1、口译二级综合能力模拟试卷 11及答案与解析 一、 PART 1 (20 points) Listen to the following short passages and then decide whether the corresponding statements are true or false. You will hear the passages only ONCE. There are 10 questions in this part of the test, 2 points for each question. 1 The acids in acid rain are t
2、he only reason that forms urban smog alone. （ A）正确 （ B）错误 2 Chinese government is ready to accept public-private partnerships in order to provide the healthcare service for all segments of society. （ A）正确 （ B）错误 3 Scientists know more about competing theories of uncertainty, so they are closer to so
3、lving a problem. （ A）正确 （ B）错误 4 The contact group is a group of nations that concern the future status of Kosovo. （ A）正确 （ B）错误 5 UN Partition Resolution in 1947 divides Palestinian territory into two states. （ A）正确 （ B）错误 6 Besera Kostava is the master of ceremonies for the concert. （ A）正确 （ B）错误
4、7 The economy is very healthy because all of the economic numbers look good. （ A）正确 （ B）错误 8 The funds to expand alternative energy research are 2,700 million dollars, a 53 percent increase over the 2006 funding level. （ A）正确 （ B）错误 9 An original mechanism to deal with conflicts is established in or
5、der to prevent overspilling of conflicts from one country into another country. （ A）正确 （ B）错误 10 The new LIN Secretary General is already on the mission before he takes office. （ A）正确 （ B）错误 二、 PART 2 (20 points) Listen to the following short passages and then choose one of the answers that best fit
6、s the meaning of each passage. The passages will be read only ONCE. There are 10 passages in this part of test, each with 1 question, which carries 2 points. 11 Which of the following is NOT the purpose of Americas central bank? （ A） Controlling the flow of money in the economy. （ B） Overseeing the
7、activities of banks. （ C） Producing and distributing bank notes and coins. （ D） Contributing to the maintenance of a stable financial system. 12 Which of the following might be carried on board by hand? （ A） All cabin baggage. （ B） Items in transparent plastic carrier bags. （ C） Handbags and laptop
8、computers. （ D） Handbags and mobile phones. 13 How many people were missing in the storm of July 17 that drenched North Korea? （ A） 549. （ B） 151. （ C） 295. （ D） 29. 14 What is one of the main reasons that restrict the mobile gambling market in Asia? （ A） Restrictions from the governments. （ B） The
9、technological restrictions. （ C） The unclear situation of mobile gambling. （ D） The insufficient number of gaming operators. 15 What is the direct reason for the temporary shutdown of some of the turbines? （ A） Americans are not convinced of the virtues of wind power. （ B） Environmentalists believe
10、that windmills are dangerous. （ C） Better energy sources are available during the period （ D） They are likely to threaten the lives of birds during their migration. 16 Which of the following is true about the immunity to HIV? （ A） It is partly resistance to the mutation. （ B） More Europeans have it
11、than the people on other continents. （ C） It is the result of outbreaks of the plague. （ D） It is a mutation that protects white blood cells. 17 Which of the following is responsible for 10% of preventable cancer? （ A） Smoking being persuaded by other ants, via a scent, to try the other pile; or tur
12、ning to the humans. People can stick with a previous decision, change their minds on their own accord, or be persuaded by the actions of others. That people are often influenced by others, the author says, goes a long way toward explaining why some inferior technologies squeeze out superior ones, li
13、ke VHS videocassette recorders upstaging Betamax VCRS, or why traders continue to buy currencies they know to be overvalued. Popularity breeds popularity. This may all seem obvious. But for economists, its a revelation. Standard economic theories nearly always assume that peoples behavior and tastes
14、 never change - which helps explain why most theories cant pass a reality check. In real life, chaos - in the form of human decision making - reigns. The ant model shows that accurate short-term predictions of ant behavior are impossible. But in long term, there is a pattern to the ants randomness.
15、And, Ormerod says, so it is with economics, too. Short-term governmental forecasts usually miss the mark. And the abilities of politicians to alter the cycles of business are“ largely illusory,“ he insists. But in the long term, there is some structure. The business cycle, with all its constant ebbi
16、ng and flowing, may be uncontrollable and defiant of near-term forecasts. But despite its fluctuations, capitalist economies have grown slowly and steadily over time. That means, he says, that policymakers should adopt a less-is-more approach. “The role of governments should be confined to trying to
17、 mitigate the consequences of a cycle rather than trying to eliminate it.“ Ormerods effort to persuade orthodox economists to take human behavior into account more often - regardless of its unpredictability - is a worthy goal. Still, its a bit dispiriting that his foraging ants, like Pavlvovs saliva
18、ting dogs, depict our behavior so accurately. 41 【正确答案】 Most economic forecasts are wrong. And governments usually fail when they try to fine-tune the economics in the short term. Thats not surprising, argues Paul Ormerod in his book Butterfly Economics, because few underlying economic theories and
19、models come anywhere near real life. Ormerod, an economist and director of the London Think Tank, has dumped on the blinkered world of mainstream economic thought before, in his book, The Death of Economics. This time, he argues that his colleagues with the dismal science should instead view “societ
