1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 111及答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 0 The idea to remodel your bathroom can come as an i
2、dea to augment your house value or simply to make it into the haven you have always wanted. Whichever reason is yours, to make everything you do to implement your bathroom-remodeling ideas fully realizable, you should look to these inexpensive and easy-to-install ideas. When you remodel a bathroom,
3、you can change aspects from lighting to fixtures. In the bathroom you want to have adequate lighting. Some ideas would be changing harsh lighting with staged lighting, or even lights at the vanity and near the bathtub. Changing lighting wont break your budget, as a lot of fixtures can be inexpensive
4、. You can also save money by doing it yourself. Yet, know when to hire outside help, such as a local remodeling contractor. You can check yellow pages, and online to find one near you. All you need to do is Google “local city remodeling“ and see what comes up. When remodeling a bathroom you should a
5、lways listen to the advice of your contractor on what type would be best suited for your project. You are paying a remodeling contractor to do the work, he/she should have the best knowledge of what will look the best with the decor and usage of such things as shower heads, faucets, lighting and oth
6、er fixtures. Chances are he/she may also be able to get better quality and pricing on all fixtures especially if he/she is well established. Not to mention the contractor will also know what types will really increase the value of your home. Buy more tiles than you believe you will need in order to
7、line the floor, if not the walls. It will be far more costly and time-consuming to locate tiles that even come close to a replica of yours if you search for them years after buying the initial batch. For the duration of your homeownership, youll probably require spare tiles if single ones are damage
8、d. Also, excess tiles may be transformed into accent items for your bathroom, such as decorations by the light switches, bathroom tissue dispensers, mirrors, and even towel racks. Once a-gain, the local remodeling contractors are experienced and will attend to these pre-planning items for you. To ga
9、in more space in the bathroom replace your big vanity with a small pedestal sink. You can add more shelves in other parts of the room. A pedestal sink will take up less space and make your bathroom look bigger than before. Avoid filling up expanded space with items you will not use. Do you really ne
10、ed that many different shampoos? You should only need a small amount of space for these products like the top of the toilet or built in shelves. With the knowledge of various remodeling bathroom ideas from luxury developer Pendleton Homes out of Mclean Virginia you can re-exam your own ideas and lea
11、rn how to create your own remodel bathroom ideas. Pendleton Homes has great advice to help you with remodel bathroom ideas, these ideas also include pictures in which you may want to mix up a couple to make it look as if you were the one who had the great remodel bathroom idea. Just learning a littl
12、e might even make your new bathroom the envy of many and your sanctuary of pleasure. As you consider remodel bathroom ideas, make sure that the lighting is appropriate. If youre thinking about upgrading your bathroom, something as simple as installing new steel fixtures, such as showerheads and fauc
13、ets, can breathe new life into your old restroom. Start by finding a reliable agent, who will be able to assist you in completing the project. 1 The author suggests that harsh lighting in the bathroom should be changed into _. （ A） lights that are used for performance （ B） lights whose brightness is
14、 adjustable （ C） lights that give off soft light （ D） lights that are less expensive 2 A _ contractor is most possibly able to offer you fixtures at more reasonable prices. （ A） competent （ B） creative （ C） creditable （ D） considerate 3 “accent items“ in the bathroom are primarily intended to _. （ A
15、） make the most of the excess tiles （ B） protect the home from damage （ C） enhance the coziness of home （ D） save time in future shopping 3 Latino youths need better education for Arizona to take full advantage of the possibilities their exploding population offers. Arizonas fast-growing Latino popu
16、lation offers the state tremendous promise and a challenge. Even more than the aging of the baby boomers, the Latino boom is fundamentally reorienting the states economic and social structure. Immigration and natural increase have added 600,000 young Latino residents to the states population in the
