1、在职攻硕英语联考（阅读）模拟试卷 30及答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your an
2、swer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 0 In some ways the employment interview is like a persuasive speech because the applicant (interviewee) seeks to persuade the employer (interviewer) to employ him or her. Several suggestions might prove helpful to the applicant as prepa
3、ration is made for the actual interview. A job applicant has the responsibility for ascertaining certain types of information prior to the interview. First, the applicant should know what kind of job he wants and how that job relates to his career objective. It is important that the applicant be abl
4、e to state his reasons for wishing to work for a particular company. Second, the applicant should seek as much information as possible concerning the company. Relevant information for the applicant to locate includes such items as the location of the home and regional offices, the financial status o
5、f the company, plans for expansion, and company philosophy. Information about most major corporations is available in reference books and periodicals. After gathering information concerning the company, the applicant is ready for the interview. The interviewers first impression comes from the interv
6、iewees appearance. For most interviews, appropriate dress for man is a conservative (保守的 ) dark colored suit with a long sleeve white or light blue shirt and conservative tie. For women a conservative, tailored suit or dress is appropriate. Both men and women should have neat, conservative length ha
7、ir. Although hairstyle and dress are matters of personal taste, many personnel directors form initial impressions from these characteristics. For example, one recent college graduate, who felt himself qualified, interviewed for a public relations job. However, the personnel manager considered this y
8、oung mans long hair, sloppy dress, and overly casual manner unsuited for this particular position. 1 For whom is the passage most likely written? （ A） An employee. （ B） An employer. （ C） An interviewee. （ D） An interviewer. 2 As the author suggests, what the applicant should know before the intervie
9、w is_. （ A） the type of work and his career expectation （ B） his career objective a particular company will decide （ C） the reasons a particular company has to employ him （ D） all of the above 3 Before the interview, the applicant should obtain some information about_. （ A） most major corporations （
10、 B） the company he wants to work for （ C） reference books and periodicals （ D） business and philosophy 4 What the applicant wears, as the author suggests, can make him look_. （ A） personal （ B） persuasive （ C） informative （ D） conservative 5 What is the author trying to tell us through the example i
11、n the last paragraph? （ A） The importance of personal taste. （ B） The importance of public relations. （ C） The importance of self confidence. （ D） The importance of first impression. 5 Video recorders and photocopiers, even ticket machines on the railways, often seem unnecessarily difficult to use.
12、Last December I bought myself a video cassette recorder (VCR) described as “simple to use“. In the first three weeks I failed repeatedly to program the machine to record from the TV, and after months of practice I still made mistakes. I am not alone. According to a survey last year by Ferguson, the
13、British manufacturer, more than one in four VCR owners never use the timer (定时器 ) on their machines to record a programme: they dont use it because theyve found it far too hard to operate. So why do manufacturers keep on designing and producing VCRS that are awkward to use if the problems are so obv
14、ious? First, the problems we notice are not obvious to technically minded (有技术思想的 ) designers with years of experience and trained to understand how appliances work. Secondly, designers tend to add one or two features at a time to each model, whereas you or I face all a machines features at once. Th
15、irdly, although finding problems in a finished product is easy, it is too late by then to do anything about the design. Finally, if manufacturers can get away with selling products that are difficult to use, it is not worth the effort of any one of them to make improvements. Some manufacturers say t
16、hey concentrate on providing a wide range of features rather than on making the machines easy to use. But that gives rise to the question, “Why cant you have features that are easy to use?“ The answer is you can. Good design practice is a mixture of specific procedures and general principles. For a
17、start, designers should build an original model of the machine and try it out on typical members of the public not on colleagues in the development laboratory. Simple public trials would quickly reveal many design mistakes. In an ideal world, there would be some ways of controlling quality such as t