20、y as a living creature, which adapts and learns.“ Ormerod calls Ns approach butterfly economics, in part to stress its link to biology. But it also reflects a principle advanced by chaos theorists that the fluttering of a butterflys wings can set off a tornado in another part of the globe. Modem eco
21、nomics, he says, are “complex systems which hover on the brink of chaos.“ But Ormerod could just as easily have titled it Ant Model Economics, because his theories derive from entomologists experiments with ants in the mid-1980s. Two equal-sized food sources were set equidistant from an ants nest. H
22、ow did the colony divide itself between the sources? As it turned out, the proportion of ants visiting one site or the other changed constantly. Sometimes changes were small. Other times, shifts were dramatic and swift. None was predictable. Why? Basically, a foraging ant has three choices: returnin
23、g to the food source it successfully visited before; being persuaded by other ants, via a scent, to try the other pile; or turning to the humans. People can stick with a previous decision, change their minds on their own accord, or be persuaded by the actions of others. That people are often influen
24、ced by others, the author says, goes a long way toward explaining why some inferior technologies squeeze out superior ones, like VHS videocassette recorders upstaging Betamax VCRS, or why traders continue to buy currencies they know to be overvalued. Popularity b reeds popularity. This may all seem
25、obvious. But for economists, its a revelation. Standard economic theories nearly always assume that peoples behavior and tastes never change - which helps explain why most theories cant pass a reality check. In real life, chaos - in the form of human decision-making - reigns. The ant model shows tha
26、t accurate short-term predictions of ant behavior are impossible. But in long term, there is a pattern to the ants randomness. And, Ormerod says, so it is with economics, too. Short-term governmental forecasts usually miss the mark. And the abilities of politicians to alter the cycles of business ar
27、e “largely illusory,“ he insists. But in the long term, there is some structure. The business cycle, with all its constant ebbing and flowing, may be uncontrollable and defiant of near-term forecasts. But despite its fluctuations, capitalist economies have grown slowly and steadily over time. That m
28、eans, he says, that policymakers should adopt a less-is-more approach. “The role of governments should be confined to trying to mitigate the consequences of a cycle rather than trying to eliminate it.“ Ormerods effort to persuade orthodox economists to take human behavior into account more often - r
29、egardless of its unpredictability - is a worthy goal. Still, its a bit dispiriting that his foraging ants, like Pavlvovs salivating dogs, depict our behavior so accurately. 【试题解析】 一、主干内容表达部分： 这部分内容为文章的主干内容，是综述的主要信息。 1 Most economic forecasts are wrong， because few underlying economic theories and mo
30、dels come anywhere near real life 分析 本句是文章首段的主要内容，提出本文讨论的核心问题，因此是全文框架性内容。 2 This time， he argues.should instead view“society as a living creature， which adapts and learns.”Ormerod calls his approach butterfly economics， in part to stress its link to biology 分析 本句提出本文讨论的主要理论，并点明具要点，因此是全文框架性内容。 3 Popu
31、larity breeds popularity. This may all seem obvious. But for economists，its a revelation. 分析 本句是在具体阐释本文提出的核心理论后得出的结论，也是文章重要观点，因此是全文框架性内容。 4 Short-term governmental forecasts usually miss the mark. But in the long term， there is some structure That means that policymakers should adopt a less-is-more
32、approach 分析 本句说明所讨论的理论对人类社会生活的指导意义，是本文讨论的重要内容，因此为全文框架性内容。 5 Ormerods effort to persuade orthodox economists to take human behavior into account more often regardless of its unpredictability is a worthy goal. 分析 本句位于全文最后一段，对全文讨论的重要理论作了概括性的评价，是文章必不可少的内容，因此是框架性内容。 二、支持性细节表达部分 这部分内容为主要点的重要支持性细节，是综述的次要点信
33、息。 1 Governments usually fail when they try to fine-tune the economics in the short term. 分析 本句就文章主题进一步发挥，明确了文章讨论的重点，因此是重要的支持性细节。 2 But it also reflects a principle advanced by chaos theorists that the fluttering of a butterflys wings can set off a tornado in another part of the globe 分析 本句是对本文涉及的核心
34、理论的进一步补充说明，因此是重要的支 持性细节。 3 His theories derive from entomologists experiments with ants in the mid-1980s. 分析 本句具体说明了蝴蝶理论的来源，将其与下面重点讨论的蚂蚁行为联系在一起，起到承上启下的作用，因此是重要的支持性细节。 4 People can stick with a previous decision， change their minds on their own accord， or be persuaded by the actions of others. 分析 本句将
35、蚂蚁行为运用到人类社会，说明了本文理论对人类社会的具体的实践意义，使全文观点更具有说服力，因此是重要的支持性细节。 5 That people are often influenced by others， the authors says， goes a long way toward explaining why some inferior technologies squeeze out superior ones. 分析 本句进一步解释说明人类 社会的经济行为，以例证形式支持了文章主要观点，因此是重要的支持性细节。 6 Standard economic theories nearly
36、 always assume that peoples behavior and tastes never change In real life， chaosin the form of human decision-makingreigns 分析 本句运用核心理论具体解释了一般的经济理论与人类社会的关系，与文章开始提出的问题相呼应，因此是重要的支持性细节 。 7 The ant model shows that accurate short-term predictions of ant behavior are impossible But in long term， there is
37、a pattern to the ants randomness. And，Ormerod says， so it is with economics, too. 分析 本句进一步扩展蚂蚁模式，为文章重要观点的提出奠定理论基础，因此是重要的支持性细节。 8 The business cycle， with all its constant ebbing and flowing， may be uncontrollable and defiant of near-term forecasts But despite its fluctuations，capitalist economies have grown slowly and steadily over time 分析 本句介绍了经济发展的一般规律，进一步证明了核心理论的价值，因此是重要的支持性细节。 9 The role of governments should be confined to trying to mitigate the consequences of a cycle rather than trying to eliminate it 分析 本句是对文章提出政府少介入社会经济活动的进一步解释和说明，补充完善了全文主要观点，因此是重要的支持性细节。
