1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 27及答案与解析 0 A Professor stood before his philosophy class and had some items in front of him. When the class began, wordlessly, he picked up a very large and empty mayonnaise jar and proceeded to fill it with golf balls. He then asked the students if the jar was full. They agreed that
2、it was. So the Professor then picked up a box of pebbles and poured them into the jar. He shook the jar lightly. The pebbles rolled into the open areas between the golf balls. He then asked the students again if the jar was full. They agreed it was. The Professor next picked up a box of sand and pou
3、red it into the jar. Of course, the sand filled up everything else. He asked once more if the jar was full. The students responded with a unanimous “Yes.“ The Professor then produced two cans of beer from under the table and poured the entire contents into the jar, effectively filling the empty spac
4、e between the sand. The students laughed. “Now,“ said the Professor, as the laughter subsided, “I want you to recognize that this jar represents your life. The golf balls are the important things your family, your children, your health, your friends, your favorite passions things that if everything
5、else was lost and only they remained, your life would still be full. The pebbles are the other things that matter like your job, your house, your car. The sand is everything else the small stuff.“ “If you put the sand into the jar first“, he continued, “there is no room for the pebbles or the golf b
6、alls. The same goes for life. If you spend all your time and energy on the small stuff, you will never have room for the things that are important to you. Pay attention to the things that are critical to your happiness. Play with your children. Take time to get medical checkups. Take your partner ou
7、t to dinner. Play another 18. There will always be time to clean the house, and fix the disposal. Take care of the golf balls first, the things that really matter. Set your priorities. The rest is just sand.“ When he had finished, there was a profound silence. Then one of the students raised her han
8、d and with a puzzled expression, inquired what the beer represented. The Professor smiled. “Im glad you asked. It just goes to show you that no matter how full your life may seem, theres always room for a couple of beers.“ Lesson: When things in your life seem almost too much to handle, when 24 hour
9、s in a day are not enough, remember the mayonnaise jar. and the beer. 1 The professor illustrated his point by （ A） analogy. （ B） exemplifying. （ C） punning. （ D） personification. 2 When the professor poured the beer into the jar, the students most probably would not （ A） find it unexpected. （ B） be
10、 amazed by him. （ C） appreciate his wisdom. （ D） understand his intention. 3 The author tends to compare house cleaning to （ A） the golf. （ B） the pebbles. （ C） the sand. （ D） the beer. 4 The professor employs the beer to signify （ A） tricks to make life more successful. （ B） relaxation no matter ho
11、w full life is. （ C） things that are unnecessary for life. （ D） that we can always find leisure time. 5 By writing the story, the author intends to be （ A） philosophical. （ B） enlightening. （ C） encouraging. （ D） informative. 5 On one of the shelves of an old dresser, in company with old and dusty s
12、auce-boats, jugs, dishes and plates, and paid bills, rested a worn and ragged Bible, on whose front page was the record, in faded ink, of a baptism dated ninety-four years ago. “Martha Crale“ was the name written on that yellow page. The yellow, wrinkled old dame who moved slowly and muttered about
13、the kitchen, looking like a dead autumn leaf which the winter winds still pushed here and there, had once been Martha Crale; for seventy odd years she had been Martha Mountjoy. For longer than anyone could remember she had paced to and fro between oven and wash-house and dairy, and out to chicken-ru
14、n and garden, grumbling and muttering and scolding, but working unceasingly. Emma Ladbruk, of whose coming she took as little notice as she would of a bee wandering in at a window on a summers day, used at first to watch her with a kind of frightened curiosity. She was so old and so much a part of t
15、he place, it was difficult to think of her exactly as a living thing. Old Shep, the white-nosed, stiff-limbed shepherd dog, waiting for his time to die, seemed almost more human than the wimered, dried-up old woman. He had been a noisy, excited puppy, mad with the joy of life, when she was already a
16、 weak and tottering dame; now he was just a blind, breathing animal body, nothing more, and she still worked with frail energy, still swept and baked and washed, fetched and carried. If there were something in these wise old dogs that did not perish utterly with death, Emma used to think to herself,
17、 what generations of ghost-dogs there must be out on those hills, that Martha had reared and fed and tended and spoken a last goodbye word to in that old kitchen. And what memories she must have of human generations that had passed away in her time. It was difficult for anyone, let alone a stranger
18、like Emma, to get her to talk of the days that had been; her shrill, quivering speech was of doors that had been left unfastened, pails that had got mislaid, calves whose feeding-time was overdue, and the various little faults that change a farmhouse routine. Now and again, when election time came r
19、ound, she would unstore her recollections of the old names round which the fight had waged in the days gone by. There had been a Palmerston, that had been a name down Tiverton way; Tiverton was not a far journey as the crow flies, but to Martha it was almost a foreign country. Later there had been N
20、orthcotes and Aclands, and many other newer names that she had forgotten; the names changed, but it was always Libruls and Toories, Yellows and Blues. And they always quarrelled and shouted as to who was right and who was wrong. The one they quarrelled about most was a fine old gentleman with an ang
21、ry face she had seen his picture on the walls. She had seen it on the floor too, with a rotten apple squashed over it, for the farm had changed its politics from time to time. Martha had never been on one side or the other, none of “they“ had ever done the farm a stroke of good Such was her sweeping
22、 verdict, given with all a peasants distrust of the outside world. 6 It is true about “Martha Crale“ EXCEPT that （ A） she was born more than ninety years ago. （ B） she was married in her early twenties. （ C） she was called Martha Mountjoy before marriage. （ D） she was always busy with her housework.
