1、口译二级实务模拟试卷 22及答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin.
2、1 下面你将听到一段有关非洲粮食安全问题的讲话。 I am pleased to welcome you to the United Nations for this first meeting of your contact group. Your focus on food security in Africa comes at a crucial time. The latest food crisis on the continent has brought home to us, more than ever before, the urgent need for a strateg
3、y to break the pattern of recurrent crises and bring about a Green Revolution in Africa. But achieving this will require radical approaches on multiple fronts. Africa has faced food crises in the past; it has faced deadly diseases; it has struggled to come to terms with governance challenges in stat
4、es with limited capacity and resources. But rarely has the continent had to face the kind of intersecting challenges we see today. Today, Africa faces a deadly triad of related burdens food insecurity, HIV/AIDS and an emaciated capacity to govern and provide services. We cannot find viable solutions
5、 to the challenge of food security unless we address the challenges of AIDS and governance at the same time. Food insecurity in Africa has structural causes. Most African farmers farm small plots of land that do not produce enough to meet the needs of their families. The problem is compounded by the
6、 farmers lack of bargaining power and lack of access to land, finance and technology. This further weakens farmers ability to withstand the impact of recurrent drought and the growing HIV/AIDS epidemic. Thirty million Africans now live with HIV, and the continent has borne the brunt of more than 20
7、million AIDS deaths worldwide. In some areas of Africa, more than 40 percent of the population is HIV-positive, and similar proportions are going hungry. The devastating impact of HIV/AIDS on food production with seven million African farmers already dead is only too obvious. Infection rates are ris
8、ing among African women. The latest figures show that women make up 58 percent of Africans already infected. Because of AIDS, skills and knowledge are dying out rather than being passed from one generation to the next. Both at the household level and the government level, resources are being diverte
9、d from food production to health care. In turn, food shortages fuel the disease, through malnutrition, poverty and inequality. Clearly, breaking this destructive cycle poses a huge challenge to governance. It will require strong institutions, improved skills and innovative policies. But in an irony
10、so typical of me age of AIDS, Africas ability to govern and to provide services is itself being stretched to breaking point by the disease. This interlocking set of issues facing Africa is far greater than the sum of its parts. Addressing the issue I have raised requires a new, integrated response f
11、rom both the Governments of Africa and the international community. It requires a shift from short-term approaches to a reassessment of our entire strategy for development or, taking long-term measures even when addressing short-term emergencies. Ladies and gentlemen, The United Nations family is al
12、ready joining forces to mount the coordinated effort needed. I hope you will work across the board with us, and with the Governments of Africa, in developing the range of revolutionary approaches we need to tackle the deadly triad and break the pattern of food crises in Africa. I opened my remarks w
13、ith a message of despair; let me close with one hope. Yes, this is an unprecedented set of challenges. But your presence here today tells me that we have unprecedented consensus on the need to confront them Together, we must mobilize the political will to succeed. Thank you very much. 2 下面你将听到的这段讲话，
