1、国家公共英语四级（综合）练习试卷 36及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twic
2、e. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 America enjoyed an _ in the 1920s. 2 The new electrical appliances coming on the market included radios, refrigerators, _ and the like. 3 The _ and the farmers did not prosper in the 1920s. 4 A great crash of _ occurred in 192 5 Franklin D. Roose
3、velts program was called _. PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 What is the marketing concept discussed in the passage? 7
4、 What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted? 8 On the other hand, what does marketing focus on? 9 What are the two sides to every business transaction? 10 Through which is the surest route to profit? PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues o
5、r monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 1
6、1 In the market-oriented economic system, _. （ A） consumers spend their money at will （ B） consumers spend their money in accordance with producers desire （ C） consumers actions in the marketplace have nothing to do with the businessmen （ D） consumers actions affect production greatly 12 How does pr
7、ice system in the American economic system work? （ A） It only regulates the relative demands of consumers. （ B） It only influences the supplies of seller-producers. （ C） It regulates the relative demands of consumers and suppliers offered by seller-producers. （ D） Price doesnt rise or fall. 13 What
8、is the passage mainly about? （ A） American consumers. （ B） American seller-producers. （ C） American economic system. （ D） American price system. 14 Almost all companies involved in new production and development must _. （ A） rely on their own financial resources （ B） persuade the banks to provide lo
9、ng-term finance （ C） borrow large sums of money from friends and people they know （ D） depend on the population as a whole for finance 15 The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is _. （ A） repaid to its original owners as soon as possible （ B） raised by the selling of
10、 shares in the companies （ C） exchanged for part ownership in The Stock Exchange （ D） invested in different companies on The Stock Exchange 16 When the savers want their money back, they _. （ A） ask another company to obtain their money for them （ B） look for other people to borrow money from （ C） p
11、ut their shares in the company back on the market （ D） transfer their money to more successful company 17 From the passage we can see, the author is quite _ with the prospect of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation forum. （ A） optimistic （ B） pessimistic （ C） excited （ D） puzzled 18 The author give
12、s a detailed description of the preparation of a feast, in order to _. （ A） show the hospitality of the host （ B） suggest the promising prospect of the forum （ C） set a contrast between the friendly atmosphere and the dim prospect of the forum （ D） celebrate New Zealands survival of the financial tu
13、rmoil 19 Which information is INCORRECT about APEC? （ A） It was founded when Asian economy is in blossom. （ B） It makes decisions according to the wish of most member countries. （ C） It aims at free trade and investment. （ D） New Zealand is one of its member countries. 20 Why does Charles E. Morriso
14、n say APEC “is not an organization really structured for action “? （ A） Because all member countries have to follow its decisions. （ B） Because its member countries can easily break their promises at the forum without taking any responsibility. （ C） Because it concentrates on ideological problems. （
15、 D） Because too many countries are in the organization. 国家公共英语四级（综合）练习试卷 36答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word
16、 in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 【听力原文】 America enjoyed a great economic boom during the 1920s. This was fueled by rapid highway construction, automobile manufacturing, and the new electrical appliances coming on the market
17、such as radios, refrigerators, vacuum cleaners and the like. Not every one enjoyed the prosperity. There was technical unemployment, and the farmers suffered from overproduction and excessive debt. Nevertheless, the stock market climbed to a dizzy height for investors who believed that there would b
18、e no tomorrow. A great crash of the stock market occurred in 1929. This was only one element in a national and international economic depression of massive proportions. Exports fell, manufacturing declined, agricultural surpluses mounted, and unemployment spiraled upward. The depression alarmed the
19、national government but President Herbert Hoover opposed subsidizing the unemployed. Change came with the election in 1932 of President D. Roosevelt and his program called the New Deal. There was immediate government intervention into the economy to aid business and put men to work. American reactio
20、naries felt that Mr. Roosevelt was instituting communism, his friends replied that he was rejuvenating capitalism. Prosperity didnt return to America until the nation began to rearm for the coming war. Thus the New Deal didnt end the depression but it ameliorated the hardships for many and it ended
21、the national governments attitude that it could not concern itself with the well-being of the common man. 1 【正确答案】 economic boom 【知识模块】 Economy 2 【正确答案】 vacuum cleaners 【知识模块】 Economy 3 【正确答案】 technical unemployment 【知识模块】 Economy 4 【正确答案】 the stock market 【知识模块】 Economy 5 【正确答案】 the New Deal 【知识模块】
22、 Economy PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 【听力原文】 To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understa
23、nd the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship“ to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the selle
24、r to produce goods and then convert them into money. Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing c
25、oncept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase. This concept does not imply that business is benevolent or
26、that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction-the firm and the customer-and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through
27、understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of th
28、e Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new King Customer ruled! 6 【正确答案】 The eye-on-the-customer approach 【知识模块】 Economy 7 【正确答案】 The efficient production of goods 【知识模块】 Economy 8 【正确答案】 The wants of consumers 【知识模块】 Economy 9 【正确答案】 The firm and the customer 【知识模块】 Economy 10 【正确答案】
29、 Understanding and catering to customers 【知识模块】 Economy PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listen
30、ing, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 【听力原文】 The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their mo
31、ney in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and service
32、s are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
33、 An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and
34、 supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply of
35、fered by seller. Price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system. The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources ( private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and pro
36、duce goods and services for sale at a profit, In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.
37、11 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 Economy 12 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 Economy 13 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 Economy 14 【听力原文】 Large companies need a way to reach the saving of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be lit
38、tle prospect of raising the Sort of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or
39、 take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through The Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation the saving of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas. When the saver needs his mon
40、ey back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money. Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local autho
41、rities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The government, local authoritie
42、s, and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to The Stock Exchange. There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise
43、money to finance new development. In one way or another this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance. 14 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 Economy 15 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 Economy 16 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 Econ
44、omy 17 【听力原文】 In New Zealand, where sheep outnumber people 15 to one, folks know how to party. This weekends bash promises to be the biggest in long while. Five top chefs have been dispatched across the fjords and through the forests to find the best ingredients for a massive feast. A renowned glass
45、maker-who sometimes crafts custom windshields for Ferraris and lamps for Arabian palaces-has created 450 dessert plates just for the occasion. Maori tribesmen will dance. But even so, this feast could flop. Thats because the annual summit of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation forum rarely generat
46、es much excitement. APEC was founded in 1989, when Asia was a place of miracles, but much has changed in the decade since. Japans stock market is still worth less than half its peak at the end of 1989, and much of the rest of the region is still trying to recover from the financial turmoil that bega
47、n in the summer of 1997. Even now, with the South Korean and Thai economies expected to grow this year and Japans economy showing signs of life, the International Monetary Fund warns that Asias recovery is “precarious“. Youd think that the Asian crisis might have given APEC a sense of mission. But t
48、hink again. The leaders are likely to avoid ideological lectures redevelopment that have stirred East-West tensions at previous meetings. MIT economist Paul Krugman recently declared APEC “an empty shell“, and even APECs own Business Advisory Council delivered a harsh assessment just last month. “AP
49、EC has at times lost sight of its own goals,“ the business executives charged, noting that member countries had been sluggish in pursuing free trade and investment. On specific, substantive issues-like liberalization of sectors including food and autos-APEC has foisted responsibility on the WTO. Thats partly because the WTO makes binding decisions on trade issues, while APEC “is not an organization really structured for action, says Charles E. Morrison, president of the East-West Center in Hawaii. Unlike th