23、 7 When Emma Ladbruk came to visit, Martha Crale welcomed her with （ A） curiosity. （ B） indifference. （ C） criticism. （ D） distaste. 8 The description of Old Shep and the wise old dogs was intended to illustrate （ A） Emmas frightened curiosity about Martha Crale. （ B） the mysterious life of Martha C
24、rale. （ C） Martha Crales frail but tough physical condition. （ D） Martha Crales closer relation with dog than with human. 9 When Martha Crale began to talk, （ A） she liked to find fault with farmhouse routine. （ B） people were annoyed by her voice. （ C） it would be quite impossible to interrupt her.
25、 （ D） she could always attract strangers. 10 The “old gentleman with an angry face“ was most probably （ A） a farm hand as common as Martha. （ B） a debater from a nearby village. （ C） an advocate of farm reform. （ D） a candidate of an election. 10 He is fearless, altruistic, steel-willed, hospitable,
26、 unbelievably hardy, unpretentious and warm and he has lost none of these qualities since becoming Russias president. It is a scrupulously unbiased snapshot of Vladimir Putin if you believe the author of the first volume of a Kremlin-backed trilogy on Putins life, written in the unmistakable style t
27、he Soviets once reserved for Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin. “I do not think it is a eulogy. I simply conveyed what people(who met Putin)said,“ Oleg Blotsky told a news conference on Monday as he posed for photos with his “Vladimir Putin“. The book, complete with a genealogical tree back to the beg
28、inning of the 18th century and a chapter dedicated to Putins ancestors, spans from his birth to the start of his career as a KGB spy. Putin contributed to the work with extensive interviews to Blotsky. The result is a selection of memories by Putins friends and acquaintances who hold nothing but the
29、 warmest recollections of him. The only person in the book who does not heap praise on the president is Putin himself, who is characteristically humble. Praise bestowed on the Kremlin leader ranges from young judoist Putin fighting “like a snow leopard“ to many years later his being visibly moved wh
30、en decorated war veterans in the Kremlin stood up in salute as he entered the hall. It opens with the Kremlin generously answering an old womans plea addressed in a letter to “V. V. Putin, the Kremlin, Moscow“ to help erect a decent tombstone on the grave of Putins first teacher. One account portray
31、s Putin as a man who would stop at nothing to win a fight. “He would scratch, bite, snatch tufts of hair, do anything to avoid being humiliated in any way,“ an old friend said. But young Putin is also an ordinary boy, frightened by a looming visit to the dentist. The book is written in simple easy-t
32、o-read Russian. Blotsky said neither Putin nor any other Kremlin official ever sought to censor his work or steer it in a specific direction. Putin only read the book when it hit shop shelves last week, he said. The books first run of 15,000 copies was selling well in Moscow shops and China, Bulgari
33、a and Slovenia have shown an interest in issuing a translation, the publisher said. Blotsky, who said he was a converted Putinist after his audiences with the president, said he was already working on the second volume of his series “Vladimir Putin: Rise to Power“. 11 What do we know about Lenins bi
34、ography according to the second paragraph? （ A） It was the first perfect biography without mistakes in Soviet history. （ B） It was written in the form of a scrupulously unbiased snapshot. （ C） It was written by the same author of Putins biography. （ D） It was a voluminous Kremlin-backed biography. 1
35、2 Oleg Blotsky doesnt want others to regard the biography as （ A） a praise of Putin. （ B） public opinions. （ C） his personal understanding of Putin. （ D） an imitation of Lenins biography. 13 Putin was deeply touched by the war veterans when （ A） they sang high praise of him. （ B） he recalled their h
36、eroic deeds. （ C） they saluted him with respect. （ D） he decorated them in the Kremlin. 14 How did Putin react to the plea of erecting a decent tombstone on the grave of his first teacher? （ A） He delegated the task to one of his subordinates. （ B） He helped erect the tombstone accordingly and willi
