1、在职攻硕英语联考（阅读）模拟试卷 83及答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your an
2、swer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 0 Territoriality is a critical factor in communication. Our tendency to own space is well-defined, is related to the organization hierarchy, and provides an advantage to whomever possesses the “turf“. In a real sense, our territory prov
3、ides us with a “home court advantage“. The role of territoriality is critical whenever interactions occur between a manager and an employee. The manager should strive to use territoriality to benefit the interchange. If you are in a superior position and wish to fully retain this advantage, you shou
4、ld hold meetings in your office and use its space to project your authority. If you wish to appear less superior, however, you should move the meeting to neutral territory. For most managers, this would include any public area such as a hallway, a cafeteria, or a lounge. The importance of neutral te
5、rritory usually is emphasized in collective bargaining proceedings. Neither labor nor management is usually willing to negotiate in the others domain. Instead, they find some neutral setting, such as a hotel. Space also has an effect on communication and territoriality. Edward T. Hall, in Hidden Dim
6、ension, points out that there must be congruency between the space people establish in communication and the content of the transaction. His study of personal space led him to conclude that there are four distinct zones in which most humans operate: 1)intimate distance, 2)personal distance, 3)social
7、 distance, and 4)public distance. The first zone, intimate distance, is generally very close, from six to twelve inches. At an intimate distance, you are overwhelmingly aware of the other person. Such closeness practically never happens in a business setting and when it does, it lasts for a short ti
8、me. In fact, in our culture, this distance is almost always reserved for men and women who are on intimate terms. If intimacy does not exist the closeness can be embarrassing. The second zone of territory is personal distance. The distance is usually from 12 to 18 inches and includes personal conver
9、sations with colleagues and friends where information is being exchanged that is not to be overheard. Social distance is a space of about 18 to 36 inches. This is generally the distance in which we transact our personal business, job interviews, and conversations at desks or water coolers. Almost al
10、l business relationships occur in this zone. At this distance we are more likely to utilize social rituals such as shaking hands, opening doors, and the more careful forms of address. In this arena, we see our interactions as part of a larger social or economic interchange. Finally, there is public
11、distance. Usually in excess of three feet, this is the distance we maintain for public interactions with one another. Large briefings are the most likely example of this use of space by the manager. Questions: 1 The best title of this passage can be_. （ A） Keep A Proper Distance （ B） Take More Terri
12、tory （ C） Hold Meeting in Neutral Setting （ D） Become A Successful Businessman 2 The distance a manager should maintain at large briefings is_. （ A） less than 3 feet （ B） exact 3 feet （ C） more than 3 feet （ D） about 3 inches 3 Which of the following is true according to the passage? （ A） All the bu
13、siness relationships occur in social distance. （ B） Most managers hold meetings in a neutral territory. （ C） Personal distance is most appropriate when people engage in social rituals. （ D） People without close relationship would feel uncomfortable at a distance of 6 inches. 4 Secrets are often shar
14、ed at_. （ A） intimate distance （ B） personal distance （ C） social distance （ D） public distance 5 A neutral setting is very important for people holding different position in that_. （ A） it provides more space for both sides （ B） there is less interface in a neutral setting （ C） it makes both sides
15、feel close to each other （ D） it is favorable to both sides 6 The London Stock Exchange has been famous as a place for men only, and women used to be strictly forbidden to enter. But the world is changing day by day, and even the Stock Exchange, which seemed to be a mans castle, is gradually opening
16、 its doors to the other sex. On 16th November 1971, a great decision was taken. The Stock Exchange Council(the body of men that administers the Stock Exchange)decided that women should be allowed onto the new trading floor when it opened in 1973. But the “castle“ had not been completely conquered. T
17、he first girls to work in “The House“ were not brokers or jobbers. They were neither allowed to become partners in stockbroking firms, nor to be authorized dealers in stocks and shares. They were simply junior clerks and telephone operators. Women have been trying to get into the Stock Exchange for
18、many years. Several votes have been taken in “The House“ to see whether the members would be willing to allow women to become members, but the answer has always been “No. “ There have been three refusals of this kind since 1967. Now women are admitted, although in a very junior capacity. Two forms o
19、f jobbers made an application to the Stock Exchange Council to be allowed to employ girl clerks. Permission was finally given. A member of the Stock Exchange explained, after this news had been given, “The new floor is going to be different from the old one. All the jobbers will have their own stand
20、s, with space for a telephone and typewriters. Therefore there will have to be typists and telephone operators. So women must be allowed in. “ This decision did not mean a very great victory in the war for equal rights for women. However, it was a step in the right direction. The chairman of the new
21、 building will eventually lead to women being allowed to have full membership of the Stock Exchange. It is only a matter of time; it must happen. Question: What is this article about? （ A） Womens place in society. （ B） How the London Stock Exchange functioned in 1971. （ C） How women have been strugg
22、ling for full membership of the Stock Exchange. （ D） How women were gradually allowed to work in the Stock Exchange. 7 Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots. Unlike most of the worlds volcanoes, they are not always f