18、hat the VCR must be redesigned repeatedly until, say, 90 percent of users can work 90 percent of the features correctly 90 percent of the time. 6 The author had trouble operating his VCR because_. （ A） he had neglected the importance of using the timer （ B） the machine had far more technical feature
19、s than necessary （ C） he had set about using it without proper training （ D） its operation was far more difficult than the designer intended it to be 7 According to the author, manufacturers_. （ A） should add more useful features to their machines （ B） often fail to make their products easy to use （
20、 C） should make their appliances as attractive as possible （ D） often fail to provide proper training in the use of their products 8 It seems that manufacturers will remain reluctant to make improvements unless_. （ A） they can do so at a very low cost （ B） they find their machines hard to operate （
21、C） they have difficulty selling their products （ D） they receive a lot of complaints about their machines 9 According to the passage, before a VCR is sold on the market, its original model should be tried out_. （ A） among ordinary consumers who are not technically minded （ B） among people who are te
22、chnically minded （ C） among experienced technicians and potential users （ D） among people who are in charge of public relations 10 One of the reasons why VCRs are so difficult to use is that_. （ A） the designers are often insensitive to the operational complexities of their machines （ B） the range o
23、f features provided is unlimited （ C） there is no ideal way of controlling quality （ D） their designers often ignore the complaints of their users 10 Money what a fascinating subject! There is money in the physical sense; coins, paper money, cheques and plastic credit cards. Then theres the whole in
24、teresting history of the monetary system. If youre something of a philosopher, however, you may be more interested in peoples attitude to money. Consider the difference between those who always manage to live within their income , and those who no matter how much they earn always need to spend more.
25、 The philosophies people have about money are reflected in the way they spend it. Two families earning the same salary may use their money in different ways. One familys consumer goods may be anothers ticket to a foreign country. In the radio series The Cost of Living, English people are heard discu
26、ssing many different aspects of money. The programmers make me think of a particular Englishman one who is not featured in the series. Francis Bacon was born in 1560, a few years before Shakespeare, and died in 1626. As a boy he displayed a remarkable intelligence, and by the age of thirteen was a s
27、tudent at Cambridge University. He studied law, then had a highly successful career. By 1617 he was Prime Minister of England. He had also published some important philosophical and literary works which are still read today. Why should a series of programmes about money make me think of Lord Bacon?
28、Briefly, because it was his attitude to money which controlled, and ultimately ruined, his life. He was a man who spent much more than he could earn. To support his luxurious life-style he borrowed money from anyone who was foolish enough to lend it to him, then carefully avoided his creditors. Far
29、worse, he abused his position of authority, accepting bribes in return for favors. For that he was eventually sent to prison. He spent the last years of his life in disgrace. 11 This selection is probably taken from_. （ A） a newspaper editorial （ B） a history textbook （ C） an essay on money （ D） a p
30、ersonal record 12 “To live within their income“ means_. （ A） they dont spend more than they earn （ B） they have to live from hand to mouth （ C） they live mainly on their salary and bonus （ D） money obtained honestly always comes slowly 13 Francis Bacon is today remembered for_. （ A） his great contri
31、bution as Prime Minister （ B） his attitude to money （ C） his life style （ D） his important philosophical and literary works 14 The expression “he abused his position of authority“ means_. （ A） he disliked his responsible position （ B） he was rude to people （ C） he took advantage of his power and put
32、 it to wrong use （ D） he bought things at bargain prices and sold them at higher prices 15 What does the word “physical“ in the first line mean in this passage? （ A） Material. （ B） Bodily. （ C） Of physics. （ D） Facial. 15 Florence Sephton is 77 and lives in Deganwy, North Wales. She is reading for a
33、n arts de-gree, “Im more of a creature to polish my mind than polish my furniture. The house takes second place while I put the studying first. “ “I was very happy at school and had wonderful teaching. I passed the university entrance examination and was ready to go to university but with World War
