1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 17及答案与解析 0 For years, Jorge DelPinals job as assistant chief of the Census Bureaus Population Division was to fit people into neat, distinct racial and ethnic boxes: white, black, Hispanic, Asian or Native American. As the son of an Anglo mother and a Hispanic father, however, he knew
2、 all along that the task was not always possible. The face of America is changing literally. As President Clinton has said, within 30 or 40 years, when there will be no single race in the majority in the United States, “we had best be ready for it. “ For his part, Clinton is preparing for that time
3、by talking about racial tolerance and the virtues of multiculturalism. Others are debating immigration policy. Almost all discussion focuses on the potential divisiveness inherent in a nation that is no longer a predominantly white country with a mostly European ancestry. But afoot behind the scenes
4、 is another trend that, if handled carefully, could bring the country closer together rather than drive it apart. This quiet demographic counter-revolution is a dramatic upsurge in intermarriage. Veteran demographer Barry Edmonstons study projected that by 2050, 21 percent of the US population will
5、be of mixed racial or ethnic ancestry, up from an estimate of seven percent today. Among third-generation Hispanic and Asian Americans, exogamymarriage outside ones ethnic group or tribe is at least 50 percent, he and others estimate. Exogamy remains much less prevalent among African Americans, but
6、it has increased enormously, from about 1. 5 percent in the 1960s to 8 to 10 percent today. Such a profound demographic shift could take place while no one was watching because, officially, no one was watching. Federal agencies traditionally collected racial data using a formula one person, one race
7、 similar to the time-honored voting principle. Thus, the Census Bureau could estimate that on census forms no more than two percent of the population would claim to be multiracial. In the absence of a more straightforward count, no one could know for sure what the demographics are. Meanwhile, in the
8、 absence of official numbers, with the heightened tension surrounding racial issues, and with the mutual suspicion that exists among competing racial and ethnic interest groups, theres little agreement on what intermarriage will mean for US society in the future. Some sociologists call Asian-white a
9、nd Hispanic-Anglo intermarriage simply the latest addition to the melting pot that, since the start of this century, has fused so many Irish, Italian , German and other families of European origin. But despite the rise in black-white marriage, many doubt that African Americans will be included in th
10、is mix. Ramona Douglass, President of the Association of MultiEthnic Americans, enthused, “ Were living proof that people with two different races or ethnic backgrounds can live together in harmony, that(interracial)families actually do function. “ Douglasss mother is Italian-American, and her fathe
11、r is a multiracial blend of African American and Native American. Of course, many portray intermarriage as gradual genocide that will culminate in the disappearance of their particular group. That was the traditional view of the Jewish community, which throughout history closely guarded its small nu
12、mbers from loss through assimilation. But the very high rate of Jewish out-marriage since World War II has caused an official rethinking among the progressive elements of American Judaism. These groups still encourage marriage within the faith, but instead of shunning those who do marry non-Jews, th
13、ey are now courting these intermarried couples. 1 The main topic of the passage is_intermarriage in the US. （ A） the influence of （ B） the different opinions towards （ C） governments responsibility of （ D） the development of 2 What can we learn from the passage? （ A） Its scientific to classify peopl
14、e into different groups according to their races. （ B） The government didnt pay enough attention on the issue of demographic shift. （ C） The definite population of interethnic American is known. （ D） The growing rate of interethnic Americans accelerates in recent years. 3 What will happen in some fu
15、ture decades? （ A） The population of interracial Americans will be three times in 2050 as much as now. （ B） There will be no dominant races in America. （ C） The divisiveness of the nation is an inevitable problem to confront. （ D） At least 50 percent of the third-generation African Americans will ma
16、rry other ethnic groups. 4 Which of the following can be inferred about intermarriage? （ A） Intermarriage can be accepted by Jewish to some extent. （ B） Intermarriage tends to arouse divisiveness of the nation. （ C） The amount of intermarriage among African Americans grows slower than that in other
17、ethnic groups. （ D） Traditionally speaking, children from interracial families are assigned to mothers races. 5 Which of the following word can best describe the authors attitude towards intermarriage? （ A） Sympathetic. （ B） Anxious. （ C） Pessimistic. （ D） Supportive. 5 “Wanted“ posters arent seen m
