1、口语练习试卷 20及答案与解析 一、 SECTION 2 MINI PRESENTATIONS (ABOUT 6 MIN) In this part of the test you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic. You have to choose one of the topics from the three below and then talk for about 1 minute. You have 1 minute to prepare your ideas. 1 Staff Training: the im
2、portance of developing appropriate skills among the workforce 2 Marketing: how to evaluate the effectiveness of a companys website. 3 Quality Control: the importance to a company of monitoring the quality of its goods and services 4 Information Management: how to ensure that information is managed e
3、ffectively within a company 5 Financial Planning: the factors involved in deciding on appropriate pricing strategies 6 Staff Relations: the importance of a company providing a range of facilities for all staff 7 Technology: the importance to a company of regularly upgrading its technological equipme
4、nt 8 Strategic Planning: the factors involved in managing change effectively within an organization 口语练习试卷 20答案与解析 一、 SECTION 2 MINI PRESENTATIONS (ABOUT 6 MIN) In this part of the test you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic. You have to choose one of the topics from the three below
5、and then talk for about 1 minute. You have 1 minute to prepare your ideas. 1 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a Skill-training is important in continuing management education. There are new techniques, new materials, new products, and new equipment being introduced and being used every day. A progressive e
6、ntrepreneur must actively seek information on change, both technical and social, and learn how to incorporate it in the businesss plans or deal with it effectively. This may mean independent study or attending classes so the entrepreneur can learn what is necessary to continue to operate with the be
7、st possible methods, materials, and machines available. b As Epictetus pointed out:“It is impossible for a man to learn what he thinks he already knows.”Developing appropriate skills among the workforce is crucial to management succession and business continuity. Employees usually have their time ma
8、naged for them by company regulations, but small business owner/managers and other employers must manage their own time. The opinion is widespread that success in small business requires long hours of hard work, and most owner/managers do put in long hours. Others, however, equally successful throug
9、h adroit time management, accomplish just as much and achieve the same results in more nearly normal working hours. c Skill training is very important. In some cases, learning more rapid ways to perform essential tasks may be indicated. In most cases, however, the owner/manager of a small business m
10、ust learn to set priorities, establish timesaving routines and policies, and delegate authority to employees. Small business owners and the corporate managers of large firms are expected to become involved in the political and social structures of the communities in which their businesses are locate
11、d. The owner/managers of small businesses, however, often find that for them the contribution of time and money can become a relatively heavy burden unless carefully controlled. d Change is a reality every owner/manager of a small business must face. To operate a business successfully he or she must
12、 not only have education, training, and/or experience in basic management and business skills, but also be adaptable to social and economic change. Adaptability to change often requires re-education, or a continuing form of management education. As with any other aspect of business planning, plans o
13、r provisions should be made for a line of succession to key jobs in management or for the continued operation of the business in the event of the owner/manager untimely death, incapacity, or retirement. While the need to plan for management succession exists in all businesses, the loss of leadership
14、 and management skill usually is much more damaging to a small business. 【试题解析】 incorporate包含，吸收，纳入，组成公司或社团。 time-saving省时的。 delegate authority to employees权限下放给雇员。 set priorities排出优先次序，分轻重缓急。 【知识模块】 口语 2 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a It can be difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of a companys Web
15、site. However, we need to be able to assess a companys website, if we want to improve companys website service. There are several criteria for measuring how good the websites are. To qualify for an effective website, a companys website must meet the criteria as follows. First, I think a good website
16、 needs to have a good database. With a good database, a website can provide quick and sufficient information. Based on information provided by the website, we can analyze past customer behavior to anticipate customers needs. b In addition to a good database, a good website need to have a good access
17、, thus allowing suppliers and customers controlled access to the data they need. A good website needs to have a great ability to offer goods and services to the consumers over the web. It can present goods effectively, take orders and invoice on line. This means improve margins for the business and
18、a faster, more responsive service for customers. A company can build, through effective website, its reputation on personal service and high quality products. c With a good database and website, a good website also needs to have a cost-effectiveness. To keep its high efficiency the website needs to
19、have a very low running costs. If we want to provide 24-hour website service/backup, and if we need to keep up-to-date with technical advances to tackle the potential systems failures (viruses), we will have to take on more expenses. So, we will have to take cost effective way of running website, so
20、 as to bring the best possible profits or advantages for the lowest possible costs. 【试题解析】 database数据库，资料库。 effectiveness实际效果，战斗力，有效力。 invoice开发票。 cost-effectiveness成本效率。 high efficiency高效，高效能。running cost日常费用，连续成本。 backup备份，后备。 【知识模块】 口语 3 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a “The purpose of the economy is
21、to satisfy the wants of people.” This is the phrase we all know. Consumers look for the best values for what they spend while producers seek the best price and profit for what they have to sell. If you want to make a profit, you should offer good quality of your goods and services. The high margins
22、may be in the executive suite, but the race for market share is in the hands of the consumer. If you give them defect, youll lose the consumers trust. If you lose their trust, youll lose your market, and finally youll end up losing profits. Therefore, it is imperative for the companies to strengthen
23、 quality control. All the products need to be tested for defects before they leave the factory. b For the present, however, the emphasis is on keeping the consumer from acts of folly. It stands to reason that consumers wont buy your products if they dont like them. Good managers view quality as a ch
24、allenge to the business life. For the corporate market, if they place it right, then, yes. Thats what a lot of the high-end vendors are actually trying to target right now. If you want to earn the consumer trust, principally you need to be truly objective and put the client above all. You must act i
25、n the clients best interest and bring them the best products and services. Therefore, production needs to be carefully monitored. In addition, the companies need to offer a two-year guarantee on all goods. c “Nothing happens until someone sells something.”To do your business well, first of all, you
