1、国家公共英语四级（综合）练习试卷 1及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice
2、. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 _ make it possible for astronauts to reach the moon. 2 Rockets were first used in war in _ . 3 _ discovered liquid fuel as a fuel for rockets. 4 The first liquid-fuelled rocket can fly _ . 5 The passage is mainly about _ . PART B Directions: For Q
3、uestions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 What have people who listened to the radio regularly ever experienced? 7 What is impressive about the charact
4、eristic of digital radio? 8 When will digital radio be available? 9 Where will digital radio first appear? 10 What is the speaker s attitude towards digital radio? PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of th
5、e questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 According to the author, which of the following is NOT an achievement of the 20th ce
6、ntury science? （ A） Nuclear power. （ B） Strong computers. （ C） Nuclear weapons. （ D） Conquering cancer. 12 The word “seminal“ in the first paragraph means “ _ “. （ A） living in a strange world （ B） functioning as a seed （ C） strong as plant （ D） genetic transmutation 13 The word “vanquish“ in the se
7、cond paragraph means _ . （ A） vanish （ B） destroy （ C） overcome （ D） ruin 14 A spear or a robot has the quality of technology only when it _ . （ A） is used both as a cultural and a physical object （ B） serves different purposes equally well （ C） is utilized by man （ D） can be of use to both man and
8、animal 15 The examples of the Challenger and Chernobyl cited by the author serve to show that _ . （ A） if not given close examination, technology could be use to destroy our world （ B） technology is a human creation, so we are responsible for it （ C） technology usually goes wrong, if not controlled
9、by man （ D） being a human creation, technology is liable to error 16 According to the author, the introduction of the computer is a revolution mainly because _ . （ A） the computer has revolutionized the working of the human mind （ B） the computer can do the tasks that could only be done by people be
10、fore （ C） it has helped to switch to an information technology （ D） it has a great potential impact on society 17 Which of the following is within the capacity of the artificial nose being developed? （ A） Performing physical examinations. （ B） Locating places which attract terrorists. （ C） Detecting
11、 drugs and water contamination. （ D） Monitoring food processing. 18 A potential problem which might be caused by the use of an artificial nose is _ . （ A） negligence of public safety （ B） an abuse of personal freedom （ C） a hazard to physical health （ D） a threat to individual privacy 19 The word “l
12、ogged“ most probably means “ _ “. （ A） preset （ B） entered （ C） processed （ D） simulated 20 To produce artificial noses for practical use, it is essential _ . （ A） to develop microchips with thousands of odor receptors （ B） to invent chips sensitive to various chemicals （ C） to design a computer pro
13、gram to sort out smells （ D） to find chemicals that can alter the electrical current passing through 国家公共英语四级（综合）练习试卷 1答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been
14、given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 【听力原文】 The astronauts could not have reached the moon without the invention of rockets. We live in the age of rockets, but do you know that rockets
15、 are not a modern invention? For centuries, rockets were used to entertain people. The Chinese used rockets for fireworks. In the 13th century, rockets were first used in war. The Mongols used rockets to attack a Chinese city in 1232. These early rockets could not travel very far. However, in 1885 a
16、 Russian scientist discovered a better fuel for rockets. This liquid fuel gave rockets much more power. Then in 1919 a new age of rockets began. In that year an American scientist, Robert Goddard, said that it was possible to send a rocket to the moon! Goddard launched his first liquid-fuelled rocke
17、t in 1923. It flew 184 feet. Almost 12 years later, he sent a rocket 7,500 feet into the air in 1935. Russian rockets sent the first satellite into orbit in 1957. Just 12 years later the first man walked on the moon-thanks to rockets! Where will rockets take us next? 1 【正确答案】 Rockets 【知识模块】 Science
18、and Technology 2 【正确答案】 1232 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 3 【正确答案】 A Russian scientist 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 4 【正确答案】 184 feet 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 5 【正确答案】 The Development of Rockets 【 知识模块】 Science and Technology PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use
19、 not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 【听力原文】 Anyone who listens to the radio regularly, AM, FM and short-wave, has experienced the annoyance of signal distortion. Technical types call the re
20、ception problem “multipathing“. What it means is that, on their way from transmitters to your home or car, the radio waves sometimes get sidetracked by tall buildings, tunnels, passing trains or your whirling hair dryer. In five years or so, there will be still passing trains and hair dryer-but radi
21、o interference could well be a memory. Digital radio is coming, and it promises to bring to future listeners distortion-free music that matches the quality of compact discs. Supporters of the technology say the sound will be so clean that people will record songs and programs directly off their home
22、 receivers. Digital radio wont lie available until 1995 or 1996, at the earliest. When it does arrive, perhaps first in Canada, it could help radio stations in advanced countries compete with CDs, digital cassettes and emerging digital cable service. Its impact in developing regions such as Africa a
23、nd the Caribbean, where radio coverage is spotty and programming insufficient, could be even bigger. In those places, digital radio developed by satellites could bring the world to scattered listeners. 6 【正确答案】 The annoyance of signal distortion 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 7 【正确答案】 It has no disto
24、rtions 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 8 【正确答案】 In 1995 or 1996 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 9 【正确答案】 Perhaps first in Canada 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 10 【正确答案】 He s sure of it/He is optimistic 【知识模块】 Science and Technology PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before l
