1、口译三级综合能力（多项选择）模拟试卷 4及答案与解析 一、 PART 2 (30 points, 10 minutes) Listen to the following passages and then choose the best answer to each question. You may need to scribble a few notes in order to answer the questions satisfactorily. There are 3 passages in this part, each with 5 questions. And each que
2、stion carries 2 points. You will hear the passages only ONCE. At the end of each passage, you will have 2 minutes to finish the questions. 0 Urban Infrastructure Upgrading Vocabulary and Expressions daunting slum upgrading Jamaica fiscal stimulus package informality World Bank programs drainage 1 Wh
3、at is estimated to cost nearly 5 percent of developing countries GDP? （ A） Providing universal coverage for housing services in the cities. （ B） Providing universal coverage for transportation services in the cities. （ C） Providing universal coverage for water and sanitation services in the cities.
4、（ D） Providing universal coverage for electricity services in the cities. 2 What can be inferred about the access rates for basic services such as water, sanitation and electricity? （ A） It is the lowest in urban areas. （ B） It is the lowest in rural areas. （ C） It is the lowest in urban slums. （ D）
5、 It is the lowest in Commercial and Business Centre. 3 What is probably the most common among the programs aimed at the urban poor? （ A） Community construction. （ B） Suburb construction. （ C） Crime and violence prevention. （ D） Slum upgrading. 4 Why does the speaker mention the examples of Jamaica a
6、nd Brazil? （ A） To illustrate the combination of investments in basic infrastructure with social programs. （ B） To illustrate the lack of basic infrastructure in these two countries. （ C） To illustrate that urban poverty is most acute in these two countries. （ D） To illustrate that the basic infrast
7、ructure is advanced in these two countries. 5 What is true about upgrading activities according to the speaker? （ A） It can result in a mass unemployment. （ B） It can generate employment particularly for the urban poor. （ C） It can lead to rural-urban migration. （ D） It can provide an important oppo
8、rtunity for current financial crisis. 5 Forms of Pollution Vocabulary and Expressions contaminant nitrogen oxide illumination chlorinate particulate photochemical ozone astronomical chlorine gaseous hydrocarbon sonar eutrophication sulfur dioxide light trespass herbicide 6 What is the topic of this
9、passage? （ A） The major forms of pollution. （ B） The major forms of pollution and their contaminants. （ C） The main contaminants relevant to each form of pollution. （ D） Air pollution, soil pollution and visual pollution. 7 Which of the following is NOT relevant to air pollution? （ A） Carbon monoxid
10、e. （ B） Motor vehicles. （ C） Hydrocarbon. （ D） Fine dust. 8 Which of the following will NOT lead to significant soil contamination? （ A） Carbon monoxide. （ B） Herbicides. （ C） Pesticides. （ D） Heavy metals. 9 According to this passage, what might cause thermal pollution? （ A） Temperature change in a
11、ir. （ B） Solar energy in summer. （ C） Using too many air-conditioners to heat in winter. （ D） Using water as coolant in a power plant. 10 Why might agricultural runoff cause water pollution? （ A） Because it may contain chemical fertilizers and pesticides. （ B） Because it may contain urban sewage. （
12、C） Because it may contain herbicides and pesticides. （ D） Because it may contain chlorine and other chemical contaminants. 10 Business as Usual Vocabulary and Expressions Tuvalu pique evacuation marine ecosystem Kiribati latch on to barrage coral reef Maldives concede intrusion lagoon 11 Which count
13、ry was NOT mentioned as being in danger by journalists? （ A） Maldives. （ B） Tuvalu. （ C） Kiribati. （ D） Philippines. 12 What claim was made in Al Gores documentary? （ A） Tuvalus leaders had declared their success in their battle with the rising sea. （ B） Tuvalus leaders had abandoned their homeland.