18、uch these days outside of Western films. But Canadian government officials are crowing over their recent success in repackaging this age-old law-enforcement tactic for the Internet age. On July 21st the countrys Border Services Agency(CBSA)put on its website the names and photos of 30 people it said
19、 were war criminals hiding in Canada, and asked for tips on their whereabouts. By July 29th, five of them had been arrested. They will soon be deported to their countries of origin. People “ active or complieit in war crimes and crimes against humanity can no longer hide in the shadows, “ proclaimed
20、 Vic Toews, the minister of public safety, after the fourth suspect was captured. He says he hopes to expand the cyber-posters to cover other categories of fugitives(逃犯 )as well. Observers outside the government have been a bit more cautious in evaluating the programme. First, the authorities have n
21、ot disclosed whether the arrests depended on tips from people who saw the website, or whether the police were already on the suspects trail. Moreover, the list probably does not include any Ratko Mladics. It is thought to consist mostly of people who once belonged to security forces in countries whe
22、re war crimes have been committed, such as Congo and Ghana, or have relatives that did. These individuals are guilty of immigration violations for failing to leave the country when their residency applications were rejected. But the government has not revealed any evidence directly tying them to spe
23、cific violent actions. Canada is making little pretence of presuming the suspects innocence of these vague allegations. Although Mr. Toews insists that “ we are not making a finding of guilt or innocence“ , the CBSA website says that “it has been determined that the suspects violated human or intern
24、ational rights under the Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes Act or under international law. “ One man on the list, a Salvadoran army veteran named Francisco Manuel Hernandez, moved to the United States in 1993 after Canada rejected his refugee application. He is now an American citizen and a pas
25、tor in New York. He is threatening to sue if CBSA does not remove his name and photo from its website. Most importantly, if the government is right that vicious war criminals are on the loose in Canadian territory, it is shifting off its obligation to bring them to justice. Suspected war criminals f
26、rom foreign conflicts can be tried under Canadian law. And if the government decides not to undertake that costly and lengthy process, it could still try to arrange extraditions(引渡 ), which would guarantee that the suspects would face trial elsewhere.0 Instead, Canada simply plans to put them on the
27、 first flight out and wash its hands of them. “Its appalling the way they are handling it, “ says Jayne Stoyles, the executive director of the Canadian Centre for International Justice, a campaign group. Canadas immigration system can certainly be taken advantage of by visitors with unsavoury pasts.
28、 The country accepts around 250, 000 “ New Canadians“ a year through a drawn-out process that makes it easy for applicants to disappear. In 2008 the governments auditor-general reported that immigration officials had lost track of 41, 000 rejected candidates. Ms. Stoyles estimates that as many as 2,
29、 000 alleged war criminals may be living in Canada. But the right-wing governments disinterest in determining these suspects guilt or innocence suggests that it is more concerned with courting anti-immigrant and law-and-order conservatives at home than with the fight for justice abroad. 6 We can lea
30、rn from Paragraph 1 that_. （ A） Canadian government uses the cyber-posters to find the war criminals （ B） 30 war criminals had been arrested since being wanted by government （ C） people against humanity are no longer severely punished in Canada today （ D） a Canadian murderers information can also be
31、 found on the Internet 7 What is the publics attitude towards the CBSA program? （ A） Pessimistic. （ B） Positive. （ C） Uncertain. （ D） Indifferent. 8 What does the sentence “Canada is making little pretence of presuming the suspects innocence of these vague allegations“ in Paragraph 3 indicate? （ A）
32、Canada thinks twice before arresting the war crime suspects. （ B） Canada is determined to find the guilt and the innocence. （ C） Canada wont let go anyone who violated human or international rights. （ D） Canada expresses no concern over the alleged innocence of the suspects. 9 According to the passa
33、ge, how does the Canadian government deal with the suspected war criminals? （ A） To arrest them and bring them to justice under Canadian law. （ B） To arrest them and send them back to their countries of origin. （ C） To do nothing except exposing their information to the public. （ D） To further inves
