1、大学英语六级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷 223及答案与解析 Section A （ A） To test how responsive dolphins are to various signals. （ B） To examine how long it takes dolphins to acquire a skill. （ C） To find out if the female dolphin is cleverer than the male one. （ D） To see if dolphins can learn to communicate with each other. （
2、 A） Swim straight into the same tank. （ B） Produce the appropriate sound. （ C） Raise their heads above the water. （ D） Press the right-hand lever first. （ A） Only one dolphin was able to see the light. （ B） The male dolphin received more rewards. （ C） The lever was beyond the dolphins reach. （ D） Bo
3、th dolphins were put in the same tank. （ A） Both of them press the lever at the same time. （ B） One of them presses the right-hand lever first. （ C） One of them presses the levers in the right order. （ D） Both of them have to press the levers correctly. （ A） In a resort town. （ B） In a lecture room.
4、 （ C） On a cattle farm. （ D） In a botanical garden. （ A） It has kept many traditions from Victorian times. （ B） It remains very attractive with its mineral waters. （ C） It is an ideal place for people to retire to. （ D） It is at the centre of the fashion industry. （ A） It was named after a land owne
5、r in the old days. （ B） It will be used as a centre for athletic training. （ C） It is located in the eastern part of Harrogate. （ D） It is protected as parkland by a special law. （ A） The beautiful flowers. （ B） The refreshing air. （ C） The mineral waters. （ D） The vast grassland. Section B （ A） He
6、teaches psychology at Ohio State University. （ B） He has experience tutoring black students. （ C） He specializes in interpersonal relationships. （ D） He provides counseling for university students. （ A） Black freshmen with high standardized test scores. （ B） Black students from families with low inc
7、omes. （ C） Students who are accustomed to living in dorms. （ D） Students who scored low on standardized tests. （ A） They generally spent more time together than white pairs. （ B） They moved out of the college dorms at the end of the semester. （ C） They were more appreciative of the universitys housi
8、ng policy. （ D） They broke up more often than same-race roommates. （ A） They started doing similar activities. （ B） Their test scores rose gradually. （ C） They grew bored of each other. （ D） Their racial attitudes improved. （ A） He is a habitual criminal. （ B） He was accused of family violence. （ C）
9、 He was wrongly imprisoned. （ D） He has bitter memories of childhood. （ A） The evidence found at the crime scene. （ B） The testimony of his two friends. （ C） The jurys prejudice against his race. （ D） The two victims identification. （ A） The US judicial system has much room for improvement. （ B） Eye
10、witnesses are often misled by the lawyers questions. （ C） Frightened victims can rarely make correct identification. （ D） Many factors influence the accuracy of witness testimony. Section C （ A） It was set up in that year. （ B） It joined with another company. （ C） It sent 10,000 people abroad. （ D）
11、It recruited a lot of new staff. （ A） They are working in 150 countries worldwide. （ B） Most of them are former volunteers. （ C） 75% of them are from the UK. （ D） They joined the company in the early 90s. （ A） Most of the volunteers join in July. （ B） Its best to join the programs in winter. （ C） Th
12、ere are fixed start dates for each program. （ D） Volunteers may start when its best for them. （ A） Its solely funded by its volunteers. （ B） It receives money from the government. （ C） It asks for money from partner organizations. （ D） It gets funding from religious bodies. （ A） Americans eat more h
13、amburgers than before. （ B） Americans eat more fast food than they did. （ C） Most Americans are fond of eating sausages. （ D） Americans spent six million dollars on fast food in 1970. （ A） Above 50%. （ B） About 25%. （ C） Around 68%. （ D） Approximately 94%. （ A） It means getting too fat. （ B） Its a k
14、ind of heart disease. （ C） Its the biggest killer in America. （ D） Its a result of too much stress. （ A） It was a railroad in the US. （ B） It was developed after the Civil War. （ C） It got its name in about 1931. （ D） It helped slaves run away. （ A） George Washington. （ B） A black slave. （ C） A slav
