1、大学生英语竞赛（ NECCS） A类（研究生）模拟试卷 13及答案与解析 一、 Part Vocabulary and Structure 1 Fool_ Jane is, she could not have done such a thing. （ A） who （ B） as （ C） that （ D） like 2 Have you ever been in a situation, _you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him? （ A） by which （ B） that （ C） in wh
2、ere （ D） where 3 It was recommended that passengers_ smoke during the flight. （ A） not （ B） need not （ C） could not （ D） would not 4 She is_a musician than her brother. （ A） much of （ B） much as （ C） more of （ D） more as 5 We can do without luxuries and entertainment. However, food, shelter, and clo
3、thing are （ A） dependable （ B） indispensable （ C） optional （ D） welcome 6 People throughout the world are eating_meat per person as they did in 1950. （ A） more than twice （ B） twice much as （ C） twice as much （ D） twice more 7 Tennis star Chris Evert, who retired from the game after eighteen years,
4、perhaps_more than anyone to make women s professional tennis a widely respected career. （ A） who did （ B） has done （ C） and doing （ D） to do 8 The work is not very profitable_cash, but I am getting valuable experience from it. （ A） according to （ B） on the basis of （ C） in terms of （ D） in the light
5、 of 9 When Columbus reached the New World, corn was the_in the America, （ A） widely most grown plant （ B） most widely grown plant （ C） most grown widely plant （ D） plant widely grown most 10 _the symphony, no one in the audience spoke. （ A） By （ B） For （ C） During （ D） From 11 I dont see any_in goin
6、g on a picnic in such bad weather. （ A） dot （ B） point （ C） lot （ D） spot 12 I took_of the opportunity to tell him what I thought. （ A） gain （ B） advantage （ C） benefit （ D） profit 13 Bob: Wow, look, all the things are on sale. Jane: Yes, look at here, this is 50% off._. Bob: And look at the shoes.
7、They are 30% off the normal price. （ A） I d like to buy a skirt. （ B） There are some real bargains. （ C） Are the prices reasonable? （ D） These shoes are the same as mine. 14 Bill: Whats the time? Blanche: 8 o clock , so we d better get a move on if we re going to meet your sister at the airport. Bil
8、l: That s alright. Her flight doesnt arrive until 8: 30. Blanche: Yeah, but itll take us an hour to get there you know what the traffic is like. Bill: OK._. Blanche; What s wrong with those shorts? Bill: I don t like driving in shorts. I m going to put some jeans on. （ A） Ill just go and get changed
9、. （ B） Ill wash my hands. （ C） Please wait me a moment. （ D） Ill be back soon. 二、 Part Reading Comperhension 14 Low levels of literacy and numeracy have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adult life, according to a survey published yesterday, which offers evidence of a developing underclass
10、. Tests and interviews with hundreds of people born in a certain week in 1958 graphically illustrated the handicap of educational underachievement. The effects are seen in unemployment, family breakdown, low incomes, depression and social inactivity. Those who left school at 16 with poor basic skill
11、s had been employed for up to Jour years less than good readers by the time they reached 37. Professor John Bynner, who carried out the research, said that today s unqualified teenagers would have even greater problems because the supply of manual jobs had dried up. Almost one in five of the 1 , 700
12、 people interviewed for yesterday s report had poor literacy skills and almost half struggled with numeracy, a proportion in line with other surveys for the Basic Skills Agency. Some could not read even from a child s book, and most found difficulty with following written instructions. Poor readers
13、were twice as likely to be earning a low wage and four times as likely to live in a household where partner worked. Women in this position were five times as likely to be classified as depressed. Alan Wells, the agency s director, said, “The results emphasize the clangers of developing an underclass
14、 of excluded people, out of work, increasingly depressed and often labeled themselves as failures. There is a growing circle of marginalization, with the dice loaded against these people and their families. Only 300,000 people out of more than five million thought to have poor basic skills take reme
15、dial courses each year. Mr. Wells said that a “major catch-up initiative“ would benefit society as well as the individuals involved. “It is not true that 20 per cent have been getting nothing out of education in the last five years, but maybe 50 years,“ he said. “The long tail of under-achievement i
16、s something we have always had. The survey is part of the National Child Development Study, which has tracked 17,000 people at five-yearly intervals since 1958. The current study employed eight reading and nine mathematical tests of varying difficulty. They included the ability to read a Yellow Page
