1、在职攻硕英语联考（阅读）模拟试卷 25及答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your an
2、swer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 0 Many small towns have experienced new population growth from the cities. These newcomers to rural America bring “big city“ demands that small towns cannot afford. The following cases describe some typical towns: Retired city people mo
3、ving to Kimberling City often see wildlife close to their homes. Kelly and Bette Edgington, for example, see deer on their property. Also, they have identified more than one hundred kinds of birds around their comfortable home in the small, but fast-growing retirement town in the Ozark Mountains. Ye
4、t most of the retired people heading for beautiful rural places like this one enjoy being close to some of the convenience and activities of the cities. Kimberling has a small shopping center, a country club and a golf course. It is less than twenty miles from the School of the Ozarks, which has cul
5、tural events. Kimberling City had only about 600 people in 1970 but has nearly doubled since then. A local planning official estimates the towns population will reach 4 000 by the end of the 20th century. The newcomers are demanding more paved roads, says Mrs. Edgington, the $ 50-a-month mayor. A ce
6、ntral sewer system is needed. These services require more money, but the town does not receive enough money from taxes. Even though industries could help provide taxes to pay for these services, the town is not seeking industries. Residents do not want industries and the traffic they bring. Most res
7、idents came to get away from the cities, and now they find the town has changed. “I came here to get away from Kansas City,“ says retired James Mitchell. “This was really rural when I came. Now its getting crowded. “ 1 From the passage we know that residents living in the small town now_. （ A） are s
8、atisfied with their present situation （ B） regret their coming （ C） are to leave （ D） have complaints 2 The passage says that most retired people_. （ A） come to rural places to see wildlife （ B） like to come to rural places to pay tax （ C） prefer rural life with modern convenience （ D） enjoy true ru
9、ral life 3 The present population of Kimberling City is probably_. （ A） 600 （ B） 1 200 （ C） 1 800 （ D） 4 000 4 Kimberling would have enough money for the required services if_. （ A） it were able to afford the convenience of big city life （ B） its mayor had more income a month （ C） it had more reside
10、nts （ D） it had more industries 5 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） Big cities and small towns have the same level of public service. （ B） Most American retired people cannot: afford city demands. （ C） Kimberling is as rural as it was twenty years ago. （ D） Industry development is beyo
11、nd the towns plan. 5 Lateral thinking (横向思维 )， first described by Edward de Bono in 1967, is just a few years older than Edwards son. You might imagine that Caspar was raised to be an adventurous thinker, but the de Bono name was so famous, Caspars parents worried that any time he would say somethin
12、g bright at school, his teachers might snap (不耐烦地说 ), “Where do you get that idea from?“ “We had to be careful and not overdo it,“ Edward admits. Now Caspar is at Oxfordwhich once looked unlikely because he is also slightly dyslexic (诵读困难 ). In fact, when he was applying to Oxford, none of his schoo
13、l teachers thought he had a chance. “So then we did several thinking sessions,“ his father says, “using my techniques and, when he went up for the exam, he did extremely well. “ Soon after, Edward de Bono decided to write his latest book, Teach Your Child How to Think, in which he transforms the thi
14、nking skills he developed for brainstorming businessmen into informal exercises for parents and children to share. Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence, and everybody knows that children arent very logical. So isnt it an uphill battle, trying to teach them t
15、o think? “You know,“ Edward de Bono says, “if you examine peoples thinking, it is quite unusual to find faults of logic. But the faults of perception are huge! Often we think ineffectively because we take too limited a view. “ Teach Your Child How to Think offers lessons in perception improvement, o
16、f clearly seeing the implications of something you are saying and of exploring the alternatives. 6 What is true about Caspar? （ A） He is Edwards son. （ B） He is an adventurous thinker. （ C） He first described lateral thinking. （ D） He is often scolded by his teacher. 7 Caspar succeeded in applying t
17、o Oxford because_. （ A） he was careful and often overworked （ B） all of his school teachers thought he had a chance （ C） he used in the exam the techniques provided by his father （ D） he read the book Teach Your Child How to Think before the exam 8 It can be inferred from Para. 2 that Edward_. （ A）