15、e owner. （ D） A Quaker. （ A） Stationmasters. （ B） Conductors. （ C） Passengers. （ D） Stations. 大学英语六级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷 223答案与解析 Section A 1 【听力原文】 W: One of the most interesting experiments with dolphins must be one done by Doctor Jarvis Bastian. What he tried to do was to teach a male dolphin called Bass
16、 and a female called Doris to communicate with each other across a solid barrier. M: So how did he do it exactly? W: Well, first of all, he kept the two dolphins together in the same tank and taught them to press levers whenever they saw a light. The levers were fitted to the side of the tank next t
17、o each other. If the light flashed on and off several times, the dolphins were supposed to press the left-hand lever followed by the right-hand one. If the light was kept steady, the dolphins were supposed to press the levers in reverse order. Whenever they responded correctly, they were rewarded wi
18、th fish. M: Sounds terribly complicated. W: Well, that was the first stage. In the second stage, Doctor Bastian separated the dolphins into two tanks. They could still hear one another, but they couldnt actually see each other. The levers and light were set up in exactly the same way except that thi
19、s time it was only Doris who could see the light indicating which lever to press first. But in order to get their fish, both dolphins had to press the levers in the correct order. This meant, of course, that Doris had to tell Bass whether it was a flashing light or whether it was a steady light. M:
20、So did it work? W: Well, amazingly enough, the dolphins achieved a 100% success rate. 1. What is the purpose of Doctor Jarvis Bastions experiment? 2. What were the dolphins supposed to do when they saw a steady light? 3. How did the second stage of the experiment differ from the first stage? 4. What
21、 should the dolphins do to get rewarded? 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 对话开头女士就说 Doctor Jarvis Bastian的实验就是试图教会海豚在被障碍物隔开的情况下仍能沟通。所以答案为 D。要海豚根据不同的灯光判断按左右杠杆的顺序。是实验的细节，不是实验目的。 A错误； B中的 how long和C中的 cleverer对话没有提到。 2 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 女士说如果灯持续亮的话，两只海豚就要按照相反的顺序按下杠杆。也就是先按下右边的杠杆再按下左边的杠杆，所以答案为 D。在第一阶段的实验中。两只海豚被放进同一水 箱， A与
22、对话不符； B、 C对话中没有提到。 3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 女士说在实验的第二阶段，杠杆和灯的设置与前一阶段基本一样。不同之处在于这次只有名叫 Doris的海豚能看见灯光。所以答案为 A。 B中的more rewards对话中没有提到；对话说两只海豚都能正确按下杠杆，可见不会够不着， C错；在第二阶段的实验两只海豚不在同一个水箱。 D错。 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 女士在介绍实验的工作原理之后说到，当海豚做出正确的回应。它们就会被奖励鱼吃。然后在实验第二阶段也谈到。要得 到鱼的话，两只海豚都要能以正确的顺序来按杠杆。故 D项正确。 A中的 “同时按杠杆 ”没有在对话中提
23、及，不选；女士强调两只都要能正确按下杠杆才能吃到鱼。而不是 B和 C项所说的 “One of them”，所以都予以排除。 5 【听力原文】 W: This weeks program Up Your Street takes you to Harrogate, a small town in Yorkshire. Harrogate became a fashionable resort during Victorian times, when people came to take a bath in the mineral waters. Today, few people come t
24、o visit the town for its mineral waters. Instead, Harrogate has become a popular town for people to retire to. Its clean air, attractive parks, and the absence of any industry, make this an ideal spot for people looking for a quiet life. Now, to tell us more about Harrogate, I have with me Tom Perci
25、val, President of the Chamber of Commerce. Tom, one of the things visitor notices about Harrogate is the large area of open parkland right down into the middle of the town. Can you tell us more about it? M: Yes, certainly. The area is called the Stray. W: Why the Stray? M: Its called that because in
26、 the old days, people let their cattle stray on the area, which was common land. W: Oh, I see. M: Then, weve changes in farming and in land ownership. The Stray became part of the land owned by Harrogate. W: And is it protected? M: Oh, yes, indeed. Theres a special law. No one can build anything on
27、the Stray. Its protected forever. W: So it will always be parkland? M: Thats right. As you can see, some of the Stray is used for sports fields. W: I believe it looks lovely in the spring. M: Yes, it does. Therere spring flowers on the old trees, and people visit the town just to see the flowers. 5.