25、istening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 【听力原文】 Bidding farew
26、ell to the century of physics, the one in which we split the atom and turned silicon into computing power. It s time to ring in the century of biotechnology. Just as the discovery of the electron in 1897 was a seminal event for the 20th century, the seeds for the 21st century were spawned in 1953, w
27、hen James Watson blurted out to Francis Crick that four nucleic acids could pair to form the self-copying code of a DNA molecule. Now we re just a few years away from one of the most important breakthroughs of all time: deciphering the human genome, the 100,000 genes encoded by 3 billion chemical pa
28、irs in our DNA. Before this century, medicine consisted mainly of amputation saws, morphine and crude remedies that were about as effective as bloodletting. The flu epidemic of 1918 killed as many people (more than 20 million) in just a few months as perished in four years of World War I. Since then
29、, antibiotics have allowed us to vanquish entire classes of diseases. As a result, life expectancy in the U. S. jumped from about 47 years at the beginning of the century to 76 now. But 20th century medicine did little to increase the natural life-span of healthy humans. The next medical revolution
30、will change that. Because genetic engineering has the potential to conquer cancer, grow new blood vessels in the heart, block the growth of blood vessels in tumors, create new organs from cells and perhaps even reset the primeval genetic coding that cause cells to age. Our children may be able (I ho
31、pe, I fear) to choose their kids traits: to select their gender and eye color perhaps to linker with their IQs, personalities and athletic abilities. They could clone themselves, or one of their kids, or a celebrity they admire, or maybe even us after we ve died. 11 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 Science and Techn
32、ology 12 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 13 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 14 【听力原文】 To live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahrendorf s assertion that social change exists everywhere. Technology, the application of knowledge for practical ends, is a major s
33、ource of social change. Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is a human creation; it does not exist naturally. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object. Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a sol
34、id mass of matter. For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russia nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology; they provide cases in which well-planned syst
35、ems suddenly went haywire and there was no ready hand to set them right. Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for what is done with it. Pessimists worry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces. But they have been saying this for decade
36、s, and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish. Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain. Clearly, the impact of technology on our lives deserves a closer examination. Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the computer re
37、volution. Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do. There are those who assert that the switch to an information-based economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones, particularly the Industrial Revolution. Yet
38、 when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The primary reason why it was a revolutionary is that it led to great social change. It gave rise to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not confined to the f
39、ew. In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the structure of American life, particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in knowledge and communication. The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical
40、methods. The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by electrons that represent its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society. 14 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 15 【正确答案】 B 【知识
41、模块】 Science and Technology 16 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 17 【听力原文 】 There s simple premise behind what Larry Myers does for a living: If you can smell it, you can find it. Myers is the founder of Auburn University s Institute for Biological Detection System, the main task of which is to
42、chase the ultimate in detection devices-an artificial nose. For now, the subject of their research is little more than a stack of gleaming chips tucked away in a laboratory drawer. But soon, such a tool could be hanging from the belts of police, arson investigators and food-safety inspectors. The te
43、chnology that they are working on would suggest quite reasonably that, within three to five years, we ll have some workable sensors ready to use. Such devices might find wide use in places that attract terrorists. Police could detect drugs, bodies and bombs hidden in cars, while food inspectors coul
44、d easily test food and water for contamination. The implications for revolutionary advances in public safety and the food industry are astonishing. But so, too, are the possibilities for abuse: Such machines could determine whether a woman is ovulating, without a physical exam-or even her knowledge.
45、 One of the traditional protectors of American liberty is that it has been impossible to search everyone. That s getting not to be the case. Artificial biosensors created at Auburn work totally differently from anything ever seen before. Aroma Scan, for example, is a desktop machine based on a bank
46、of chips sensitive to specific chemicals that evaporate into the air. As air is sucked into the machine, chemicals pass over the sensor surfaces and produce changes in the electrical current flowing through them. Those current changes are logged into a computer that sorts out odors based on their el
47、ectrical signatures. Myers says they expect to load a single fingernail-size chip with thousands of odor receptors, enough to create a sensor that s nearly as sensitive as a dog s nose. 17 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 18 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 19 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 Science and Technology 20 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 Science and Technology
