1、口译二级实务模拟试卷 18及答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin.
2、1 下面你将听到的是一段有关国际局势的讲话。 In the wake of the Cold War, the world has experienced a time when there is only one superpower and therefore, no balance of power. Will this situation persist for a long time? Well, the answer to that depends on whether youre an optimist or a pessimist, and on the possibility
3、 of subsuming power politics within a constitutional world order shaped by the mono-cultural global ideology. For the foreseeable future, though, a third world war seems unlikely; because there is no major ideological fracture severe enough to sustain it. War itself wont disappear, and occasional re
4、gional armed conflicts flare up. Though a world war is less likely for the present, I worry about the proliferation of nuclear weapons and lethal bio-chemical arms. It is terrifying to see the way that power is increasingly disseminated to small, completely ruthless groups like terrorists, drug traf
5、fickers and local warlords. The great imponderable is that some nuts could create a nuclear explosion, or that some essentially local conflict could escalate out of control. The huge economic imbalance in the world will also result in serious disasters. The fact that the richest 20 percent have 86 p
6、ercent of global GDP, and the 20 poorest countries only 1 percent constitutes a destabilizing factor that will harm world peace. There are people who anticipate a more progressive path, sometimes called “the new medievalism“, in which the relentless advance of information technology results in the d
7、emise of the state as we know it. The idea is that global communications will simultaneously empower individuals to create transnational virtual communities and make it more difficult for governments to control their populations. The result will be a new political landscape with overlapping jurisdic
8、tions in place of territorial states with distinct jurisdictions. Again, Im skeptical myself. We cant ultimately exist as virtual communities; we all have to live somewhere and pay our taxes. The resurgence of nationalism argues against this model in any case. In the first half of the 20th century m
9、any believed that nationalism would give way to a world organized on liberal principles; some even believed in world government. But today the pressure is in the opposite direction, towards ethnic separatism at an accelerating speed. Since the end of the Cold War, much of the attention focused on nu
10、clear and strategic issues has drained away to a dangerous extent in fact. Weapons of mass destruction have increased, and the international political and military balance has now been seriously undermined by the nuclear tests in countries and regions that have lost grip on them. A stronger and more
11、 efficient United Nations that allows for diversified values, therefore, has been asked for to maintain a check-and-balance pattern of the world political structure. As regards the balance of power in the future, well, the one thing that we can be sure about is that our job is not to predict the fut
12、ure but to improve the .understanding of this diversified world we live in. On that front at least, were optimistic about improvement and progress . 2 下面你将听到的是一段有关企业管理的讲话。 It stands to reason that for an organization to act intelligently, first and foremost, it must have a clear and unambiguous sens
13、e of purpose. The leaders of the enterprise have to provide direction or a sense of destiny before they can harness the collective talents and skills of everyone to move forward. And unless that reason for existing resonates with the rank-and-file, not much forward momentum will be created. An organ
