （ C） Women no
12、 longer need to be helped in public. （ D） Men are not expected to be courteous to women. 3 People have been painting pictures for at least 30,000 years. The earliest pictures were painted by people who hunted animals. They used to paint pictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill. Pictures
13、 of this kind have been found on the walls of caves in France and Spain. No one knows why they were painted there. Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals. Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories in pictures. About 5,000 years ago th
14、e Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as a kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also to represent the sounds of their language. The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet. The Egyptians used to record informat
15、ion and to tell stories by putting picture-writing and pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures are like modern comic-strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is
16、the home of the comic strip. But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way of writing simple. The ordinary people could not understand it. By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developed a simpler system of
17、 writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and there were fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter, represented only one sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the i
18、dea, and the Roman alphabet is now used all over the world. These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But we still need pictures of all kinds: drawings, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and o
19、n the walls of the places where we live and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they can make a story much more interesting. 4 The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasons EXCEPT that _. （ A） the former was easy to write
20、（ B） there were fewer signs in the former （ C） the former was easy to pronounce （ D） each sign stood for only one sound 5 Which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet. （ B） The Egyptians liked to write comic-strip stories. （ C） The Roman alpha
21、bet was developed from the Egyptian one. （ D） The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians. 6 In the last paragraph, the author thinks that pictures _. （ A） should be made comprehensible （ B） should be made interesting （ C） are of much use in our life （ D） are disappearing from our life
22、 6 Surprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept. We know that more than 850,000 children go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right t
23、o continue to receive education while in hospital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital. Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half the
24、hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter have only a part-time teacher. The special childrens hospitals in major cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off. From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five childr
25、en have some contact with a hospital teacher and that contact may be as little as two hours a day. Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been prepared for it by parents or their own school. If there was a teacher they were much more likely to rea
26、d books and do math or number work; without a teacher they would only play games. Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied, and the latter is often all the teacher can do. The position and influence of
27、many teachers was summed up when parents referred to them as “the library lady“ or just “the helper“. Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work. Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school, children
28、rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up as best they can. Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed. 7 It can be inferred from the latest survey that _. （ A） hospital
29、teaching across the country is similar （ B） each hospital has at least one part-time teacher （ C） all hospitals surveyed offer education to children （ D） only one-fourth of the hospitals have full-time teachers 8 Children in hospital usually turn to_ in order to catch up with their school work. （ A）
30、 hospital teachers （ B） schoolmates （ C） parents （ D） school teachers 9 We can conclude from* the passage that the author is _ （ A） unfavourable towards children receiving education in hospitals （ B） in favour of the present state of teaching in hospitals （ C） unsatisfied with the present state of h
31、ospital teaching （ D） satisfied with the results of the latest survey 9 Clearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses,
32、 buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations where we give information or opinions, receive news or comment, and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society. Face-to-face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the la