18、was likely to improve childrens logic with his book （ B） gave a description of lateral thinking several years after his son was born （ C） was prompted to study lateral thinking because his son was slightly dyslexic （ D） once taught businessmen how to think before he wrote for parents and children 9
19、According to Para. 3, which of the following statements expresses Edward de Bonos view? （ A） Everybody knows that children arent very logical. （ B） It is an uphill battle trying to teach children to think. （ C） We often think ineffectively because we take too limited a view. （ D） Thinking is traditi
20、onally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence. 10 Lateral thinking refers to the following EXCEPT_. （ A） improving ones logic in thinking （ B） improving ones perception in thinking （ C） seeing the implications of what you are saying （ D） exploring the alternatives for what you are sayi
21、ng 10 The idea of a fish being able to generate electricity strong enough to light lamp bulbs or even to run a small electric motor is almost unbelievable, but several kinds of fish are able to do this. Even more strangely, this curious power has been acquired in different ways by fish belonging to
22、very different families. Perhaps the best known are the electric rays (鳐鱼 )， or torpedoes (水雷鱼 )， of which several kinds live in warm seas. They possess on each side of the head, behind the eyes, a large organ consisting of a number of cells which contain a series of flat electric plates. One side,
23、the negative side, of each plate, is supplied with very fine nerves, connected with a main nerve coming from a special part of the brain. Current passes from the upper, positive side of the organ downwards to the negative, lower side. Generally it is necessary to touch the fish in two places, comple
24、ting the circuit, in order to receive a shock. Another famous example is the electric eel (鳗鱼 ).This fish gives an even more powerful shock. The system is different from that of the torpedo in that the electric plates run along the length of its body and are supplied with nerves from the spinal cord
25、 (脊髓 ). Consequently, the current passes along the fish from head to tail. The electric organs of these fish are really altered muscles and like all muscles, they tend to tire easily, so they are not able to produce electricity for very long. The power of producing electricity may serve these fish b
26、oth for defense and attack. If a large enemy attacks, the shock will drive it away; but it appears that the electric eel uses its current most often against smaller fish. 11 The most powerful electric fish produces enough electricity to_. （ A） light a large electric motor （ B） kill a marine animal （
27、 C） drive a small electric motor （ D） kill a large fish 12 Electric rays are likely to be_. （ A） near the North Pole （ B） in warm waters （ C） near the South Pole （ D） both A and B 13 Usually you will not get a shock until you touch_. （ A） a torpedo in one place （ B） the water nearby it （ C） its main
28、 nerve connected with fine nerves （ D） a torpedo in two places 14 The electric plates on the electric eel_. （ A） run along the length of its body （ B） are found on sides of its head （ C） are located in its head （ D） are in its tail 15 The purpose of the shock produced by electric fish is to_. （ A） p
29、rotect themselves from being attacked （ B） light up nearby waters （ C） attack other fish or marine animals （ D） both A and C 15 Life near the shore everywhere is affected by the tides, which come and go twice each day in a cycle of about twelve-and-a-half hours just different enough from the daily c
30、ycle of the sun so that there can be no regular relationship between the shore being alternately wet and dry and alternately light and dark. The extent of the tides varies greatly, from as little as one foot in inland seas like the Mediterranean, to fifty feet or so in the Bay of Fundy in Nova Scoti
31、a. In some parts of the world, one of the two daily tides rises higher and falls lower than the other; and tides at the time of new moon and full moon are generally greater than at other times. The extent of the intertidal zone thus varies from day to day as well as from place to place. The kinds of
32、 organisms living in the region between the tidal limits depend very much on whether the shore is rocky, sandy, or muddy. Rocky shores have the most obviously rich faunas (某地区所有的动物 )， because of the firm anchorage for both animals and plants, and because of the small pools left by the retreating sea
33、s. Sandy shores, especially when exposed to surf (as they usually are), have the fewest kinds of animals. 16 Which of the following factors does not affect the extent of the tides? （ A） The composition of the shore soil. （ B） The moon. （ C） Time. （ D） Place. 17 The time span between tides_. （ A） is