14、izations sense of purpose has three distinct elements: First, a sound strategic concept which details why the organization has been formed and what it is hoped it will achieve. This may be articulated in a succinct and applicable mission statement. For example, Disneys strategic concept is “to deliv
15、er a rich customer experience which is full of fun and fantasy delivered in a theatrical environment“. To retain its relevance, the strategic concept should be systematically evaluated each year and updated to reflect new trends, threats or opportunities. Second, a workable value proposition by whic
16、h the organization will convert the value it adds for customers into revenue. The value proposition is the organizations promise to the marketplace. Third, a good business model which will provide the infrastructure by which the value proposition will be executed week-in and week-out. In an organiza
17、tion where these three elements are under constant evaluation and discussion, the leaders are able to respond to the evolving business environment appropriately. In practice, strategic vision is the capacity of an organizations leaders to create,“ evolve and express the purpose of the business enter
18、prise. If the leaders are incapable of evolving that business concept over time, the organization will drift from one idea to the next. Conversely, strong leaders will have a vibrant and robust strategic concept in place, value proposition and business model. They will bring to the task what can be
19、termed “bifocal vision“, that is, strong leaders will have the capacity to respond to the challenges of the present without losing sight of where the organization needs to be heading in the future. 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Ch
20、inese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 3 下面你将听到的是一段有关儿童发展的讲话。 儿童的生存、保护和发展是提高人口素质的基础，直接关系到一个国家和民族的前途与命运。中华民族素有 “携幼 ”、 “爱幼 ”的传统美德，中国古语 “幼吾幼以及人之幼 ”流传至今。 中国政府一向以认真和负
21、责的态度，高度关心和重视儿童的生存、保护和发展，把 “提高全民族素质，从儿童抓起 ”作为社会主义现代化建设的根本大计，在全社会倡导树立 “爱护儿童、教育儿童、为儿童做表率、为儿童办实事 ”的公民意识，并努力为儿童事业的 发展创造良好的社会条件。 中国实行改革开放政策以来，儿童工作进一步走上社会化、科学化、法制化的轨道，儿童工作成为国家建设和全社会义务的重要组成部分。 为了切实保护儿童权益，中国的立法、司法、政府各有关部门以及社会团体都建立了相应的机制，以监督、实施和促进保护儿童事业的健康发展。作为中国最高国家权力机关的全国人民代表大会，其内务司法委员会负责妇女儿童权益保障的立法和执法监督检查，
22、委员会内设立了妇女、儿童专门小组，配有专职人员。 中国政府一直把儿童教育置于整个教育事业发展的优先地位。在政 府和全社会的共同努力下，近年来，中国的儿童教育事业有了很大发展，许多指标优先于其他发展中国家，有的接近发达国家水平。 中国动员社会采取多种方式关心和帮助残疾儿童的成长，大力弘扬残疾儿童自强不息的精神，倡导团结、友爱、互助的社会风尚。大众传媒积极反映残疾儿童的生活，报道残疾人事业发展情况。广播、电视普遍开办残疾儿童专题节目，并配制手语、字幕 .逐步实行方便残疾人的城市道路和建筑物设计规范，采取无障碍设施等措施，为残疾儿童的生存和发展创造良好的社会环境。 为促进儿童保护领域的国际合作，中国
23、政府和社 会力量在扎实、有效地做好国内儿童生存、保护和发展工作的同时，还积极参与有关儿童生存、保护和发展的全球性和区域性国际合作与交流活动。多年来，中国与联合国儿童基金会、联合国教科文组织和世界卫生组织在有关儿童保护领域进行了卓有成效的合作，得到了有关国际组织和权威人士的好评。 4 下面你将听到的是一段有关矿产开发的讲话。 中国经济高速发展，需要大量的矿产品及相关的能源与原材料加工制品。每年消耗的矿石量达 60多亿吨，位居世界前列。 中国政府为实现经济的可持续发展，在矿产资源勘查、开发领域制定了一系 列的法律、法规和政策，形成了既适合中国国情又基本与国际接轨的矿产资源勘查、开发政策法律体系。中
24、国政府积极履行入世承诺，主动调整了法律法规和行政职能，建立了一个多元、稳定的矿产资源贸易体系，保障了出口矿产品的市场和进口矿产品货源的稳定。 经过科学探测，我们对我国矿产资源的分布有了更清楚的认识：中国煤炭和石油的特点是资源丰富但结构不理想。煤炭资源蕴藏量大，煤种齐全，但优质炼焦用煤和无烟煤储量不多；分布广泛，但储量丰度悬殊，东少西多，北丰南贫。中国石油资源储量大，是世界可采资源量大于 150亿吨的 10个国家 之一，但是资源的探明程度低，陆上探明石油地质储量仅占全部资源的 20，近海海域的探明程度更低；分布比较集中，大于 10万平方千米的 14个盆地的石油资源量占全国的73；油气资源埋藏深，
25、地质条件复杂。 中国矿产资源遍布于全国各地，但因所处大地构造带和成矿地质条件的不同，各地区矿产资源分布不均，其矿种、储量、质量差异较大，形成了东、中、西部各地域矿产资源的不同特征。西部地区矿产资源分布集中，比较优势突出，具备形成优势支柱产业的资源基础。全国已查明资源储量的 157种矿产中，西部地区拥有 138种。此外，西部地 区的有色金属储量丰富，不少金属和非金属矿石也具有较高的品质等级。 我们将本着建设一个资源节约型社会的精神，合理开发和利用我国的矿产资源，推动发展循环经济，以造福于全人类。 口译二级实务模拟试卷 18答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Trans