23、ound at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earths surface; on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate. Most of the hot spots move only slowly, and in some cases the movement of the plates past them has left trails of dead volcanoes. The hot spots and
24、their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage of the plates. That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute. Africa and South America, for example, are moving away from each other as new material is injected into the sea floor between them, The complementary coastlines and certain geo
25、logical features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of one plate with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respe
26、ct to the earths interior. It is not possible to determine whether both continents are moving in opposite directions or whether one continent is stationary and the other is drifting away from it. Hot spots, anchored in the deeper layers of the earth, provide the measuring instruments needed to resol
27、ve the question. From an analysis of the hot-spot population it appears that the African plate is stationary and that it has not moved during the past 30 million years. The significance of hot spots is not confined to their role as a frame of reference. It now appears that they also have an importan
28、t influence on the geophysical processes that propel the plates across the globe. When a continental plate comes to rest over a hot spot, the material rising from deeper layers creates a broad dome. As the dome grows, it develops deep fissures(cracks); in at least a few cases the continent may break
29、 entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean. Thus just as earlier theories have explained the mobility of the continents, so hot spots may explain their mutability(inconstancy). Question: The passage is mainly about_. （ A） the features of volca
30、nic activities （ B） the importance of the theory about drifting plates （ C） the significance of hot spots in geophysical studies （ D） the process of the formation of volcanoes 8 In May 1989, space shuttle “Atlantis“ released in outer space the space probe “Megal-lan“, which is now on her 15-month an
31、d one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus. A new phase in space exploration has begun. The planet Venus is only slightly smaller than the earth; it is the only other object in the solar system, in fact, that even comes close to the earths size. Venus has a similar density, so it is probably made of ap
32、proximately the same stuff, and it has an atmosphere, complete with clouds. It is also the closest planet to the earth, and thus the most similar in distance from the sun. In short, Venus seems to justify its long-held nickname of “the earths twin“. The surface temperature of Venus reaches some 900
33、degree F. Added to that is an atmospheric pressure about 90 times the earths. High overhead in the carbon dioxide(CO2)that passes for air is a layer of clouds, perhaps 10 to 20 miles thick, whose little drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid(H2SO4). Water is all but nonexistent. Born with so many fun
34、damental similarities to the earth, how did Venus get to be so radically different? It is not just an academic matter. For all its extremes, Venus is a valuable laboratory for researchers studying the weather and climate of the earth. It has no the earths oceans, so the heat-transport and other mech
35、anisms are greatly simplified. In addition, the planet Venus takes 243 earth-days to turn once on its axis, so incoming heat from the sun is added and distributed at a more leisurely, observable pace. Question: The main idea of this passage is about_. （ A） problems of space travel （ B） scientific me
36、thods in space exploration （ C） the importance of Venus to the earth （ D） conditions on Venus 9 When some nineteenth-century New Yorkers said “Harlem“, they meant almost all of Manhattan above Eighty-sixth Street. Toward the end of the century, however, a group of citizens in upper Manhattan wanting
37、, perhaps, to shape a closer and more precise sense of community designated a section that they wished to have known as Harlem. The chosen area was the Harlem to which Blacks were moving the first decades of the new century as they left their old settlements on the middle and lower blocks of the Wes
38、t Side. As the community became predominantly Black, the very word “Harlem“ seemed to lose its old meaning. At times, it was easy to forget that “Harlem“ was originally the Dutch name “Harlem“, that the community it described had been founded by people from Holland; and that for most of its three ce
39、nturies it was first settled in the sixteen hundreds it had been occupied by White New Yorkers. “Harlem“ became synonymous with Black life and Black style in Manhattan. Blacks living there used the word as though they had coined it themselves not only to designate their area of residence but to expr
40、ess their sense of the various qualities of its life and atmosphere. As the years passed, “Harlem“ assumed an even larger meaning. In the words of Sr. Adam Clayton Powell, the pastor of the Abyssinian Baptist Church, Harlem “became the symbol of liberty and the Promised Land to the Negroes everywher
41、e“. By 1919 Harlems population had grown by several thousand. It had received its share of wartime migration from the South, the Caribbean, and parts of colonial Africa. Some of the new arrivals merely lived in Harlem: it was New York they had come to, looking for jobs and for all the other legendar
42、y opportunities of life in the city. To others who migrated to Harlem, New York was merely the city in which they found themselves: Harlem was exactly where they wished to be. Question: What does the passage mainly discuss? （ A） The origin of the word “Harlem“. （ B） Migration during the First World
43、War. （ C） The history of Black Harlem. （ D） Manhattans diverse neighborhoods. 在职攻硕英语联考（阅读）模拟试卷 83答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them t
44、here are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 【知识模块】 阅读理解 1 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 阅读理解 2 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 阅读理解 3 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 阅读理解 4 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 阅读理解 5 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 阅读理解 6 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 阅读理解 7 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 阅读理解 8 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 阅读理解 9 【正确答案】 C 【知 识模块】 阅读理解