34、I went into banking. I was paid 1 pound a week. Manchester University kept my place open for three years but I was enjoying the money and the freedom so I turned it down. “ Mrs. Sephton is now in the second year of her Open University course and is finding it hard work. She underestimates her abilit
35、y. “Im feeling tired more frequently. I cant do more than an hours work at a time. The memorys shocking. Im supposed to be revising and I look up notes I did earlier this year and think, Have you read this before? So Im doing it very slowly one credit a year, so itll take six years. “ “At the moment
36、 the greatest reward is simply the increase in knowledge and the discipline. I had an essay failed this week. The professor said I hadnt answered the question. Ive been thinking about it all week. I know I havent got the facility for essay construction. I just let myself go and get excited. I feel m
37、ore emotionally than I do mentally. Im very ordinary really. “ Claiming to be ordinary and lazy, Mrs. Sephton is still working hard daily at her assignments. Mrs. Sephton sees her studies as keeping her fit and independent. “Because of my life Ive been self-sufficient. Its not a very nice characteri
38、stic. It means I dont care enough about people. I cant say I find comfort in what Ill be learning, so Ill be interested to see if theres a life ahead. “ 16 When Florence said “Im more of a creature to polish my mind than polish my furniture“ (Line 2, Para. 1) , she meant that_. （ A） she was tired of
39、 learning （ B） she was thirsty for knowledge （ C） she was more suitable for doing housework （ D） she didnt have enough time to keep the house clean 17 Florence never took up her place at Manchester University because_. （ A） she was obliged to work （ B） she wasnt interested in that university （ C） sh
40、e no longer wanted to study （ D） she was happy with her job 18 How is she getting on with her studies? （ A） Age makes it more difficult for her to cope with her studies. （ B） She devotes only one hour a day to her studies. （ C） Her memory is as good as it ever was. （ D） She has to read everything tw
41、ice. 19 Florence says she isnt a good essay-writer because_. （ A） the essay topics are difficult for her （ B） she likes only a few of the topics （ C） shes not young enough （ D） she finds it difficult to organize ideas properly 20 Florence thinks that_. （ A） shes hard-working （ B） she has a strong ch
42、aracter （ C） shes rather lazy （ D） she depends on other people 20 British universities, groaning under the burden of a huge increase in student numbers, are warning that the tradition of a free education is at risk. The universities have threatened to impose an admission fee on students to plug a ga
43、p in revenue if the government does not act to improve their finances and scrap some public spending cutbacks. The government responded to the universities threat by setting up the most fundamental review of higher education for a generation, under a non-party troubleshooter (调停人 )， Sir Ron Dearing.
44、 One in three school-leavers enters higher education, five times the number when the last review took place thirty years ago. Everyone agrees a system that is feeling the strain after rapid expansion needs a lot more money but there is little hope of getting it from the taxpayer and not much scope f
45、or attracting more finance from business. Most colleges believe students should contribute to tuition costs, something that is common elsewhere in the world but would mark a revolutionary change in Britain. Universities want the government to introduce a loan scheme for tuition fees and have suspend
46、ed their own threatened action for now. They await Dearings advice, hoping it will not be too late some are already reported to be in financial difficulty. As the century nears its end, the whole concept of what a university should be is under the microscope. Experts ponder how much they can use com
47、puters instead of classrooms, talk of the need for lifelong learning and refer to students as “consumers“. The Confederation (联盟 ) of British Industry, the key employers organization, wants even more expansion in higher education to help fight competition on world markets from booming Asian economie
48、s. But the government has doubts about more expansioa The Times newspaper agrees, complaining that quality has suffered as student numbers soared, with close tutorial supervision giving way to “mass production methods more typical of European universities“. 21 The chief concern of British universiti
49、es is_. （ A） how to tackle their present financial difficulty （ B） how to improve their educational technology （ C） how to expand the enrollment to meet the needs of enterprises （ D） how to put an end to the current tendency of quality deterioration 22 We can learn from the passage that in Britain_. （ A） higher education is provided free of charge （ B） universities are mainly funded by businesses （ C） the government pays dearly for its financ