14、主题是香港廉政公署和国际刑警组织如何共同合作打击贪污。 Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, First of all, I wish to congratulate the Independent Commission Against Corruption(ICAC)and the Interpol on the success of this conference, a conference which has attracted over 500 delegates including anti-corruption experts, l
15、aw enforcers, representatives from world organizations, and financial institutions and academia from around the world. It is indeed a great honour for Hong Kong to co-host this global conference with the worlds preeminent organisation. I would also like to extend my warmest welcome to all our partic
16、ipants, who come from all over the world and yet share a commitment to the same cause. The participation of 65 law enforcement agencies from more than 59 jurisdictions and eight international organisations in this conference reflects a truly global partnership in fighting corruption. Corruption is a
17、 social crime. Its adverse effects on a society can be very significant if left unchecked. It can erode the rule of law, undermine the efficiency of governments, stifle economic development, and in some cases may trigger social and political unrest. With accelerated economic globalization and rapid
18、advances in technology, corruption today transcends national boundaries, and has taken on a new dimension. It has become a means to facilitate and perpetuate syndicated crimes, including international money laundering schemes, massive commercial fraud scams, cross-border drug trafficking, smuggling
19、of human beings and many other serious crimes. To tackle corruption as a global issue and a cross-border crime, we need a global approach and a border-less alliance. Hong Kongs ICAC and Interpol have built up a very solid relationship over the years to combat corruption through the promotion of inte
20、rnational co-operation and strategic alliance. Hong Kong is a premier international financial center and is widely recognised as one of the most competitive and freest economies in the world. Among the many fundamental strengths that Hong Kong possesses, I am particularly proud that we are rated as
21、one of me least corrupt places in the world. Despite these achievements, there is no room for complacency. At the moment, we are facing tremendous challenges as our economy grapples with restructuring. This conference provides a valuable forum for all participants to share experiences and to exchang
22、e ideas and initiatives for tackling corruption. I am sure everyone here will benefit in one way or another. Ladies and Gentlemen, I now declare the Conference open, and wish you a fruitful and very memorable stay in Hong Kong. Thank you. 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points, 30 minutes)
23、 Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 3 下面你将听到一段关于中国法制建设的讲话。 当今是法行天下的时代。国运之兴盛，政治之昌明，社会之稳定，经济之发展，民族之团结，文化之繁荣，人民之安居乐业，都离不
24、开法律之维系和法律之保障。中国也不例外。 一个国家采取什么样的治国方略，关系着国家的前途和命运。 20世纪末，拥有十二亿人口的中国向全世界宣示了它的治国方略 依法治国，并在此道路上迈出了坚实的步伐：一个适应社会主义市场经济的法律体系正在发育成熟；一个转变政府职能、严格依法行政的 变革正在有序进行，一场围绕公正与效率的司法体制改革正在不断深化；一项把法律交给亿万人民的宏大社会工程正在深入持久地进行。 诸位知道，实现经济发展，宪法是最重要最根本的法律保障。新中国成立初期，对农业、手工业和资本主义工商业完成社会主义改造后，公有制成了主要所有制模式，私有经济没有合法的地位；计划经济成了主要的经济体制模
25、式，企业自身没有经营的自主权；按劳分配成了主要的分配模式，公民没有按劳分配收入外的其他收入。在这种经济制度下，中国的经济发展非常缓慢。 1978年，中国开始实行改革开放。 1988年，中国对现行宪法进行第一次修正，确认了私有经济的合法地位； 1 993年，中国对现行宪法又进行了修正，明确国家实行社会主义市场经济。宪法的变革，促进了公有经济和私有经济的共同发展，促进了国家综合国力的增强和人民生活的改善，给中国的政治、经济、社会生活带来了深刻变革。 4 下面你将听到一段回忆邓小平同志的发言。 上个世纪 70年代末，我参加了第四次全国文代会，大会上小平同志致辞时获得的长时间的热烈掌声给我留下了极深的