37、ngly. （ C） He not only erected the tombstone but also rebuilt the grave. （ D） He went to visit the grave before promising to erect the tombstone. 15 How was Blotsky influenced by Putin? （ A） He decided to write the biography because he was a Putinist. （ B） He was sure that the readers would be conve
38、rted to Putinists. （ C） His interviews with Putin made him adore Putin very much. （ D） His interviews with Putin eliminated his doubts about Putin. 15 Coketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and the ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood it was a town
39、of unnatural red and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery and tall chimneys, out of which smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with ill-smelling dye, and vast piles of buildings full of windows where there
40、was a rattling and a trembling all day long, and where the piston of the steam-engine worked monotonously up and down like the head of an elephant in a state of madness. The town contained several large streets all very like one another, and many small streets still more like one another, inhabited
41、by people equally like one another. A sunny midsummer day. There was such a thing sometimes, even in Coketown. Seen from a distance in such weather, Coketown lay covered in a haze of its own. You only knew the town was there, because you knew there could have been no such blotch upon the view withou
42、t a town. The streets were hot and dusty on the summer day, and the sun was so bright that it even shone through the haze over Coketown, and could not be looked at steadily. Workers emerged from low underground doorways into factory yards, and sat on posts and steps, wiping their faces and contempla
43、ting coals. The whole town seemed to be frying in oil. There was a stifling smell of hot oil everywhere. The atmosphere of those places was like the breath of hell, and their inhabitants wasting with heat, toiled languidly in the desert. But no temperature made the mad elephants more mad or more san
44、e. Their wearisome heads went up and down at the same rate, in hot weather and in cold, wet weather and dry, fair weather and foul. The measured motion of their shadows on the walls, was the substitute Coketown had to show for the shadows of rustling woods; while for the summer hum of insects, it co
45、uld offer all the year round, from the dawn of Monday to the night of Saturday, the whirr of shafts and wheels. 16 Which of the following adjectives is NOT appropriate to describe Coketown? （ A） Dull. （ B） Dirty. （ C） Noisy. （ D） Savage. 17 From the passage we know that Coketown was mainly a(n)_ tow
46、n. （ A） industrial （ B） agricultural （ C） residential （ D） commercial 18 Only_ were not affected by weather. （ A） the workmen （ B） the inhabitants （ C） the steam-engines （ D） the rustling woods 19 Which is the authors opinion of Coketown? （ A） Coketown should be replaced by woods. （ B） The town was
47、seriously polluted. （ C） The town had too much oil in it. （ D） The towns atmosphere was traditional. 专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 27答案与解析 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 从文章可以看出，教授在一个美乃滋罐子里面分别装入高尔夫球、鹅卵石、沙子和啤酒比喻人生的主次轻重，故应选 A。本题没有提供关于某人的真实例子，因此 B不正确； C是 “双关 ”的意思，本文也没有使用语带双关的单词或句子，因此 C不正确； D(拟人 )也没有原文依据。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确
48、答案】 D 【试题解析】 第 5段的内容表明在教授把啤酒倒进瓶子后，如果教授不加以说明，学生仍然不明白教授要说明什么问题，因此本题应选 D。第 4段学生的笑声表明学生觉得教授做的事出乎他们的意料，也可能表示他们觉得教授做的事很有趣，或者觉得教授很聪明，由此可见， A、 B、 C很可能都是学生的感觉，不合题意。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第 8段倒数第 3句中的 There will always be time to表明教授认为house cleaning不是什么重要的事，再结合后两句的内容，可以推断 house cleaning等于 “沙子 ”，因此，本题应选
49、C。 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 教授用前三种东西代表了一个人一生必须要做的事，而 “啤酒 ”代表工作以外的 “放松 ”，因此本题选 B。本题最具干扰性的是 D。如果最后这种液体代表无论多忙我们都可以找到空闲时间的话，教授不必要一定要用 “啤酒 ”来表示，他用水就可以了，因此，啤酒不但代表空闲的时间，还代表利用这些空闲时间去放松心情，因此 D不如 B贴切。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 这篇文章借助哲学教授的一堂课去说明一个生活态度的问题，可见本文具有 “教导 ”的功能，因此，本题应选 B。本题最具干扰性的是 A。本文虽然一开始就提到这是一节哲学课，但作者只是利用哲学课为背景说明一个人生的道理，因此，这篇文章并不真的与科学意义上的 “哲学 ”有关，因此 A是不正确的。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【 正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第 3句中的 had once been Martha Crale 可以推断 Martha Crale这个名字的使用早于 MarthaMountjoy，而该句第 2个分句提到后来有 70多年她成了 Martha Mountjoy，由这两句可推断 Martha Crale结婚后随夫姓变成了Marth