17、past decade. Half of the population younger than 18 in both Phoenix and Tucson is now Latino. Within 20 years, Latinos will make up half of the homegrown entry-level labor pool in the states two largest labor markets. What is more, Hispanics are becoming key economic players. Most people dont notice
18、 it, but Latinos born in Arizona make up much of their immigrant parents economic and educational deficits. For example, second-generation Mexican-Americans secure an average of 12 grades of schooling where their parents obtained less than nine. That means they erase 70 percent of their parents lag
19、behind third-generation non-Hispanic Whites in a single generation. All of this hands of the state a golden opportunity. At a time when many states will struggle with labor shortages because of modest population growth, Arizona has a priceless chance to build a populous, hardworking and skilled work
20、force on which to base future prosperity. The problem is that Arizona and its Latino residents may not be able to seize this opportunity. Far too many of Arizonas Latinos drop out of high school or fail to obtain the basic education needed for more advanced study. As a result, educational deficits a
21、re holding back many Latinos and the state as well. To be sure, construction and low-end service jobs continue to absorb tens of thousands of Latino immigrants with little formal education. But over the long term, most of Arizonas Latino citizens remain ill-prepared to prosper in an increasingly dem
22、anding knowledge economy. For the reason, the educational uplift of Arizonas huge Latino population must move to the center of the states agenda. After all, the education deficits of Arizonas Latino population will severely cramp the fortunes of hardworking people if they go unaddressed and could we
23、ll undercut the states ability to compete in the new economy. At the entry level, slower growth rates may create more competition for low-skill jobs, displacing Latinos from a significant means of support. At the higher end, shortages of Latinos educationally ready to move up will make it that much
24、harder for Knowledge-based companies staff high-skill positions. 4 What can be inferred from the third paragraph? （ A） The Latino population in Arizona is made up of Hispanics and Mexican-Americans. （ B） The first-generation Latinos are immigrants instead of being born in America. （ C） 70 percent of
25、 the first-generation Latinos had less schooling than nine years. （ D） The educational system used to be in favor of the non-Hispanic Whites. 5 “educational deficits“(Line 5, Para. 4)most probably means that _. （ A） the state did not put much money into education （ B） many Latinos are too poor to ob
26、tain education （ C） education is not a profitable enterprise （ D） many Latinos are not well-educated 6 It is implied that, in the long run, most Latinos in Arizona will _. （ A） be jobless （ B） be badly-paid （ C） do low-skill jobs （ D） do high-skill jobs 6 Sex prejudices are based on and justified by
27、 the ideology that biology is destiny. According to the ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suit
28、ed much more so than men, to the performance of domestic duties. A womans place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play care-taker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand men are best suited to go ou
29、t into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are “dependents“. The idea also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the speci
30、al capabilities of their sex. It is thus appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, household helpers, and clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of womens domestic role. Informal distinctions between “womens work“ a
31、nd “mens work“ in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes. Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regular
32、ly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearance. So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in social life. There is mu
33、ch evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that do exist are largely learned. But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex-defined roles will be se
34、en as totally acceptable. 7 “Biology is destiny“ in the first sentence means that _. （ A） biological differences determine sex roles （ B） ones sex is determined before his/her birth （ C） human cannot control their own fate （ D） human beings cant change their sex 8 The author most probably believes r