17、s directory to find a plumber and measure the floor space of a room. 15 What is the main idea of the passage? （ A） Failure in one s career results from poor performance at school. （ B） Failure in primary education has a negative impact on one s adult life. （ C） Underclass adults have problems in var
18、ious aspects of life. （ D） Poor reading ability goes hand in hand with numerical problems. 16 The current survey is integrated in a study which was initiated_. （ A） 5 years ago （ B） 37 years ago （ C） in 1958 （ D） yesterday 17 What can we infer from the third paragraph? （ A） Poor students often come
19、from poor families. （ B） Fewer jobs are available to the poor readers now than before. （ C） Some researchers were once poor students at school. （ D） School underachievers only have job chances before the age of 37. 18 According to Alan Wells, what seems to be the problem which has lasted for dozens
20、of years? （ A） High unemployment rate. （ B） Inadequacy of school facilities. （ C） Ineffectiveness of school education. （ D） Poor qualifications of teachers. 19 What kind of people are usually enrolled in the remedial program? （ A） Children who have dropped out of school. （ B） Children whose families
21、 cannot afford normal schooling. （ C） Adults who are not satisfied with their partners. （ D） Adults who have got little out of previous education. 19 The conquering Europeans displaced the Aborigines, killing many, driving others from their traditional tribal lands, and eventually settling many of t
22、he tribal remnants on government reserves, where flour and beef replaced nardoo and wallaby as staple foods. And so, gradually, the vast store of knowledge, accumulated over thousands of years, fell into disuse. Much was lost. However, a few European men took an intelligent and even respectful inter
23、est in the people who were being displaced. Explorers, missionaries, botanists, naturalists and government officials observed, recorded and fortunately in some cases, published. Today, we can draw on these publications to form the main basis of our knowledge of the edible, natural products of Austra
24、lia. The picture is no doubt mostly incomplete. We can only speculate on the number of edible plants on which no observation was recorded. Not all our information on the subject comes from the Aborigines, Times were hard in the early days of European settlement, and traditional foods were often in s
25、hort supply or impossibly expensive for a pioneer trying to establish a farm in the bush. And so necessity led to experimentation, just as it must have done for the Aborigines, and experimentation led to some lucky results. So far as is known, the Aborigines made no use of Leptospermum or Dodonaea a
26、s food plants, yet the ear-ly settlers found that one could be used as a substitute for tea and the other for hops. These plants are not closely related to the species they replaced, so their use was not based on botanical observation. Probably some experiments had less happy endings; L. J. Webb has
27、 used the expression eat, die and learn in connection with the Aboriginal experimentation, but it was the successful attempts that became widely known. It is possible that the edibility of some native plants used by the Aborigines was discovered independently by the European settlers or their descen
28、dants. Explorers making long expeditions found it impossible to carry sufficient food for the whole journey and were forced to rely, in part, on food that they could find on the way. Still another source of information comes from the practice in other countries. There are many species from northern
29、Australia which occur also in Southeast Asia, where they are used for food. In general, those Aborigines living in the dry inland areas were largely dependent for their vegetable foods on seed such as those of grasses, acacias and eucalypts. They ground these seeds between flat stones to make coarse
30、 flour. Tribes on the coast, and particularly those in the vicinity of coastal rainforests, had a more varied vegetable diet with a higher proportion of fruits and tubers. Some of the coastal plants, even if they had grown inland, probably would have been unavailable as food since they required prol
31、onged washing or soaking to render them non-poisonous; many of the inland tribes could not obtain water in the quantities necessary for such treatment. There was also considerable variation in the edible plants available to Aborigines in different latitudes. In general, the people who lived in the m
32、oist tropical areas enjoyed a much greater variety, than those in the southern part of Australia. 20 Most of the pre-European Aboriginal knowledge of wild foods_. 21 Both the early European settlers and the Aborigines had to_about natural products of Australia. 22 If_some plants are closely related
33、to the species they replaced, their use was probably based on_. 23 Pre-European Aboriginal tribes closer to the coast had access to _ than the tribes further inland. 24 The edible plants available to Aborigines vary according to_. 24 A GUIDE TO TOXICS IN THE HOME This factsheet brings good news. The