26、lation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 1 【正确答案】 冷战以后世界上仅有一个超级大国，势力均衡因此也就不存在了。这种状况是否会持续很久呢
27、?答案取决于你是乐观主义者，还是悲观主义者。还取决于强权政治是否会被纳入受全球单一文化观念影响的某种立宪制世界秩序中。 不 过，在可预见的未来，第三次世界大战似乎不太可能发生，因为不存在严重到足以引发世界大战的意识形态上的重大分歧。战争本身不可能销声匿迹，局部武装冲突时有爆发。 虽然目前发生世界大战的可能性更小了，不过我担心核武器扩散，担心致命性生化武器的扩散。可怕的是，越来越多的杀人武器流散到像恐怖主义分子、毒品贩子和地方军阀这样毫无人性的小团伙手里。最无法估计的事是某些疯子会制造一场核爆炸，或者地方性的冲突会升级到无法控制的地步。世界经济严重失衡也会带来严重的后果，占世界人口 20的最富的
28、国家拥有全球国内生产总值的 86，而最穷的 20个国家仅拥有全球国内生产总值的 1，这也是影响世界和平的不稳定因素。 另一些人预见到一条更具有进化性的道路，这条道路有时被称为 “新中世纪主义 ”。根据这一理论，信息技术的持续进步将导致我们现有概念中的国家最终灭亡。这种观点认为，全球性通讯传播将同时赋予个人创建跨国虚拟社区的能力，使各国政府难以控制其人民。其结果是一种政治新格局的形成，相互重叠的管辖体系将取代管辖权界线分明的领土型国家。 对此我同样表示怀疑。我们最终是不能以虚拟社区的形式存在：我们都得生活在某个地方并且纳税。民 族主义的再度兴起实际上是对这种模式否定。 20世纪上半叶，许多人相信
29、民族主义会让位于一个根据自由主义原则组建的世界；有些人甚至相信会有世界政府。可是如今的趋势是朝相反方向，朝着民族分离主义的方向进一步发展。 冷战结束以来，对核武器和战略问题的关注已逐渐减少到十分危险的程度。大规模杀伤性武器的数量在不断上升，而一些国家和地区所进行的几近失控的核试验严重威胁着世界的政治军事平衡。 人们期待出现一个更为强大、更有效率、价值多元的联合国，对世界政治格局起到制约和平衡的作用。 至于未来势力均衡的 问题，有一点可以肯定，我们的任务不是预测未来，而是增进对我们所居住的这个多样性世界的理解。至少在这一方面，我们对其发展与进步持乐观态度。 【试题解析】 本文是一篇关于国际局势的
30、讲话。文中除讲述了当今世界的整体局势外，还讲述了威胁世界和平和安全的因素，包括武器扩散、恐怖主义、经济严重失衡等，并阐述了其中的原因。最后，文中指出主要依托联合国，对应对这些威胁提出了看法。 本文要求应试者掌握一定的国际政治局势的常识，熟悉相关的专门词汇和表达方式，这依赖于应试者平时的知识积累，是翻译的基本要求。 此外，应试者还需要在短时间内，对长难句进行正确的理解、分析、简化或切分，把握两种语言各自特色，完成双语间的转换；对于一些较为生僻的短语和表达法，不能死译、硬译，而应该充分联系上下文灵活变通，使译文通顺流畅。 2 【正确答案】 显然，一个企业若要精明地运作，首先必须有一个明确而清晰的目
31、标。 企业领导人要指出企业的方向或命运所在，才能调动并利用好众人的智慧和才能，不断前进。企业为生存而遵循的理念除非与普通员工产生共鸣，否则很难创造强劲的上升势头。 一个企业的目标，包含下列三大要素： 第一，健全的战略理念，用于详述企业成立的宗旨和期望达到的目标。可以是一句简练、适用性强的使命宣言。 例如，迪斯尼的战略理是 “为顾客提供在戏剧性的环境中才能体验得到的、充满乐趣和幻想的丰富经历 ”。 为了切合实际，每年都应该对战略性理念进行系统的评估和更新，以使其反映新的趋势，新的挑战或新的机会。 第二，切实可行的价值主张，通过价值主张，企业把为顾客创造的价值转变成收益。价值主张是一个企业对市场所
32、做的承诺。 第三，良好的商业模式，为价值主张的实现，提供日常可实施的框架。 一个企业如果经常对上述三大要素进行评估和讨论，其领导就能及时应对不断发生变化的企业环境。 在实践中，战略眼光指的是一个企业领导人创造、发展与表述企业理念的能力。如果领导人不能随着时间的推移而发展其商业理念，其企业就会随波逐流，无所适从。 相反，强有力的领导人会确立有活力的、健全的战略理念、价值主张和商业模式。他们的 “双重 ”视野使其既能看到近期，又能考虑到未来。换言之，强有力的领导人有能力在应对当前挑战的同时，不失去对企业未来走向的判断。 【试题解析】 本文是一段有关企业 管理的讲话。文中主要介绍了企业目标的重要性以
33、及目标的三大要素：战略理念、价值主张、商业模式，并对这三大要素做出具体解释。同时还指出了企业领导人的战略眼光和魄力的重要性。 本文要求应试者掌握一定的经济管理常识，要对经济管理的相关专门词汇和表达方式有一定的了解，这依赖于应试者平时的知识积累，是翻译的基本要求。此外，应试者还需要在短时间内，对长难句进行正确的理解、分析、简化或切分，把握好两种语言各自特色，完成双语间的转换；对于一些较为生僻的短语和表达法，不能死译、硬译，而应该充分联系上下文灵活变通，使译文 通顺流畅。 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) I
34、nterpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 3 【正确答案】 Children s survival, protection and growth have a direct bearing on a coun
35、try and a nations future and destiny. The Chinese nation has long cultivated the traditional virtues of “bringing up the young“ and “caring for the young. “ An old Chinese saying that “Love our own and others children“ is still very popular. The Chinese government, with an earnest and responsible at
36、titude, always attaches vital importance to childrens survival, protection and growth. It regards “providing education for children to improve the quality of the whole nation“ as a fundamental policy for its socialist modernization drive. The government urges the society at large to “ protect and ed
37、ucate children, and set an example and do practical things for children. “ It spares no effort to create favorable social conditions for the progress of childrens undertakings. Since the implementation of the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, childrens programs in China have further
38、 moved into social, scientific and legal tracks; and childrens programs have become an important part of the nations construction and the duties of the whole society. To truly protect childrens rights and interests, Chinas legislative, judicial and relevant government departments as well as mass org