26、印象。这次大会是文艺界经历十年浩劫后的第一次盛会，也是小平同志复出后第一次代表党中 央、国务院同广大文艺工作者见面。 1960年的第三次文代会后，文艺界一直处于 “多事之秋 ”。由于林彪、 “四人帮 ”推行极 “左 ”路线，许多有杰出贡献的作家、艺术家相继被打成 “走资派 ”或 “反动权威 ”，受到打击，有的被迫害致死。许多本来优秀的作品或正确的理论观点，被扣上 “毒草 ”的帽子，受到批判清剿。经过十多年的折腾，文艺界已经溃不成军了。 小平同志的 “致辞 ”就是代表中央对文艺界重新估价，也是来为文艺工作者鼓劲的。我记得，小平同志一走到讲台，全场就响起雷鸣般的掌声。此后在小平同志的整个讲话里，全
27、场一次次 地响起热烈的、暴风雨般的掌声。 记得很多年前，塔斯社在发表苏联领导人讲话时，在每个段落之后都要用括号标明 “掌声 ”、 “热烈掌声 ”、 “暴风雨般的掌声 ”、 “雷鸣般的掌声 ”，来表现演讲效果。后来听说，有些不完全符合事实。但是，用这些词形容小平同志的讲话，确实是一点也不过分，那些掌声确实是非常真诚和由衷的。 口译二级实务模拟试卷 22答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chine
28、se. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 1 【正确答案】 欢迎各位来到联合国，参加本联络小组的第一次会议。 你们很适时地将重点放在非洲 的粮食安全方面。非洲最近的粮食危机使我们比以往任何时候都更充分地认识到制定一个能打破不断发生此类危机的局面，并给非洲带来一场绿色革命的战略的紧迫性。但要做到这一点，就要在多个方面采
29、取积极措施。 非洲过去也曾出现粮食危机，曾出现过致命的疾病，在一些国家，由于能力和资源方面的限制，政府在治理上遇到过挑战。 但非洲大陆很少象现在这样同时遭遇来自许多领域的挑战。目前，非洲面临着三重极其繁重的负担，即粮食安全问题、艾滋病病毒艾滋病和政府日渐衰弱的治理和服务能力。 如果不同时应对艾滋病和治理方 面的挑战，我们就不能为粮食安全问题找到一个可行的解决方案。 非洲的粮食安全问题有着结构性的原因。多数非洲农民耕种的小片土地不能生产满足自家需要的产品。此外，农民们没有议价能力，也无法获得土地、资金和技术。 这些进一步削弱了农民承受反复出现的干旱和不断蔓延的艾滋病疫情影响的能力。 目前有 30
30、00万非洲人感染艾滋病病毒，全球有 2000多万人死于艾滋病，非洲大陆首当其冲。在非洲的一些地区，超过 40的人口感染艾滋病病毒，还有同样数量的人正面临饥荒。 艾滋病病毒艾滋病对粮食生产的破 坏性影响是再明显不过的，已有 700万非洲农民因此丧身。艾滋病在非洲妇女中的传染率在上升，最新数据表明妇女占非洲艾滋病感染者的 58。 由于艾滋病的影响，知识和技能无法代代相传，正在逐渐失传。不论是在家庭还是在政府层面，资源被用于医疗，而非粮食生产。而粮食短缺反过来又通过贫穷、不平等和营养不良等因素加剧疾病的蔓延。 显然，如何打破这一恶性循环为政府治理提出了严峻的挑战。应对这一挑战需要强有力的制度、更高的
31、技能和创新的政策。而具有讽刺意味的是，非洲政府的治理和服务能力却几乎被这种疾病消耗殆尽，而 这种情况在这个艾滋病年代又是常常发生的。 作为一个整体，非洲面临这一系列的问题盘根错节，要远比各个问题的简单总和更加难以对付。要解决我所提出的问题，非洲各国政府和国际社会应该采取一种综合性的新对策，摈弃短期方案，对我们的整个发展战略进行重新评估，换句话说，就是即使在处理短期性紧急状况时也要采取立足长远的措施。女士们，先生们， 联合国大家庭已经携起手来，通过合作解决这些问题。我希望你们在各方面与我们及非洲各国政府共同努力，制定一系列必要的革命性方案，解决非洲致命的三重负担问题和打破非洲粮食危机 的怪圈。
32、我带着失望开始这篇演讲，请让我满怀希望结束它。是的，我们面临着一系列前所未有的挑战。但你们能出席今天的会议，说明我们对于解决这一问题的必要性有着空前的一致。我们必须共同努力，为我们的成功做出政治决断。 谢谢大家。 【试题解析】 本文是有关非洲粮食安全问题的讲话，就非洲粮食问题的根源作了详细的说明，并请求获得国际社会的援助。 本文要求应试者具有一定的社会背景知识，如国家政治及艾滋病方面的常识，这些知识构成考查应试者基本素质的内容，在较为短暂的时间内，应试者还需对复杂的长难句作出判断，使翻译不仅信息完整正确，还要基本符合汉语习惯。在此基础上，应试者还要对文中的某些单词或短语作出判断，使其翻译不仅正
33、确还要符合上下文语境的需要。 2 【正确答案】 尊敬的各位来宾，女士们，先生们， 首先，我祝贺香港廉政公署和国际刑警组织成功举办此次会议。此次会议吸引了来自全球的 500多名代表，包括反贪专家、执法人员，还有来自国际组织、金融机构和学术界的朋友。香港能够与举世闻名的国际刑警组织共同举办这一全球性会议，深感荣幸。 我谨向所有与会代表表示热烈欢迎，大家来自世界 各地，却有着同样的理想。参加此次盛会的，包括逾五十九个司法管辖区的六十五个执法机构和八个国际组织，这表明此次会议是一次真正的全球性反贪合作会议。 贪污是一种社会罪行，如不加以阻止，对社会祸害无穷，会腐蚀法治，影响政府效率，抑制经济发展，有时
34、甚至可能造成社会政治动荡。 随着经济全球化加速发展，科技进步日新月异，今天，贪污恶行已不受国界限制，并以新的形式出现，成为不法集团的犯罪工具，被用来从事国际洗钱、大规模商业诈骗、跨国毒品走私、贩卖人口等许多严重罪行。 对付贪污这种全球性跨国犯罪行为 ，需要采取全球跨国联盟的方式加以打击。多年来，香港廉政公署与国际刑警组织已结成稳固的合作盟友，通过推动国际协作和战略性结盟，合力打击贪污。 香港是一流的国际金融中心，被公认为世界上最具竞争力和最自由的经济体之一。我们有许多根本优势，其中尤其令我自豪的是被评为世界上最廉洁的地方。 虽然取得了这些成绩，我们却不能自满。目前，我们正面临经济转型的重大挑战
35、。 这次会议给我们提供了分享经验，交流意见，讨论反腐良方的宝贵机会。我深信每位与会者都会从中受益。 女士们，先生们，现在我宣布会议 开幕，并祝大家旅港愉快，富有成效。 谢谢。 【试题解析】 本文主题是香港廉政公署和国际刑警组织如何共同合作打击贪污。本文要求应试者具有相关方面的常识，掌握相关专门术语，这些知识构成考查应试者基本素质的内容，在较为短暂的时间内，应试者还需对复杂的长难句作出判断，使翻译不仅信息完整正确。还要基本符合汉语习惯。在此基础上，应试者还要对文中的某些单词或短语作出判断，使其翻译不仅正确还要符合上下文语境的需要。 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Transl
36、ation (50 points, 30 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 3 【正确答案】 Todays world is based on rule of law. The p
37、rosperity of a nation, the flourishing of its political life, the stability of its society, the development of its economy, the unity of its ethnic communities, the thriving of its culture and the well-being and happiness of its people, all hinge on the maintenance of law and order and the integrity
38、 of the legal system. China is no exception. What a nation adopts for its national strategy will have a lot to do with its future and destiny. Towards the end of 20th century, China, a country of 1.2 billion people, made it clear to the world that it would run the country in accordance with law, and
