1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 86及答案与解析 0 Congratulations! You wowed your prospective employers on your first interview and have been called back for an encore. So, how will the second interview be different from the first? This time around, expect to spend more time at the company, talk to more people, individuall
2、y and collectively, and have your skills and personality scrutinized more closely. The Employers Point of View From an employers perspective, the second interview is a chance to closely evaluate a candidates abilities and interpersonal skills. Your prospective employer wants to see that you can do t
3、he job and work well with colleagues. Be aware that many employers bring in several candidates on the same day to streamline the second interview process. Your challenge is to distinguish yourself from the other candidates. To show youre a good fit with the company, focus on explaining how your abil
4、ities and experiences would enable you to do the job. Be specific. Offer concrete examples that highlight your competence and compatibility. Who Youll Meet On your first interview, you probably met with one or two people. This time, be prepared to meet several more over the course of the day, includ
5、ing potential managers, coworkers and other staff members. You may meet individually with several people, who will most likely ask you similar questions. Keep your answers consistent but mix up your delivery so that your answers dont sound stale or staged. If possible, before the interview acquire a
6、 list of the people youll be meeting with and do a little research on each one. Then ask questions that show your knowledge of each person. If you meet with a panel or group, be sure to make eye contact with both the individual asking the question and the group as a whole. Steps for Follow Up Its ra
7、re to receive an offer on the spot, but it does happen occasionally. If the feedback is consistently positive over the course of the day, you may get a job offer at the end of the interview. If that happens, dont make a hasty decision. Ask for time to think about it. If you dont get an offer, be sur
8、e to immediately send a brief thank you note to every person you spoke with. Some companies make hiring decisions in a matter of days, but many can take weeks to make their final choice. Be patient, be flexible and be ready for an offer or an invitation for yet another interview. 1 The passage is ma
9、inly concerned with_. （ A） the second interview （ B） the first interview （ C） an unexpected interview （ D） the steps of interview 2 Which of the following is NOT the purpose of the second interview according to the passage? （ A） To discuss the salary. （ B） To closely evaluate a candidates abilities.
10、 （ C） To see whether you can do the job and cooperate well with colleagues. （ D） To evaluate your interpersonal skills. 3 Which of the following is NOT recommended before and during meeting with the interviewer? （ A） To try to acquire a list of the people youll be meeting with before the interview.
11、（ B） To keep your answers consistent but mix up your delivery. （ C） Not to make eye contact with the interviewers. （ D） To try to do a little research on each interviewer if possible. 4 Whats the right attitude towards the second interview? （ A） Impatient and anxious to know the result. （ B） Forget
12、it and have another try. （ C） Make a call for a claim. （ D） Be patient, flexible and ready for it. 4 “Until recently, I thought that there would never again be an opportunity to be involved with an industry as socially destructive as the subprime mortgage industry,“ said Steve Eisman, a hedge-fund m
13、anager who made a lot of money during the financial crisis by shorting bank shares, to Congress in June. “I was wrong. The for-profit education industry has proven equal to the task. “ Americas for-profit colleges are under fire, and the Obama administration is preparing tough new regulations for th
14、em. Although recent scandals suggest higher education needs to be better regulated, discriminating against the for-profit sector could do wider damage. The notion that profit is too dirty a motive to be allowed in a business as fine as education is pervasive. Even Britains Conservatives, determined
15、though they are to introduce radical educational reforms, have drawn the line at allowing for-profit schools to get state funding. America has generally been more liberal; and, with the state and non-profit colleges cutting back, the for-profit sector has been doing startlingly well. In 2008 2009, s
16、ome 3,000 for-profit colleges educated 3. 2m students 59% more than three years earlier, and 11.7% of all students. Yet recent government reports suggest that some of these colleges have a troublingly familiar business model; selling a low-grade product to people who are paying with subsidized gover
17、nment loans. The Department of Education reported that most students at many of these universities were defaulting on their loans. Similarly, an investigation by the Government Accountability Office found that even leading for-profit colleges such as Kaplan and the University of Phoenix had engaged