34、re are alternatives to “household toxics“. Some of these products take time to prepare but they re cheaper than commercial products and more importantly, they represent an investment in the future of the planet. Household Cleaners are polishes. When cleaning your home, keep in mind that you don t. h
35、ave to replace grease and dirt with chemicals dangerous to your family and the environment. Most of your household cleaning needs can be met with seven simple ingredients; vinegar pure soap, bicarb soda, washing soda, borax, cloudy, ammonia and strong solution ammonia. All these are available in you
36、r local supermarket or chemist. Various combinations of these, simple substances can accomplish most household cleaning jobs cheaply and use caution with all cleaners and remember that even environmentally sound cleaners may be unsafe if consumed. All Purpose cleaner Key (Mild Mixture) : 1C = 1 Cup
37、= 250ml 4L hot water IT = 1 Tablespoon 1/4 C cloudy ammonia 1T = 1 Teaspoon 1T bicarb soda 1L =1 Litre This solution is safe for all surfaces, can be rinsed with water, and is very effective for most jobs. For a stronger cleaner or wax stripper, double the amounts of all ingredients except water. Us
38、e gloves and do not mix other compounds, especially chlorine bleach. WARNING: Never mix ammonia and bleach: an extremely toxic gas is produced. Laundry: The best alternative for cleaning your clothes is pure soap. Soap has accomplished the task of getting garments while and bright for generations. T
39、ry this recipe for washing. Add 1/3 C washing, soda (sodium carbonate) to water as machine is filling. Add clothes. Add 1/2 C of soap flakes. If water is hard, add extra washing soda. The following list gives some specific solutions for stains: HEAVILY SOILED: Rub with solution of 2 T washing soda i
40、n 1 C warm water. FRUIT AND WINE: immediately pour salt or hot water on the stain and soak in milk before washing. GREASE; Pour boiling water on stains and follow with dry bicarb soda. Or try ammonia and water. INK; Soak in milk or remove with hydrogen peroxide. BLOOD; Soak in warm water or remove w
41、ith hydrogen peroxide. For a more stubborn stain, mix corn flour or talcum powder with water and apply mixture. Allow to dry and brush away. COFFEE; Mix egg yolk with lukewarm water and rub on stain. CHEWING GUM; Rub with ice. Gum will flake off. Alternatively try a dab of eucalyptus oil. LIPSTICK;
42、Rub with cold cream and wash with washing soda. Ovens; Combine strong version of all purpose cleaner with bicarb soda; wear gloves when scrubbing. An easier over cleaner is ammonia. (CAUTION; this ammonia is strong solution ammonia available only from chemists. It is a very caustic solution and grea
43、t care should be taken with handling. Rubber gloves should be worn. If skin contact should occur wash with water immediately and bathe affected area with vinegar, a neutralizing solution.) Place about 1/4 C of ammonia in a shallow pan (not aluminium) and add enough hot water to cover the bottom of t
44、he pan. Heat oven for 20 minutes, turn off and place pan in oven overnight. Take care to avoid inhaling ammonia fumes. Raked on food will be loosened, then the oven can be cleaned with bicarb soda and scrubbing. Bathroom: Most commercial tile cleaners do more harm than good because they contain chlo
45、rine, a serious irritant to nose, eyes and skin and one of the most dangerous chemicals found in Australian sewers. For general bathroom cleaning, use a firm bristled brush with either bicarb soda and hot water or a mild version of the all purpose cleaner. To clean toilet apply a thick paste of bora
46、x and lemon juice to stubborn areas. Leave for two hours and scrub. Alternatively, a strong solution of vinegar can be used. Garden Pests: Pesticides carry the suffix “cides“ which means “killer“. Natural pesticides are cheaper and safer for your family and pets. Here are three examples of alternati
47、ve pest sprays. SOAP; Use only pure soap as detergents will damage your plants. Liquid soaps : 2 T per litre of water. Dry soaps: 50 grams per litre of water. TOBACCO WATER; This can be used against soft-bodied insects such as aphids, thrips and caterpillars. Place a large handful of tobacco in 4 li
48、tres of warm water. Lei stand for 24 hours. Dilute and apply with a spray bottle. This tobacco water is poisonous to humans. Use caution when handing. HOT PEPPERS; Blend 2 or 3 very hot peppers, 1/2 onion and 1 clove garlic in water, boil steep for two days, and strain. This spray will not damage in
49、door or outdoor plants. 25 Do safe alternatives to environmentally dangerous household cleaners cost more or less than the commercial products? 26 If we take the advice of the writer of the passage, how many basic ingredients do we need to do the household cleaning? 27 What do you mix with bicarb soda and cloudy ammonia to make a general all-purpose household cleaner? 28 What very dangerous chemical can be used