28、 Where does this conversation most probably take place? 6. What do we learn about modern Harrogate? 7. What does the man say about the area called the Stray? 8. What attracts people most in the Stray during the spring time? 5 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 对话开头提到，本周的 Up Your Street节目带你来到约克郡的小镇 Harrogate。接着主持人说这个小镇
29、在维多利亚时代就是一个时尚度假胜地 (a fashionable resort)，为了更好地介绍 Harrogate，还请来了商会主席。由此推测对话最可能发生在 Harrogate，一个度假城镇，答案选 A。 对话另一种可能是发生在室内的演播厅。主持人和嘉宾在播放有关 Harrogate的影像，但是演播厅一般用 studio。 B项 lecture room通常指 “教室，演讲室 ”，故不对。 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 对话提到， Harrogate因为清新的空气、漂亮的公园及无工业污染，如今已经成为人们退休后的理想居所，所以答案为 C。 traditions在对话没有提及， A可排
30、除； B是维多利亚时代 Harrogate吸引人之处； D是利用原词fashionable和 industry拼成的干扰项。 本题符合长对话 “听到什么选什么 ”的原则。 7 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 男士说 the Stray受到特别法律的保护，禁止在此修建任何建筑，所以答案选 D。男士说，以前人们在这个地方放 牧， the Stray的名字由此而来， A排除； the Stray位于城镇的中心， C也可排除； theStray的有些地方用作 sports fields并没有说它会被用作运动培训中心， B属于过度推断。 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 男士在结尾处说春天这些古老的树
31、木会开花，人们来就是为了看花，所以答案选 A。 therefreshing air是现代 Harrogate适合退休生活的原因之一， the mineral waters是维多利亚时代 Harrogate吸引人之处。 B、 C与 spring time无关。 D对话没有提及。 Section B 9 【听力原文】 Russell Fazio, an Ohio State psychology professor who has studied interracial roommates there and at Indiana University, discovered an intrigu
32、ing academic effect. In a study analyzing data on thousands of Ohio State freshmen who lived in dorms, he found that black freshmen who came to college with high standardized test scores earned better grades if they had a white roommate even if the roommates test scores were low. The roommates race
33、had no effect on the grades of white students or low-scoring black students. Perhaps, the study speculated, having a white roommate helps academically prepared black students adjust to a predominantly white university. That same study found that randomly assigned interracial roommates at Ohio State
34、broke up before the end of the quarter about twice as often as same-race roommates. Because interracial roommate relationships are often problematic, Dr. Fazio said, many students would like to move out, but university housing policies may make it hard to leave. “At Indiana University, where housing
35、 was not so tight, more interracial roommates split up,“ he said. “Here at Ohio State, where housing was tight, they were told to work it out. The most interesting thing we found was that if the relationship managed to continue for just 10 weeks, we could see an improvement in racial attitudes.“ Dr.