35、ole differences exist because _. （ A） there are biological and psychological differences between the sexes （ B） men and women can make different contributions to society （ C） men and women must survive in cooperation （ D） men and women acquire them from their cultures 9 The author looks at sex-defin
36、ed roles with _. （ A） enthusiastic approval （ B） partial acceptance （ C） strong disagreement （ D） bitter criticism 9 A study has been conducted on public opinion on the use of animals in research. Most 7 in 10 Swedes indicate that the use of animals in research is acceptable for medical research aim
37、ed at finding cures for diseases. Young people are most negative. The findings indicate that although most people spontaneously think of medical research when they hear the term “animal experiments“, many respondents also associate it with makeup and hygiene products. 3 in 10 respondents believe tha
38、t cosmetics are tested on animals in Sweden, even though this has been banned since 2004. Among the 30% of respondents who find animal experiments to be unacceptable in medical research aimed at finding cures for disease, nearly one third respond that some animal experiments could, nevertheless, be
39、acceptable in certain situations. The survey shows that 7 in 10 Swedes can accept the use of animals in medical research if its aim is to acquire more knowledge about diseases and how they can be prevented and cured. This ratio is the same as that reported in a 1992 study, when attitudes of Swedes t
40、owards laboratory animals were last measured. Vetenskap & Allmanhet(Public and Science)has conducted the study on behalf of the Swedish Research Council. The opinion survey describes how the public views the use of laboratory animals, both in general and in relation to medical objectives. A sample i
41、ncluding just over 1000 individuals representing the national Swedish population aged 16 years and older was surveyed in January 2008. Some of the questions were given only to part of the group. 10 Which statement is true, concerning about the study? （ A） The study was convincing enough because one
42、thousand respondents were involved. （ B） About 80 percent of the respondents accepted animal use in lab to a varying degree. （ C） Animals are mainly used in medical and cosmetics research. （ D） Swedish researchers have carried out two such studies so far. 11 The study may most probably indicate that
43、_ towards animal use in lab. （ A） young peoples attitudes have changed radically （ B） the elderlys attitudes differ most remarkably （ C） peoples attitudes have remained unaltered （ D） Swedes attitudes vary with the age 二、 SECTION B In this section there are five short answer questions based on the p
44、assages in Section A. Answer the questions with No more than TEN words in the space provided. 12 What does “augment“(Para. 1)mean in the passage? 13 What is the passage mainly about? 14 What does “they“ refer to in “if they go unaddressed“(Para. 5)? 15 What is the passage mainly about? 16 What data
45、did Vetenskap & Allmanhet expect to collect by carrying out the study? 专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 111答案与解析 一、 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is
46、 the best answer. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查对 staged一词的理解的。 stage在此意为 “阶段 ”， staged light应指可分段调节的灯光，因此， B是正确的理解。本题较具干扰性的是 A和C。 stage有 “舞台 ”的意思，读者很容易误将 staged light与 “舞台灯光 ”联系起来，但是，舞台灯光通常都是很亮很刺眼的，而原文该句已表明要将浴室中的 harsh light(刺眼的灯 )换掉，因此， staged不可能是 “舞台的 ”意思。 C虽然与原文中的harsh light相反，看起来符 合上下文的内容，但 s
47、taged一词没有 soft的意思。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第 3段第 3句中的 well established应理解为 “(地位 )已经确立的 ”，即表明这些 contractors应该是有声誉的，因此，本题应选 C。虽然三个干扰项都是褒义词，但词义上与 well established的关系都直接。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第 4段第 4句中的 such as decorations表明 accent items就是decorations， decorations的功能是使房子住起来更舒适，因此， C为正确的答案。原句表明
48、多余的瓷砖可以用来制作 accent items，但不可以反过来理解为制作accent items的主要作用就是为了尽量利用瓷砖，因此 A不正确；其他两个选项都与原文提到 accent items的句子无关，因此都不能选。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第 3段第 3句表明第二代墨西哥裔美国人比他们的父母 (也就是第一代的墨西哥裔美国人 )获得更好 的教育，而这一句是为了举例说明第 2句提到的在 Arizona出生的拉丁裔人和他们的移民父母之间的区别的，由此可见，第 2句提到的 immigrant parents就是第一代的拉丁裔美国人， immi
49、grant一词表明他们并非在美国出生，因此 B为正确的推断。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 第 4段第 5句开头的 As a result表明本句与上一句形成因果关系，由此可见，本句中的 educational deficits与上一句提到的拉丁裔美国人受教育程度较低有关，可推断 educational deficits指的是受教育不足，因此 D正确。 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第 4段末句中的 illprepared和第 5段末句中的 shortages of Latinos educationally ready都表明从长远来看，拉丁裔美国人受的教育仍然保持较低的水平，由此可推断，他们只能做一技术要求不高的工作，所以 C为本题答案。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 根据第 1段第 1句可知， 这个说法应与本句开头的 sex prejudices相关，另外，第 2句是对 “biology is destiny”这种意识形态的解释，对比四个选项，只有 A是与 “性别偏见 ”有关的，因此