18、in cunning practices to recruit students and encourage them to borrow large sums to pay for their courses. Among the most controversial of the new rules due to be introduced on November 1st is a “gainful employment“ requirement that would make a course eligible(合格的 )for government loans only if enou
19、gh current or past students are repaying their loans. The for-profit colleges maintain that they have high drop-out rates because their students are poorer than those in the state and nonprofit sector, and that the gainful-employment rule will simply reduce access to higher education for poorer peop
20、le. Don Graham, boss of the Washington Post Company, which owns Kaplan, has suggested that private colleges should be required to refund all fees if a student decides to drop out during his first term in order to “drive out all the bad actors“ from the industry. Constructive suggestions are rare in
21、a debate that has mixed a lot of rhetorical cant with a big principle. The cant is more obvious. The American right cites Barack Obamas proposals as another sign that he hates capitalism. Yet not only abuses plainly occurred but for-profit colleges are hardly poster children for free enterprise; the
22、y are already heavily regulated, not least because most of the loans to students are provided by the government. The left, from its non-profit redoubts, claims that these are big businesses exploiting the little guy. The principle? Concentrate on the quality of the education, not the ownership. All
23、sorts of colleges seem to have been guilty of shabby marketing. They should be treated the same. Good rules such as Mr. Grahams one should apply to non-profit and for-profit colleges alike. Singling out for-profits for special attention risks depriving students, and America at large, of the full ben
24、efits in innovation and cost-effectiveness that the profit motive has generally brought to higher education. That really would be “socially destructive“. 5 Whats Britains Conservatives attitude towards for-profit schools getting state funding? （ A） Uncertain. （ B） Positive. （ C） Negative. （ D） Neutr
25、al. 6 The deficiency of some for-profit colleges is that they_. （ A） offer inferior education to the students （ B） always fail to pay the government loans （ C） discourage their students from applying for government loans for tuition （ D） only recruit students from the well-off families 7 According t
26、o the for-profit colleges, which of the following is CORRECT about the gainful-employment rule? （ A） More poorer people cant get the opportunity of higher education. （ B） More poorer students will get government loans easily. （ C） The rule will make any course eligible for government loans. （ D） The
27、 rule will reduce the high drop-out rates. 8 According to the passage, the principle of education should be_. （ A） the cost effectiveness of education （ B） the profit of education （ C） the ownership of education （ D） the quality of education 9 What does the word “ That“ refer to in the last sentence
28、 in Paragraph 6? （ A） The troubling business model of for-profit colleges. （ B） Paying special attention only to for-profit colleges. （ C） Introducing the new “gainful employment“ rule. （ D） The shabby marketing of all the colleges. 9 Dave Walsh, web editor on board the Rainbow Warrior again this ye
29、ar, gave the following account of the 2004 expedition that followed the activities of seven ships as they trawled seamounts for target species of orange roughly. “We watched them raising tons of fish, corals and even rocks from the ocean floor! Dozens of species of unwanted deep sea life, snapped fr
30、om habitat 1000km below us, were turfed over the side of the bottom trawlers, internal organs blown apart from the violent change in pressure. Hundreds of albatross a bird usually considered a loner, drifting at the mercy of the winds-squabbled over the dead or dying fish. “ Among the huge amounts o
31、f bottom dwelling marine life including fish, sea stars, squid, sea urchins and ghost sharks that were hauled up and discarded, was a delicate branch of endangered black coral, a species listed on the UN Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species(CITES)for over 20 years. Black coral is
32、also protected in adjacent New Zealand waters. Corals are the foundation of unique deep-sea communities and their destruction affects everything else living in or near them on the sea floor. Speaking at a press conference on board the Rainbow Warrior in Auckland harbour to launch the current expedit
33、ion, oceans campaigner Carmen Gravatt said “Bottom trawling is the most destructive fishing practice in the world. The deep sea is the largest pool of undiscovered life on Earth. Bottom trawling these unknown worlds is like blowing up Mars before we get there. “ Recently, in collaboration with the S