36、 Fazios Indiana study found that three times as many randomly assigned interracial roommates were no longer living together at the end of the semester, compared with white roommates. The interracial roommates spent less time together, and had fewer joint activities than the white pairs. 9. What do w
37、e know about Russell Fazio? 10. Who benefited from living with a white roommate according to Fazios study? 11. What did the study find about randomly assigned interracial roommates at Ohio State University? 12. What did Dr. Fazio find interesting about interracial roommates who had lived together fo
38、r 10 weeks? 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 短文开头提到， Fazio是俄亥俄州立大学的心理学教授。 A项与之一致，为答案。 Fazio研究的是 interracial roommates(不同种族的室友之间的关系 )，而不是 C项的 interpersonal relationships(人际关系 )； B、 D只是利用原文中的 black， university和 students进行干扰。 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 短文提到， Fazio发现，入校时高分的黑人新生如果有一名白人室友则会有更好的成绩。 A项与原文一致，故为答案。 B、 C在短文中都没有提到；短文
39、明确提到室友的种族 对白人学生和低分的黑人没有影响 (had no effect)，排除D。 11 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 短文提到，随机分配的不同种族的室友在季末前分开的几率是同种族室友的两倍，也就是 D项所说的 more often than，故 D项正确。 A项的表述与短文最后提到的 spent less time together相反：短文只说到 interracial roommates在季末时不再住在一起 (broke up)，这并不代表搬出学校宿舍，故 B项不对； C项说他们更喜欢学校的住房政策，在录音中未提及。 12 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 短文提到，我们发现最
40、有趣的是，如果室友关系试着维持到 10周，他们的种族看法就会有所改善。 D项把原文中的名词 improvement改成了同根动词 improved，意思一致，故为答案。 A、 C都没有在原文中提及； B与维持10周的关系无关。 表强调和最高级处常考，故听到 the most interestingthing时就要留意。 13 【听力原文】 Bernard Jackson is a free man today, but he has many bitter memories. Jackson spent five years in prison after a jury wrongly con
41、victed him of raping two women. At Jacksons trial, although two witnesses testified that Jackson was with them in another location at the times of the crimes, he was convicted anyway. Why? The jury believed the testimony of the two victims, who positively identified Jackson as the man who has attack
42、ed them. The court eventually freed Jackson after the police found the man who had really committed the crimes. Jackson was similar in appearance to the guilty man. The two women had made a mistake in identity. As a result, Jackson has lost five years of his life. The two women in this case were eye
43、witnesses. They clearly saw the man who attacked them, yet they mistakenly identified an innocent person. Similar incidents have occurred before. Eyewitnesses to other crimes have identified the wrong person in a police lineup or in photographs. Many factors influence the accuracy of eyewitness test
44、imony. For instance, witnesses sometimes see photographs of several suspects before they try to identify the person they saw in a lineup of people. They can become confused by seeing many photographs or similar faces. The number of people in the lineup, and whether it is a live lineup or a photograp
45、h, may also affect a witnesss decision. People sometimes have difficulty identifying people of other races. The questions the police ask witnesses also have an effect on them. 13. What do we learn about Bernard Jackson? 14. What led directly to Jacksons sentence? 15. What lesson do we learn from Jac
46、ksons case? 13 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 短文开始就提到， Jackson在陪审团错误地宣判他强奸了两名女性后坐牢五年， C是对原文的高度概括，所以选 C。 A、 B无原文依据， D是利用原文 bitter memories制造的干扰项，其中的 childhood则是无中生有。短文开头常设置考点，考生应该留意。 14 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 短文提到，陪审团相信两位受害人的证词，二人均确定地指认Jackson就是侵犯她们的人，所以答案选 D。 A、 C无原文依据；文中并没有提到Jackson的两位好友，因而 B“他两位朋友的证词 ”无从判断。 15 【正确答案】 D
47、 【试题解析】 短文提到，许多因素影响目击证人证词的准确性，并以目击者观看照片为例具体说明。 D与原文表述相同。 A“美国的司法体系仍需改善 ”完全属于主观臆断， B“惊吓过度的受害者几乎无法辨认罪犯 ”中的 Frightened victims无原文依据， C“目击者常常被法官的问题误导 ”则是对原文的误解。 Section C 16 【听力原文】 Ok everyone, thanks for coming today and for your interest in volunteering abroad. For those that dont know much about our
48、company, Time Abroad, let me start by telling you a bit more. Time Abroad is one of the largest volunteer abroad organizations in the UK. The company was founded in 2000. In 2007. the company grew by .joining with another company, PT Travel, making us even larger. In 2014 we sent 10,000 people abroa
49、d on a variety of service projects and internships overseas, more than any other company. All participants receive the best support from our full-time, professional staff to ensure that the experience is safe, worthwhile and fun. We have lots of very experienced staff working for us. We have around 150 staff members, the majority of whom are former volunteers themselves inspired by their own experience. Some of these people are even part of the original groups of volunteers back in the early 90s. About 75 of those staff are not located in the UK at