39、anizations have set up corresponding mechanisms to supervise, facilitate and promote the sound development of the work concerning childrens protection. The National Peoples Congress, the highest organ of state power in China, has under it the Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs, which is res
40、ponsible for legislation for the protection of the rights and interests of women and children as well as for the supervision and examination of law enforcement. This committee has a special group for women and children staffed with full-time personnel. The Chinese government always gives priority to
41、 childrens education in the promotion of education in general. Thanks to the concerted efforts made by the government and the society, childrens education has seen great progress in the past few years, with many indexes higher than those of other developing countries and some indexes close to those
42、of developed countries. The Chinese government has done a great deal to mobilize all sectors of society to care for, in various manners, the growth of disabled children, to greatly encourage the spirit of unceasing self-improvement among physically disadvantaged children and to advocate the social v
43、irtues of unity, friendship and mutual aid. The media actively reports on their living conditions and work. Radio and TV stations offer special programs with sign language and captions for physically disadvantaged children. To create a favorable social environment for physically disadvantaged childr
44、ens survival and growth, China has set and gradually implemented standards for the design of urban roads, buildings, and other obstacle-free facilities for their convenience. To promote international cooperation in the protection of children, the Chinese government and society at large have taken an
45、 active part in global and regional international cooperation and exchanges regarding childrens survival, protection and growth while devoting themselves to this cause in a down-to-the-earth and effective manner. In recent years, China has effectively cooperated with the UN Childrens Fund, the UN Ed
46、ucational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and the World Health Organization in its work to protect children. This has been highly appreciated by international organizations and experts. 【试题解析】 本文是一段有关儿童发展的讲话。文中介绍了新中国政府 对儿童发展的政策和方针，关注残疾儿童的发展，积极开展国际合作。 本文要求应试者掌握一定的教育方面的常识，了解与儿童发展相关的国家政策，熟悉相关专门词汇
47、和表达方式，这依赖于应试者平时的知识积累，是翻译的基本要求。此外，应试者还需要在听的短时间内，对汉语特色的流水句做出相应的分析，适当地将其切分为多个独立的英文句子。翻译时把握好两种语言各自特色，完成双语间的转换。对于一些较为生僻的短语和表达法，不能死译、硬译，而应该充分联系上下文灵活变通，使译文通顺流畅。 4 【正确答案】 With rapid economic development, China needs a large number of mineral products and relevant energy and raw material products. The annual
48、 consumption of ores has exceeded 6 billion tons, making China one of the major consumers in the world. To achieve sustainable economic development, the Chinese government has formulated a series of laws, regulations and policies regarding the exploration and development of mineral resources, formin
49、g a set of policies and regulations suited to Chinas national conditions and the international practice. The Chinese government has taken the initiative to comply with its commitments to the World Trade Organization by adjusting its laws and regulations and administrative functions. A diversified, stable mineral resource trading system has been established, ensuring the stability of export markets and import sources for mineral products. The scientific surveying of the countrys mineral resources made us better informed of their distribution: C