14、 （ C） Tuvalus leaders had admitted their failure in their fighting against the rising sea. （ D） Tuvalus leaders had given up their fighting against the rising flood. 13 What damage inflicted by sea-level rise itself will the island dwellers suffer from? （ A） Increasingly frequent and severe weather
15、extremes. （ B） Coastal erosion, surface flooding, and saltwater intrusion. （ C） Droughts and cyclones. （ D） Collapse of marine ecosystems 14 From what the writer could see, what can be inferred about Funafuti? （ A） It was business as usual in Funafuti ten years ago. （ B） Some government staff were l
16、aid off. （ C） The countrys first cell-phone tower had collapsed. （ D） Tuvaluan hurried to evacuate their homeland. 15 Which of the following is true to Tuvalu in the near future? （ A） Everything there will change. （ B） The population will increase. （ C） The population will amazingly decease. （ D） It
17、 will sink under the sea. 15 Avalanche Vocabulary and Expressions snowslide entrain snowmobiler serac collapse snowslip spontaneous seismic endemic 16 Which of the following is a typical initiation of avalanche? （ A） A mechanical failure in the snowpack. （ B） A dynamic failure in the snow. （ C） A gr
18、avity event. （ D） An occasional land collapse. 17 What condition is necessary for the forming of a powder snow avalanche? （ A） The avalanche moves in moderate speed. （ B） The avalanche moves in slow motion. （ C） The avalanche moves quick enough. （ D） The avalanche moves with debris. 18 In addition t
19、o precipitation, spontaneous avalanches might be triggered by the loads of the following factors EXCEPT for_. （ A） snowmobilers （ B） birds （ C） skiers （ D） explosives 19 During what seasons do avalanches often happen? （ A） Spring or summer. （ B） Summer or autumn. （ C） Autumn or winter. （ D） Winter o
20、r spring. 20 Avalanches can be classified by the following EXCEPT for_. （ A） Their weight, their destructive potential and their size. （ B） Their initiation mechanism, their weight and their composition. （ C） Their destructive potential, their initiation mechanism and their dynamics. （ D） Their comp
21、osition, their dynamics and their region. 口译三级综合能力（多项选择）模拟试卷 4答案与解析 一、 PART 2 (30 points, 10 minutes) Listen to the following passages and then choose the best answer to each question. You may need to scribble a few notes in order to answer the questions satisfactorily. There are 3 passages in this
22、part, each with 5 questions. And each question carries 2 points. You will hear the passages only ONCE. At the end of each passage, you will have 2 minutes to finish the questions. 0 【听力原文】 Urban Infrastructure Upgrading The infrastructure needs that go along with urbanization can be enormous in term
23、s of investments in housing, water and sanitation, transportation, electricity, and telecommunications. Many cities have not been able to keep up, and face daunting challenges for the future projected increases in urbanization. Providing universal coverage for water and sanitation services alone in
24、the cities of developing countries is estimated to cost nearly 5 percent of those countries GDP. The problems of accessing infrastructure and services are particularly acute for the urban poor. While access rates for basic services such as water, sanitation and electricity are typically higher in ur
25、ban areas than rural, these numbers mask what is happening for the urban poor where access can be extremely low, unaffordable, and of inadequate quality. Governments, utilities, and service providers are often reluctant to operate in slums because of the informality and illegality of such settlement
26、s. This gap is then filled by informal service providers offering more expensive services. Ultimately, the urban poor end up paying substantially more than the non-poor for their services. Among the programs aimed at the urban poor, overall, slum upgrading is probably the most common. Slum upgrading
27、 programs typically focus on the provision of infrastructure (water and sanitation, waste management, electricity, roads). Some of the more recent World Bank programs which combine investments in basic infrastructure with social programs show much promise for addressing the complex, multidimensional
28、 nature of urban poverty. For example a program in Jamaica combines micro-finance, land tenure regularization, crime and violence prevention programs with physical upgrading to improve access to water, sewage, solid waste, electricity, roads, drainage and related community infrastructure. In Brazil,
29、 investments in social infrastructure for day care, youth training, and health care are combined with physical upgrading of slums. The current financial crisis provides an important opportunity for investing in the provision of basic infrastructure and services in slums as countries design fiscal st
30、imulus packages. With the emerging negative impacts of the crisis on the urban poor, upgrading activities can generate employment particularly for this vulnerable group, while creating lasting assets which are much in need. 【知识模块】 多项选择 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 根据原文 “Providing universal coverage for water a
31、nd sanitation services alone in the cities of developing countries is estimated to cost nearly 5 percent of those countriesGDP”可知，选项 C正确。 【知识模块】 多项选择 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 根据原文 “While access rates for basic services such as water ，sanitation and electricity are typically higher in urban areas than rural
32、， these numbers mask what is happening for the urban poor where access can be extremely low， unaffordable， and of inadequate quality”可知， “urban slums”区域最低，所以选项 C正确。 【知识模块】 多项选择 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据原文 “Among the programs aimed at the urban poor， overall，slum upgrading is probably the most common Slum
