1、大学英语六级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷 199及答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 传统中国装饰绳结,也就是我们所说的 中国结 (Chinese knot),是一种典型的中国本土艺术。这是一门独特的传统中国民间手工编织艺术,每个绳结只使用一根线,根据其形状和意义而命名。在中国, “结 ”意味着团结、友谊、和平、温暖和爱情等。中国结经常被用来表达良好的祝愿,包括幸福、繁荣和 友爱(fraternity)。中国结,以其古典的优雅和日新月异的变化,既实用 又富有装饰性,充分体现了中国文化的魅力和深度。 2 从公元前 4000年开始,中国传统绘画已经持续发展了 6 000多年。它
2、的发展不可避免地反映出时代和社会状况的变化。在它的早期发展阶段,中国绘画与其他工艺密切相关,从 陶瓷 (potteries)到 青铜器 (bronzes)和 玉雕(carvedjades)的装饰。中国画不断发展,并根据主题分为三类:人物画、山水画和花鸟画。例如,有的画家擅长画人物肖像,包括 神仙 (immortals)、皇帝和普通人。通 过对像盛宴、 参拜 (worships)和街景这样的场景及活动的描绘,这些艺术家将人们的外貌、表情、思想和宗教信仰都表现出来了。 3 纸的发明对世界文化和国际交流是一个重大的贡献。最早的汉字是刻在动物的骨头或乌龟壳上的。 战国时期 (the Warring S
3、tates Period),文字开始被刻在竹简 (bamboo slips)上。然而,骨头、竹片和木头都非常重,不便于携带。到了西汉时期,当时的 贵族 (noble caste)用的是丝绸或棉花做的 薄纸。这种纸不仅便于书写,还特别适合作画。但是其造价太高,平民百姓根本承受不起。公元 105年,东汉官员蔡伦在学习总结前人造纸方法的基础上发明了一种新型的低成本植物 纤维 (fiber)纸。 4 现在,世界上大约有超过 40个国家种植茶叶,而亚洲国家的产茶量占到了全球的 90。其他国家的茶树都直接或间接地源自中国。许多国家用于指茶叶或者茶水的词都是汉字 “茶 ”的 衍生物 (derivatives
4、)。要想泡一壶好茶,必须要特别注意水的质量、水的温度、茶叶的用量以及 茶壶 (teapot)的类型。喝茶的习惯是公元 6世纪传到日本的,但直到 17到 18世纪才传到欧、美。现在,世界上喝茶的人数众多,并且仍在增加。 5 每年农历第一天开始,持续数周的春节在中国人看来是最宏大、最重要的年度节日,这就好比西方人眼中的圣诞节。为了庆祝家庭团圆,同时也表达了人们对即将到来的春天和百花盛开充满了新的希望,春节的庆祝活动丰富多彩。不同地区和不同民族的人庆祝春节的方式也不一样。除夕之夜,不论身处何方,每个人都会尽量赶回家吃团圆饭。一家人整晚都在一起聊天,看着特别制作的电视节目。为了表示对祖 先的尊敬,有的
5、家庭还会 烧香敬祖 (burn incense and worship the ancestors)。 大学英语六级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷 199答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 【正确答案】 Traditional Chinese decorative knot, also known as Chinese knot, is a typical local art of China. It is a distinctive and traditional Chinese folk handicraft woven separately from one piece
6、 of thread and named according to its shape and meaning. In China, “knot“ means reunion, friendship, peace, warmth, love, etc. Chinese knots are often used to express good wishes, including happiness, prosperity and fraternity. The Chinese knot, with its classic elegance and ever-changing variations
7、, is both practical and ornamental, fully reflecting the grace and depth of Chinese culture. 【试题解析】 1第一句中, “也就是我们所说的中国结 ”译为插入语,即 also known as Chinese knot。 2第二句中, “根据 ”可译为 according to或 in accordance with。 3第四句中, “包括 ” 可直接翻译为 including引导的介词短语即可。 4最后一句中, “以其古典的优雅和日新月异的变化 ”翻译为 with引导的伴随状语,即 with its
8、classic elegance andever-changing variations。 【知识模块】 汉译英 2 【正确答案】 Starting around 4000 B. C. , traditional Chinese painting has developed continuously over a period of more than 6,000 years. Its growth has inevitably reflected the changes of times and social conditions. In its early stage of develop
9、ment, Chinese painting was closely related to other crafts, from potteries to the decorations used on the bronzes and carved jades. Chinese painting develops all the time, and is classified by theme into three genres: figure paintings, landscape paintings and bird-and-flower paintings. For instance,
10、 some painters are specialized in painting portraits with images of immortals, emperors and common people included in their works. Through their depictions of such scenes and activities as feasts, worships and street scenes, these artists reflect the appearances, expressions, ideas, and religious be