34、tigate their identities and then arrest them. 10 The best title for the passage could be_. （ A） Ways to Search War Criminals in the Internet Age （ B） Thoughts and Concerns over the CBSA Program （ C） How the Canadian Government Strengthen Its National Security （ D） Canadas Immigration System and Its
35、Problems 10 November is Diabetes Eye Health Month, and thats just one of the reasons to take advantage of EyeCare Americas free program, designed for people over 65. Eligible patients will receive eye exams and up to one year of treatment. “We feel that seniors in our communities are at the greatest
36、 risk. The longer you have diabetes, the more susceptible you are to losing your vision, “ says Allison S. Neves, communications manager at EyeCare America, the public service foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. If youre among the 16 million people who have diabetes, youre 25 times
37、more likely to lose your eyesight than people without it. African Americans and Hispanics are particularly susceptible. Lack of awareness is a big contributor half the people with the disease go undiagnosed. Studies have found that even for those who know they have it, more than one-third dont get t
38、he eye care they need. “There are a lot of barriers to seniors getting the quality eye care they deserve. First is rising health care costs. Second is access to care in communities, and what is difficult for them is trusting medical professionals. Some are only accustomed to going to physicians when
39、 theyre in pain not for regular checkups, “ says Neves. Darlene Thorne, 83, found herself in a tight spot when she moved to Salt Lake City from Las Vegas. With no medical insurance or doctors she knew personally, she decided to try the Seniors EyeCare program for a long-overdue eye checkup. She was
40、surprised to get more than just a free eye exam. “ Dr. Harry treated me like I was a regular person and not getting it for free. He tested my eyes and wrote out a prescription for glasses even though that wasnt included in the program. Recently, when I got an infection, I was so frightened. At least
41、 I had someplace to go; otherwise I would have sat around for several days or longer. “ The EyeCare America program makes such personal relationships possible by hooking up patients with an ophthalmologist in their area one of its 7, 500 volunteers. “ Its not a mass screening in any way its an actua
42、l doctors appointment. Should anything be diagnosed , the patients are seen up to one year for no out-of-pocket costs. Its really just about getting that person into that office to prevent eyesight damage, “ says Neves. In-depth medical exams by an ophthalmologist are critical, as they can detect sy
43、mptoms that eye screenings at an optometrist or a local store might have missed. What many people dont know is that diabetes-related eye diseases such as retinopathy, cataracts, and glaucoma develop without warning signs. Extremely high blood pressure levels can damage the retina without any apparen
44、t changes in vision, leading you to believe that nothings wrong while your sight degenerates. All these factors cause 24, 000 cases of vision loss every year. The good news is that proper detection, treatment, and care can prove 95 percent effective in preventing blindness even for people with advan
45、ced retinopathy. If you experience floaters(sudden flashes or spots)or blurred or double vision, schedule an appointment immediately. Otherwise, an annual dilated eye exam is a must for everyone with diabetes. 11 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） Diabetes EyeCare Program. （ B） Diabetes Eye Heal
46、th Month. （ C） Diabetes-related eye diseases. （ D） American Academy of Ophthalmology. 12 What does the phrase “hook up.with“ mean in Paragraph 6? （ A） To meet someone and become friendly with them. （ B） To meet up with. （ C） To help someone get something that they need or want. （ D） To fix up with.
47、13 Which of the following is NOT diabetes-related eye diseases? （ A） Retinopathy. （ B） Cataracts. （ C） Glaucoma. （ D） Short-sightedness. 14 What can we infer from the passage? （ A） Many people with diabetes are lack of awareness of their eye problems. （ B） People who have diabetes must suffer from e
48、ye diseases. （ C） American seniors over 65 years old will have free treatment of eye diseases for life. （ D） There is no barriers to seniors getting the quality eye care they deserve. 15 Which of the following is NOT included in the EyeCare America program? （ A） Eligible patients will receive eye ex
49、ams and up to one year of treatment. （ B） The patients can get free treatment of diabetes for one year. （ C） All the seniors over 65 can get the checkup for free. （ D） The relationship between patients and doctors are personal and friendly. 15 Already overwhelmed childrens services are facing rising demand as benefit reforms hit struggling parents, all while council cuts threaten to push social care into an awkward place. Winter may have arrived early this year, but there are even more severe storms ahead for childrens s
