1、国家公共英语四级（综合）练习试卷 11及答案与解析 Part D Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. 0 During the early period of the earth s history, the weather on earth apparently fluctuated between b
2、right sun and showers. In recent times, however, the mountains and valleys on land and under water have had a great influence on the earth s weather. They effect the movements of the thin film of water we call the sea and the thin layer of air around the earth. These movements produce changes in the
3、 temperature and humidity prevailing at the surface. Although the sun is approximately 93 million miles away, its rays warm the earth. The areas that receive the sun s rays vertically are, naturally, warmer than those areas that receive only slanting raya. 【 B1】 Vertical rays do not need to make as
4、long a journey through the atmosphere before reaching the surface of the earth. Therefore, less of their heat is lost in the air and more of their heat is saved to warm the earth. Furthermore, slanting rays are spread over available at a given point. The sun s rays do not heat the vast stretches of
5、space between the sun and the earth. 【 B2】 If they did, we should expect to be warmer on top of a high mountain or riding in an airplane than we are on the ground. Actually, however, we feel cooler at the top of a mountain; and, if we fly a plane high enough, we encounter freezing temperatures, even
6、 over the equator. This is true because the sun s rays are like the waves used in radio broadcasting. Music sent out by a radio transmitter does not fill the air with sounds for all to hear. Instead, the music travels in the form of electromagnetic waves, which must pass through a receiver and an am
7、plifier to be heard. 【 B3】 Similarly, the sun s rays cross our atmosphere and are absorbed by the surface of the earth. These rays warm the surface, which sends back some of this heat into the air. When the air near the earth s surface has been warmed, it rises and is replaced by cooler air which co
8、mes down to take its place. This cool air, in turn, is warmed and rises to be replaced by more cool air. As air rises it becomes cooler because it expands and is less concentrated, the air is suddenly let out of a tire, the air expands rapidly and becomes much cooler. On the other hand, when air is
9、put under greater pressure, it becomes warmer. This is what happens to the cold air that comes down to take the place of rising warm air. The earth is much cooler than the sun, and the wave length of the earth s radiations is much longer than that of sun rays. 【 B4】 These longer heat waves cannot pa
10、ss through the atmosphere as easily as the short waves coming from the sun. 【 B5】Similarly, radio stations that transmit programs to distant countries broadcast in short waves, which can travel all round the world. Stations that broadcast local programs send out longer waves, which can be received m
11、ore easily, but only in a limited area. 一、 Section IV Writing (35 minutes) 6 Like the other parts of China, Tianjin has made rapid progress after liberation, yet some say that Tianjin has not seen much improvement. Write an essay to the newspaper to express your idea by: 1) criticizing their stand;
12、2) justifying your stand. Try to use the information provided in the graphs below. You should write 160-200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. 国家公共英语四级（综合）练习试卷 11答案与解析 Part D Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be writt
13、en clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. 【知识模块】 Geography 1 【正确答案】 垂直光线在抵达地表之前无需长途跋涉地穿过大气层。 【知识模块】 Geography 2 【正确答案】 如果它们能 (加热 )，那么我们就会觉得在山顶上或者在飞行的飞机中比在地面上更暖和了。 【知识模块】 Geography 3 【正确答案】 同样，太阳光穿过我 们的大气层后被地面吸收。 【知识模块】 Geography 4 【正确答案】 这些较长热波，就不如太阳发出的短波那样容易穿过大气层了。 【知识模块】 Geography 5 【正确答案】 同样，电台是用短波将节目输送到遥远的国
14、家，而这些短波能够到达世界各地。 【知识模块】 Geography 一、 Section IV Writing (35 minutes) 6 【正确答案】 Tianjin-On the Way to Strength Like the other parts of China, Tianjin has made tremendous progress in its social and economic development. This can be proved by the increase in berths and capacity of its seaport. From the
15、statistics starting from 1952 to 1989, we can see that the seaport berths and the volume of cargo handled at the port grew greatly. In 1952, it had only 22 berths, and the volume of cargo handled was 740,000 tons. By 1978, though the berths only increased to 27, its seaport capacity rose to 11,310,0
16、00 tons, nearly double the previous volume. The latest twenty years between 1978 and 1998 saw the quickest development in both berths and port capacity. Thanks to the opening up policy, the port gains a new vitality. Up until 1998, the berths had increased to 76, and the capacity grew to 68,180,000
17、tons. The port is gaining its strength in serving the economical development of the society. The advancement of the port is only one of the achievements that Tianjin has made since the establishments of the People s Republic of China, especially since the opening up and reform policy. 【知识模块】 Geography