26、should provide consumers with high quality goods. If you want to make high quality products, you have to execute quality control. Quality control is the practice of checking goods as they are produced to be sure that their quality is good enough. Monitoring quality of goods is very important. If you
27、 want to make profit, you should never try to fob off the faulty goods on clients. You should not fool the consumers. You cant fool them. If you do it, you are going to drop a stone on your own foot by not making a profit. Therefore, the company should be very tough on the product quality. 【试题解析】 mo
28、nitor faulty goods检测次品。 high-end vendor高端卖主，直销摊贩。 quality control质控，质量监控。 the emphasis is on keeping the consumer from acts of folly重点放在不使消费者吃亏上当上。 【知识模块】 口语 4 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a The management system is an integral part of that process. If we want to improve information management, we shou
29、ld classify information first. And information must clarify alternatives sufficiently to permit the choice of those courses that will guide the organization on a true course toward its goals. Quality performance in providing information depends on an effective balance of cost-benefit trade-offs simi
30、lar to those encountered in dealing with any other of the organizations resources. The choices involved in structuring a management information system cannot be left to the“expert” alone; the manager and the technician must share the challenge. b To ensure that information is managed effectively wit
31、hin a company, you need to know how to find information for management of change. And if you want to manage change effectively, a sales manager must first decide on the types of information that are needed. Then the sources of this information must be developed. In addition, we should pay great atte
32、ntion to the following: Firstly, we need to upgrade technological equipment regularly. Without advanced hardware, we cannot use advanced software. Secondly, we need to introduce advanced software. If we do not use advanced software, it is impossible to improve work efficiency. Thirdly, we need to ad
33、opt flexible working hours. If we adopt flexible working hours, the employees will have more freedom and choice of using the Internet. Of cause, we should reduce the companys operating costs. c If we want to manage information effectively within a company, we need to focus our mind on the things bel
34、ow: Firstly, we need to offer employees alternative work styles. Without a good alternative work styles, it is impossible to manage information effectively. Secondly, we need to develop the companys technology. If we dont develop companys technology, we will fall behind the others. Thirdly, we need
35、to have the company structure changed, because the existing structure is not adaptable in changing conditions. We must have the company department alized so as to let employees work in task-based teams. The corporation can be divided into separate companies. And the staff will become far more goal-o
36、riented. Finally, we need to make important changes in company culture. If we do it, the employees will demand more varied work, and the working atmosphere will be more co-operative. 【试题解析】 fall behind the others落后于人。 fall behind with the rent拖欠租金。 departmentalize把 分门别类。 cost benefit成本效益的。 trade-off
37、交易，交换，权衡。 【知识模块】 口语 5 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a In any single market three basic factors determine the boundaries of the pricing decision. The price floor, or minimum price, is bounded by product cost. The price ceiling, or maximum price, is bounded by competitive prices for comparable products an
38、d ability of customers to pay. Between the floor and ceiling for every product there is an optimum price, which is a function of the demand for the product and the cost of supplying the product. The international executive must develop a pricing system and pricing policies that address these fundame
39、ntal factors in each of the national markets in which his company operates. b In addition to developing a pricing system, the system must also be consistent with a number of uniquely international constraints. In addition to the diversity of national markets in all three basic dimensionscost, compet
40、ition, and demandthe international executive is also confronted by conflicting governmental tax policies and claims as well as government controls such as dumping legislation, resale price maintenance legislation, price ceilings and general review of price levels. Other factors affecting the interna
41、tional pricing decisions are the often surprisingly high international transportation costs, middlemen in elongated international channels of distribution, and multinational accounts demanding equal price treatment regardless of location. c Pricing decisions have a major impact on a number of societ
42、al groups: consumers, customers, employees, stockholders, the public interest, and, of course, the competition. These interest groups are affected by pricing decisions, which in turn constrain the international executive. A widespread effect of international business is to lower prices. Within the c
43、orporation there are many interest groups and frequently conflicting price objectives. The divisional vice-president is concerned about profitability at the divisional level. Regional executives are concerned about profitability at the country level. d The direction of international marketing seeks
44、competitive prices in world markets The controller and financial vice-president are concerned about profits. The manufacturing vice-president seeks long runs for maximum manufacturing efficiency. The tax manager is concerned about compliance with government transfer pricing legislation, and company
45、counsel is concerned about the antitrust implications of international pricing practices. With such a large number of divergent and often conflicting interests combined with the limitations of our existing measures of demand, it is premature to expect that we should be able to determine“optimal”pric
46、es in international marketing. A more feasible objective for the international executive is to formulate international pricing strategy and policy that will contribute rather than detract from company sales and profit objectives worldwide. 【试题解析】 constrain强迫，强制，束缚。 optimum price最适当价格。 dumping倾销。 ant
47、itrust反托拉斯。 divergent分歧的，分开的。 detract from贬低，减损。 premature早熟的，仓促的。 【知 识模块】 口语 6 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a Providing a range of facilities for all staff is important. Offices do not vary very widely. Office furniture tends to be similar-desks, chairs, filing cabinets, office equipment such as perso
48、nal computers or computer terminals on may desks. Firms have come more aware of how greatly the facilities of the workplace can influence the effectiveness of their employees. Modem business offices may be more spacious and better lit and heated than in the past. Why many companies are willing to pr
49、ovide a range of facilities for all staff?. It goes without saying that a range of facilities is helpful in improving staff relations and in fostering teamwork spirit. It is also favorable to boosting the morale of the staff. Consequently, it will end up increasing work efficiency. All in all, it will benefit both partiesthe employer and employees. b I think it is necessary for the companies to provide a range of facilities for their staff. Firstly, staff members are entitled to having necessary facilities. If they dont have necessary working c