33、st two hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dominating factors of contemporary society. Two things, above others, have caused the enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio
34、 and television. Secondly, speed has revolutionised the transmission and reception of communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news, which itself is often almost eclipsed by international news. No longer is the possession of information confined to a privileged minority.
35、 In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries. Forty years ago people used to flock to the cinema, but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a programme that is being channelled into millions of homes. Commu
36、nication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information. The modern communication industry influences the way people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and entertainment. The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries a
37、re all involved with informing, educating and entertaining. Although a great deal of the material communicated by the mass media is very valuable to the individual and to the society of which he is a part, the vast modern network of communications is open to abuse. However, the mass media are with u
38、s for better, for worse, and there is no turning back. 10 In the first paragraph the writer emphasizes the _ of face-to-face contact in social settings. （ A） nature （ B） limitation （ C） usefulness （ D） creativity 11 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） To possess information used to
39、be a privilege. （ B） Public libraries have replaced private libraries. （ C） Communication means more than transmission. （ D） Information influences ways of life and thinking. 二、 SECTION B In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions w
40、ith No more than TEN words in the space provided. 12 What is the authors tone in this passage when he discusses the question of manners and womens liberation? 13 Where did the language in which each sign, or letter represented only one sound originate? 14 What do parents think of the role of teacher
41、s by referring to them as “the library lady“ or “the helper“? 15 What does “be eclipsed by“(Para. 2)mean in the context? 16 Which paragraph is about the various functions of communication industry in our life? 专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 109答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed b
42、y ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 文章第 1句表明男性现在不必再受一些传统礼仪的约束，而这种变化是妇女解放运动所带来的，这意味着妇女解放从某种意义上也解放了男性，所以 C为答案。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 根据第 10段第 2句可排除
43、 A；根据第 6段第 2句可排除 B；根据第 10段第 1句可排除 D，只有 C在原 文中没有提到，所以为正确选项。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 全文的中心是在社会礼仪规范方面应该根据自己的判断决定应有的举止风度，如第 3段的第 4、 5句，作者借 Ms Holmes的话表达了自己的观点：男女都有权利根据自己的意愿决定自己的举止行为。而作者通过自己的经历也说明，在社交礼仪方面，顺其自然是最佳选择，无需盲目跟从老套的规范。所以 B为正确选项，而其他三个选项都是对文中某些信息片面的理解。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 文章第
44、 4段从第 2句开始提到了新的书写体系的特点， A、 B的相关信息在第 4段第 2句。 D的相关信息在第 4段的第 3句，只有 C没有在文中提及，因此选 C。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 文章第 2段最后一句提到 “埃及人所使用的符号变成了一种字母系统 ”， A符合题意，故为答案。 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 这道题考查对文章最后一段意思的归纳。最后一段提到我们仍然到处都能看到图片，而且最后一句提到了图画的重要作用，因此 C符合题意。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 7 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据提示词 “the lat
45、est survey”可在文章第 3段找到相关信息。本段第 2、 3句说，有半数医院没有配教师，还有四分之一医院的只有兼职教师，由此可推断只有四分之一的医院有全职教师，故本题答案为 D。 【知识模块】 阅读 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本文第 6段第 1句说， “孩子们倾向于通过学校的朋友来了解学校课程 ”，故选 B。 【知识模块】 阅读 9 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题询问作者对医院内教学状况的态度。全文表明，目前医院内的教学状况不尽如人意。例如：尽管每个儿童在住院时都有受教育的权利，但实际上每 1000个住院儿童只配有 1位教师。英格兰收治儿童的医院中有一半都没有教师，还有
46、四分之一的医院只有兼职教师。而在有教师的医院里，儿童与教师接触的时间仅有两个小时。因此 C为正确选项。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本文第 1段介绍了在日常生活中的许多场合人们都有可能发生面对面的交流，在这些 场合中人们通过交谈发出信息或提出观点，听到新闻或评论，而且自己的观点还有可能受到别人的质疑，这些都表明了面对面交流的用途。因此 C正确。 A不对，面对面交流的本质应当涉及这种交流方式的特点，以及与别的交流方式的不同之处，而本文第 1段并没有谈到这些方面的内容。 【知识模块】 阅读 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 根据第 3段第 2句
47、可知，在上个世纪，那些拥有私人图书馆的富人的确是幸运的，但是如今有了公共图书馆。但是此句并不是说公共图书馆取代了私人图书室，而且从日常的事实也可以知道，两者是共存的，因此 B符合题意。 【知识模块】 阅读 二、 SECTION B In this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with No more than TEN words in the space provided. 12 【正确答案】 Joking /Teas
48、ing /Humorous 【试题解析】 作者在文章中多处流露出调侃的语气。如第 4段的第 2句，作者说， “多年以来，出于对女士的尊敬，我不会用一些过时的礼仪来麻烦她们。 ”又如第 5段的第 2句，作者说某些规矩有时也会被像自己这样有 “自然风度 ”的人 “安全地 ”违反。这些说法都显得似是而非，但听起来又很有道理。作者随后举出的例子也证明了这一点。在餐厅先于女士坐下，先于女士上车，都被作 者以各种理由巧妙地解释过去了。由此可见，本文带着轻松幽默、调侃的语气，可以表达为joking，或 teasing，或 humorous。 【知识模块】 阅读 13 【正确答案】 Around the Me
49、diterranean Sea 【试题解析】 第 4段主要介绍发源自地中海附近的语言，本段中的所有代词，如第 2句中的 The signs they used和 them，第 3句中的 This，第 4句中的 this system等，指的都是地中海地区的居民和他们的语言体系，由此可见，第 3句中提到的一个符号 或者一个字母就代表一个发音的那种语言就是本段主要介绍的地中海附近的语言。 【知识模块】 阅读 14 【正确答案】 Not significant /Not effective /Not influential./Not helpful 【试题解析】 第 5段提到了驻院教师可以做什么，而该段末尾的 the latter是指前面提到过的 keeping a child occupied，即驻院教师通常只能让住院的小孩 “有点事做 ”，小孩并不能真的像上学那样学知识，所以第 6段里面家长才会把驻院教师形容为 the library lady或 the helper，也就是说，家长并没有把他们当教师，他们只是给点书孩子们看、帮忙看看孩子。由此可见，家长应该会认为驻院教师没有起到什么作用，故本题可以围绕 “作用不大