11、liefs of the people. 【试题解析】 1第一句中, “已经持续发展了 6 000多年 ”翻译时应使用现在完成时。 2第二句中, “时代和社会状况的变化 ”可译为 the changes of times and social conditions。 3第三句中, “从陶瓷到青铜器和玉雕的装饰 ”翻译时可以使用 fromto 结构,其中 “青铜器和玉雕的装饰 ”可以译作过去分词短语作定语的形式,即: from potteries to the decorations used on the bronzes and carved jades。 4第四句中, “根据主题分为 ” 可
12、以译为 is classified by theme into 。 5最后一句中,虽然句子较长,但其结构简单,只需根据中文顺序翻译即可。 【知识模块】 汉译英 3 【正确答案】 The invention of paper making is a great contribution to the worlds cultural development and international communication. The earliest Chinese characters were carved on animals bones or tortoises shells. During
13、the Warring States Period, bamboo slips were used instead. However, bones, bamboo slips and woods were too heavy to carry. During the Western Han Dynasty, the noble caste wrote on thin paper made of silk or cotton. Its easy to write and even excellent to paint on this kind of paper. However, it was
14、so expensive that the civilians couldnt afford it. In 105 A. D. , Cai Lun, a high-ranking official in the Eastern Han Dynasty, learned from the old way of paper making and invented a new cheap plant fiber paper. 【试题解析】 1第一句中, “对 是一个重 大的贡献 ”翻译为 a great contribution to 。 2第二句中, “刻在 上 ”译为 were carved o
15、n 。 3第三句中, “文字开始被刻在竹简上 ”的句子结构和上一句相同,翻译时可以用instead代替相同的句子结构。 4第四句中, “非常重,不便于携带 ”可以理解为 “太重了以至于无法携带 ”,所以可使用 tooto 句型。 5最后一句中, “在学习总结 发明了 ”可以翻译为两个并列的谓语,即learned from和 invented。 【知识模块】 汉译英 4 【正确答案】 At present, more than 40 countries in the world grow tea, with Asian countries accounting for 90% of the wo
16、rlds total output. The origin of all tea trees in other countries, either directly or indirectly, is China. The words for tea leaves or tea as a drink in many countries are derivatives from the Chinese character “ cka“. To make a good pot of tea, special attention must be paid to the water quality,
17、water temperature, the amount of tea leaves used and the type of teapot. The habit of drinking tea was spread to Japan in 6 A. D. , but was not introduced to Europe and America until the 17th and 18th centuries. Now, the number of tea drinkers in the world is large and still increasing. 【试题解析】 1第一句中
18、, “而亚洲国家的产茶量占到了全球的 90 ”可翻译为with引导的伴随状语。 2第二句中, “都直接或间接 地 ”是修饰句子谓语 “源自 ”的,可放在动词之前,译为 either directly or indirectly。 3第三句中, “ 的衍生物 ”翻译为 are derivatives from 。 4第四句中, “要想泡一壶好茶 ”表目的,翻译为 To make a good pot of tea。 5第五句中, “传到 ”就是 “被引进到 ”的意思,故翻译为 was introduced to 。 【知识模块】 汉译英 5 【正确答案】 Each year, held on t
19、he first day of the lunar calendar and lasting for weeks, the Spring Festival is regarded by the Chinese people as the grandest and most important annual festival, which is similar to the Christmas Day for Westerners. In order to celebrate family reunion, also express new hopes with the advent of sp
20、ring and flowers blossoming, Spring Festival is full of rich and colorful celebration activities. People from different regions and nationalities celebrate it in their unique ways. On New Years Eve, no matter where he is, every member will try his best to come back home to enjoy the family reunion.
21、Family members chat and watch special TV programs all night. To show respect for their ancestors, some families burn incense and worship the ancestors. 【试题解析】 1第一句中,主语是 “春节 ”, “在 看来是 ” 可译为固定搭配 be regarded byas 。 2第二句中,因为汉语是讲求意合的,所以没有主语,可是在英语表达中,主语不可或缺,所以根据句意,需添加 SpringFestival作主语。 3第三句中,因为 “春节 ”在前文已经出现过很多次了,本句中可以用 it来替代。 4第四句中, “不论 ” 可以译作 no matter 引导的状语从句,后半句处理为主句。 5第六句中, “为了 ” 表目的,这里可以用 In order to 表示,亦可直接用To 。 【知识模块】 汉译英