34、cottish Association for Marine Science(SAMS), we also concluded the exploration of a little-known coral reef complex off the west of Scotland. Using remotely operated vehicles(small, unmanned submarines), scientists studied and documented the reef, its cold water corals and the numerous species it i
35、s thought to host. Previous surveys of the reef conducted by SAMS found that parts of the coral formation are 3,800 years old and the base may be over 10,000 years old. Next week, our political advisor Karen Sack will speak at a UN meeting on Oceans. Will the Rainbow Warrior once again unearth cruci
36、al evidence so the UN can see with their own eyes that a moratorium is needed? “Each day bottom trawling continues, more deep sea life gets wiped out and the situation becomes more critical,“ said Gravatt. “A moratorium on bottom trawling in international waters is urgently needed to protect life in
37、 the deep sea. “ 10 What is the best title for the passage? （ A） A Moratorium on Bottom Trawling Is Urgently Needed （ B） The Oncoming Exploration to the Deep Sea （ C） The Disaster of Deep Sea Life （ D） Rainbow Warrior Sets out to Save Deep Sea Life 11 What does the “ unwanted deep sea life“ mean in
38、Paragraph 2 according to the passage? （ A） They have no economic value. （ B） They are dead before being caught. （ C） They are dangerous to human beings. （ D） They are the natural enemy of the deep sea fish. 12 What is the foundation of the unique deep-sea communities? （ A） Reef. （ B） Black coral. （
39、C） Fish. （ D） Corals. 13 Which of the following is NOT the reason to stop bottom trawling? （ A） The deep sea is polluted. （ B） The deep sea environment is destroyed. （ C） Some undiscovered life on earth is destroyed. （ D） Bottom trawling will cost a lot of money. 14 What can we infer from the last p
40、aragraph? （ A） The exploration of a little-known coral reef must be continued. （ B） Rainbow Warrior is determined to forbid bottom trawling in international waters. （ C） Rainbow Warrior will unearth crucial evidence to stop the bottom trawling. （ D） The U. N. is determined to forbid bottom trawling
41、in international waters. 14 In recent years criticisms have been voiced concerning sexist bias in the English language. It has been argued that some of the vocabulary and grammar we use reflects and reinforces a traditional view of the world as one in which men are dominant and women play a secondar
42、y role. Take the word “chairman“, for example. While this can in fact apply to people of both sexes, it appears to some people to be male-oriented as it ends in “man“. In the past people taking the role of chairman were exclusively male, and the word was obviously originally a compound of “chair“ an
43、d “man“. Many English speakers, however, have ceased to view this word as a compound and no more feel it to be composed of two units, “chair“ and “man“, than they perceive “cupboard“ as composed of “cup“ and “board“. In addition the continued use of chairman might be defended on the grounds that the
44、 final syllable is pronounced /mn/ rather than / m n/, just like the final syllable of woman. Despite such considerations other speakers take a contrary view and are sensitive to the components of which it is made up. They clearly perceive it as a title which perpetuates traditional ideas about the
45、place of women in society. For this reason they seek to replace it with neutral terms such as “chairperson“ or “chair“ , so that it is now possible to ask questions such as: “Who is chair of the committee?“ Other changes advocated include the replacement of words such as “postman“, “fireman“ and “po
46、liceman“ with more clearly neutral terms such as “postal worker“, “fire-fighter“ and “police officer“. There is, however, continuing controversy about how far such language changes should go. Should changes also be considered to traditional idioms such as “man in the street“ and titles such as “Peki
47、ng Man“? What about those words where the male meaning of “man“ is no longer dominant, such as “manhandle“? To the extent that changes have taken place, they have done so more in the written language and formal pronouncements than in everyday speech. You would be quite likely to read in the paper th
48、at “Postal workers are to receive a pay increase“. But “Has the postman been?“ would be most likely to be heard in informal conversation. Here “postman“ remains firmly entrenched in popular usage. The lack of a sex-neutral third-person singular in English has also attracted attention. How, for examp
49、le, do we fill in the blank in the following sentence? “A good teacher always makes sure is well prepared for the lesson. “ Traditionally, this would be filled in with “he“. The male pronoun in such cases is clearly intended to refer to both sexes. It is still widely used in this way, but some people, especially women, dislike it. They may prefer to add the female pronoun to the male, as in “A good teacher always makes sure he or she is well prepared for the lesson“. Some people, however, feel that this looks and sounds awkward. Another sol