34、shorter in inland seas （ B） varies as much as the extent of the tides （ C） and the extent of tides depend upon each other （ D） is a more constant phenomenon than the extent of the tides 18 The two tides in a given day_. （ A） never vary in extent （ B） may vary in extent （ C） only vary in extent at th
35、e time of a new moon or a full moon （ D） always vary in extent 19 The composition of the intertidal soil affects_. （ A） the level of pollution in that area （ B） the nature of tides （ C） the temperature of the water in that area （ D） the number of animals and plants living in that area 20 The smalles
36、t tides occur in_. （ A） bays （ B） open seas （ C） inland seas （ D） deeper seas 20 Moods, say the experts, are emotions that tend to become fixed, influencing ones outlook for hours, days or even weeks. Thats great if your mood is a pleasant one, but a problem if you are sad, anxious, angry or simply
37、lonely. Perhaps the best way to deal with such moods is to talk them out; sometimes, though, there is no one to listen. Modern pharmacology (药理学 ) offers an abundance of tranquilizers (镇静 剂 ), antidepressants and anti-anxiety drugs. What many people dont realize, however, is that scientists have dis
38、covered the effectiveness of several non-drug approaches to make you loose from an unwanted mood. These can be just as useful as drugs, and have the added benefit of being nonpoisonous. So next time you feel out of sorts, dont head for the drug-store try the following approach. Of all the mood-alter
39、ing self-help techniques, aerobic (增氧 ) exercise seems to be the most efficient cure for a bad mood. “If you could keep the exercise, youd be in high spirits,“ says Kathryn Lance, author of Running for Health and Beauty. Researchers have explained biochemical and various other changes that make exer
40、cise, compare favorably to drugs as a mood-raiser. Physical exertion (努力 ) such as housework, however, does little. The key is aerobic exercise running, cycling, walking, swimming or other repetitive and sustained activities that boost the heart rate, increase circulation and improve the bodys utili
41、zation of oxygen. Do them for at least 20 minutes a session three to five times a week. 21 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） How to defeat a bad mood. （ B） How to do physical exercises. （ C） How to talk bad moods out. （ D） How to become involved in aerobic exercise. 22 We can infer from the pas
42、sage that_. （ A） the best way to overcome a bad mood is to talk to oneself （ B） when one is in a bad mood, he or she will not work properly （ C） some drugs are more effective than physical exercises （ D） all exercises are not mood-raisers 23 “Feel out of sorts“, as it is used in the second paragraph
43、, could best be replaced by_. （ A） put things in order （ B） are in a bad mood （ C） search for tranquilizers （ D） want a mood-raiser 24 According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Some scientists have provided people with many tranquilizers. （ B） Aerobic exercise can
44、 help people better use oxygen. （ C） Swimming, walking or running is an efficient cure for a bad mood. （ D） Moods can have an influence on peoples emotions. 25 Which of the following can best describe the organization of this passage? （ A） A procedure is explained and its significance is emphasized.
45、 （ B） A problem is examined and solutions are given. （ C） Two contrasting views of a problem are presented. （ D） Recent pharmacological advancements are outlined in order of importance. 在职攻硕英语联考（阅读）模拟试卷 25答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passage
46、s in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题问从文章中我们知道住在小城镇里的居民怎样。
47、根据文章第一段和最后一段的内容，许多小城镇都经历了由于城市人口的迁入而使新人口增加并进而带来了小城镇所负担不起的需求。居民们不想要这些工业企业以及它们所带来的车辆。大多数人本来是为了离开城市，但现在他们发现这些小镇已经变了样。退休的詹姆斯 米切尔说： “我来这里是为了离开堪萨斯城，我来时这里是真正的乡下，但是，现在这里也变成了闹 市。 ”因此，本题的正确答案应是 D“也有怨言 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题是一道具体细节题。问文章指出大多数退休的人怎样。利用查阅式阅读法，我们可在文章的第二段中找到相关信息。这段指出，迁居到吉姆柏林市的城市退休居民经常在他们的
48、住宅附近遇到野生动物。就金凯利和贝蒂 艾京顿来说，他们就在地里见到了鹿，另外，在奥扎克山区这个小小的、快速扩建中的退休居民小镇，人们在舒适的院落附近就见到了 100多种鸟类，然而大多数退休人员往类似这样美丽的乡下搬迁，却同时享受着接近大 城市的一些便利生活条件和活动。因此，本题的正确答案应是 C“既喜欢乡村生活又想要现代生活的便利条件 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题是一道具体细节题。问现在这个吉姆柏林镇有多少人口。利用查阅式阅读法，文章第三段第三句话指出，该市在 1970年只有大约 600人，但现在人口几乎已翻了一番，据当地一位计划官员估计，到 20世纪末，
49、该市的人口将达到 4 000人。因此，本题的正确答案应是 B“6002=1 200(人 )”。 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题问如果吉姆柏林镇怎样做就可以有足够的钱来建设需要的服务设施。文章第四段指出，每月拿 50美元薪水的镇长 艾京顿太太说，新迁来的居民们要求修建更多平坦的道路，另外，还需要修建一套集中排水系统，这些服务设施需要更多的钱，该镇的税收拿不出这些钱。尽管工业企业可以提供一些税收来负担这些设施的费用，但该市并不打算发展工业。因此，本题的正确答案应是 D“发展更多的工业 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题是一道判断是非题。问下面哪个选项是正确的。针对四个 选项所给的内容，利用查阅式阅读法，结合原文相关内容，我们可以推测出本题的正确答案应是 D“这个小城镇的发展计划中不包括工业的发展 ”。参见第四段最后一句话。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题是一道具体细节题。问关于卡斯帕下面哪个选项是真实的。文章第一段指