33、 upgrading programs typically focus on the provision of infrastructure(water and sanitation， waste management， electricity， roads)”可知，选项 D正确。 【知识模块】 多项选择 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 根据原文 “Some of the more recent World Bank programs which combine investments in basic infrastructure with social programs show mu
34、ch promise for addressing the complex， multidimensional nature of urban poverty For example a program in Jamaica combines micro-financeIn Brazil ，investments in social infrastructure for day care， youth training， and health care are combined with physical upgrading of slums”可知，举例中提及牙买加和巴西是为了说明基础设施投资
35、与社会项目相结合的作用，因此选项 A正确。 【知识模块】 多项选择 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 根据原文 “With the emerging negative i mpacts of the crisis on the urban poor， upgrading activities can generate employment particularly for this vulnerable group， while creating lasting assets which are much in need”可知，选项 B正确。 【知识模块】 多项选择 5 【听力原文】 For
36、ms of Pollution The major forms of pollution are listed below along with the particular contaminant relevant to each of them: Air pollution is the release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere. Common gaseous pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides produce
37、d by industry and motor vehicles. Photochemical ozone and smog are created as nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons react to sunlight. Particulate matter, or fine dust is characterized by their micrometre size PM 10 to PM 2. 5. Light pollution includes light trespass, over-illumination and astronomical i
38、nterference. Littering refers to the criminal throwing of inappropriate man-made objects onto public and private properties. Noise pollution encompasses roadway noise, aircraft noise, industrial noise as well as high-intensity sonar. Soil contamination occurs when chemicals are released by spill or
39、underground leakage. Among the most significant soil contaminants are hydrocarbons, heavy metals, herbicides, pesticides and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Radioactive contamination is resulted from 20th century activities in atomic physics, such as nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons research,
40、manufacture and deployment. Thermal pollution is a temperature change in natural water bodies caused by human influence, such as use of water as coolant in a power plant. Visual pollution can refer to the presence of overhead power lines, motorway billboards, scarred landforms (as from strip mining)
41、, open storage of trash, municipal solid waste or space debris. Water pollution includes discharge of wastewater from commercial and industrial waste (intentionally or through spills)into surface waters; discharges of untreated domestic sewage, and chemical contaminants, such as chlorine, from treat
42、ed sewage; release of waste and contaminants into surface runoff flowing to surface waters, including urban runoff and agricultural runoff, which may contain chemical fertilizers and pesticides; waste disposal and leaching into groundwater; eutrophication and littering. 【知识模块】 多项选择 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】
43、 文章开篇 “The major forms of pollution are listed below along with the particular contaminant relevant to each of them”陈述了本文的主要内容是主要的污染形式及各自污染物，故 B是正确选项。 【知识模块】 多项选择 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题，文章讲到空气污染时提到了 A、 B、 D，而 C是土壤污染的可能因素，故 C是正确选项。 【知识模块】 多项选择 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题，根据原文 “Among the most significant soi
44、l contaminants are hydrocarbons， heavy metals， herbicides， pesticides and chlorinated hydrocarbons”可以判断， B、 C和 D都是污染土壤的重要污染物，故 A是正确选项。 【知识模块】 多项选择 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 根据原文 “Thermal pollutionsuch as use of water as coolant in a power plant”，推理判断发电厂的冷却水可能导 致污染，故 D是正确选项。 【知识模块】 多项选择 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 根据
45、原文 “Water pollution includesand agricultural runoff ，which may contain chemical fertilizers and pesticides”，推理判断农业中使用的化学肥料和杀虫剂会导致水污染，故 A是正确选项。 【知识模块】 多项选择 10 【听力原文】 Business as Usual I first came to Tuvalu ten years ago, my interest piqued by news reports suggesting (and sometimes stating outright)t
46、hat the islands were doomed. Journalists had latched on to countries such as Tuvalu, Kiribati, and Maldives as the environmental hard-luck stories of the new millennium. These postcard paradises had become poster children for a planetary crisis, with their inhabitants cast as the worlds first climat
47、e refugees. “Tuvalu Sinks Today The Rest of Us Tomorrow?“ was a typical headline. A prominent environmental campaigner had declared that Tuvalus leaders had “ conceded defeat in their battle with the rising sea, announcing that they will abandon their homeland. “ A similar claim was made in Al Gores
48、 documentary, An Inconvenient Truth. “The evacuation and shutting down of a nation has begun,“ reported the British Guardian newspaper. That islands like Tuvalu face an intensifying barrage of climate impacts is not in doubt. Besides the damage inflicted by sea-level rise itself coastal erosion, sur
49、face flooding, and saltwater intrusion into soil and groundwater they will suffer from increasingly frequent and severe weather extremes (droughts and cyclones)and die-offs of their coral reefs through ocean warming and acidification, leading to potential collapse of marine ecosystems that provide food and livelihoods for island dwellers. But from what I could see, it was business as usual in Funafuti ten years ago. Government staff were about to move into a brand-new building o