39、 has since taken solid steps forward along this path. A system of laws that meets the needs of the socialist market economy is taking shape. A reform that transforms the functions of government and makes administration more strictly law-based is under way in an orderly fashion. A judicial restructur
40、ing that aims to ensure greater justice and efficiency is deepening steadily. And a grand social campaign that educates the hundreds of millions in the importance of the law is proceeding into greater depth. As you know, the constitution of a country is the most important and most fundamental legal
41、guarantee for its economic development. In the early years of New China, public ownership emerged as the dominant form of ownership after the socialist transformation of agriculture, handcraft and capitalist industry and commerce, and the private ownership had no lawful status. Planned economy becam
42、e the dominant mode of the economy, and enterprises had no right to operate their businesses independently. Distribution according to work became the dominant mode of distribution, and citizens had no income from other sources. Under such an economic system, Chinas economy developed at a snails pace
43、. In 1978, China launched its reform and opening up program. In 1988, the country amended its constitution for the first time, recognizing the lawful status of the private economy. In 1993, it amended the constitution again, making it clear that the state practiced the socialist market economy. Thes
44、e amendments have promoted both the public and private sectors of the economy, boosted Chinas comprehensive national strength, improved the quality of life of its people, and brought profound changes to Chinas political, economic and social life. 【试题解析】 本文主要讨论中国法制建设，深入分析了中国法制建设的思路，说明了法制建设的过程和展望。本文要求
45、应试者具有相关中国政治方面的概念常识，能够正确理解并翻译某些术语，这些知识构成基本素质的考查点。此外，应试 者还需根据英语语言习惯，重新整理中文句子结构，在此基础上，应试者要灵活处理对某些单词或短语的翻译，使之不仅正确，还应符合上下文语境的要求。 4 【正确答案】 Towards the end of the 1970s, I attended the 4th National Conference on Culture and Art Work. The long and enthusiastic ovation Comrade Deng Xiaoping received during h
46、is speech left a deep impression on me. This was the first culture and art gathering after me disastrous decade of “cultural revolution“, and also Dengs first meeting with the countrys culture and art workers on behalf of the Party Central Committee and the State Council after his latest “comeback“.
47、 After the 3rd national conference in 1960, Chinas culture and art circles had been under the grips of “bad luck“. Lin Biao and the “Gang of Four“, in their push for the extremist “Left“ line, turned many gifted writers, artists into “capitalist roaders“ and “reactionary authority“, brutalizing them
48、, even killing some of them. Many otherwise good works of art or correct theoretical propositions were castigated as “poisonous weeds“. The decade left behind a terrible ruin in Chinas culture and art. Dengs speech at the conference represented the rehabilitation of Chinas culture work. It was also
49、a morale booster to the culture and art workers. I remember that as Xiaoping approached the podium, a big round of thunderous applause was heard in the auditorium. And as he went on, his speech was interrupted again and again by warm and thunderous applauses. I remember many years ago when TASS reported on Soviet leaders speeches, it would mark the end of every paragraph with bracketed “applause“, “warm applause“, “tumultuous applause“, “thunderous applause“ or other descriptions to highlight the result. They were not exactly truthful as I learned
