1、大学英语六级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷 222及答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 受到中国经济内部 动力 (dynamics)和外来压力的共同影响,人民币近几年来不断 升值 (appreciate)。内部影响主要有中国物价水平、通货膨胀状况、经济增长状况以及利率水平,外部影响主要来自发达国家施加的压力,尤其是日本和美国。人民币升值会增加人民币的购买力,扩大国内消费者对进口产品的需求,还可以减轻进口能源和原料的成本负担。但它会影响国内金融市场的稳 定,使出口产品的成本上升,从而降低中国产品在国际市场上的竞争力。 2 “西部大开发 ”(Western Development
2、)是中国促进经济发展的一项重要政策。自从实行改革开放的政策以来,尤其是中国东南沿海城市的 经济特区(special economic zone)设立以来。中国经济发展迅速。然而,由于位置偏远、交通落后、与其他地区交流不足。中国西部地区在经济、文化、人民生活水平等方面不够发达。为了解决地区间发展的不平衡,中国开展了 “西部大开发 ”运动。在引进人才和投资 等方面给予西部地区 优惠 (preferential)政策。目前 “西部大开发 ”的成就显著,东西部地区的差距正逐渐缩小。 3 五四运动 (the May Fourth Movement)是 1919年 5月 4日发生的一场 反帝反封建 (an
3、ti-imperialist, anti-feudal)的政治文化运动。这次运动以北京为中心,很快扩大到上海、天津、青岛等许多城市。五四运动是以青年学生为主力,市民、商人和工人等广泛参与的一次爱国运动。他们通过示威游行、罢工等各种活动来 抗议软弱的政府,要求恢复国家 主权 (sovereignty)。五四运动对中国的政治、文化、教育,以及 中国共产党 (the Communist Party of China)的发展有着重要的作用。为了纪念这次运动,中华人民共和国成立后正式宣布 5月 4日为中国青年节 (the Chinese Youth Day)。 4 中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。有着悠久
4、的历史和灿烂的文化。中国在夏朝时开始进入了文明时代。创造了辉煌的科技和文化。指南针、火药、造纸术、印刷术是中国 古代的四大发明,对世界文明和人类的进步做出了极大的贡献。中国的丝绸之路 (the Silk Road)世界上最古老的贸易通道 极大地促进了东西方文化的交流。长城、京杭 大运河 (grand canal)被誉为世界工程奇迹。此外,中国有着丰富多彩的传统文化和民间艺术,例如京剧、剪纸、风筝、 刺绣(embroidery)、 皮影戏 (shadow play)等。 5 红包 (red envelope)在中国传统文化中指春节时长辈给小孩的作 为礼物的钱。红包的主要意义在于红色,因为它象征好
5、运和祝福。此外,还有一种红包是由晚辈送给老人的。意在期盼老人长寿。现在的红包泛指包着钱的红色包装,用于喜庆时的馈赠礼金,如婚礼和新店开张等。有时也指 奖金 (bonus)或贿赂他人的钱。送红包和收红包是中国人的传统习俗,展现了中国人 礼尚往来 (reciprocal courtesy)的人际关系。世界上凡是有华人的地方,红包文化都赫然存在。 大学英语六级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷 222答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 【正确答案】 Influenced jointly by internal dynamics of Chinese economy and extern
6、al pressures, RMB has appreciated constantly in recent years. The internal influences mainly include Chinas price level, the situations of inflation and economic growth, as well as interest rate level, while the external influences mainly come from the pressures exerted by developed countries, Japan
7、 and America in particular. The appreciation of RMB will not only increase its purchasing power and expand domestic consumers demands for imported goods, but also alleviate the cost burden of imported energies and raw materials. However, it may affect the stability of the domestic financial market a
8、nd raise the cost of exported products, which would reduce the competitive power of Chinese products in the global market. 【试题解析】 1第一句 “人民币近几年来不断升值 ”,时态要采用现在完成时,表示已经发生并且还在持续。 “受到 的共同影响 ”可采用过去分词作状语,译为 influenced jointly by 。 2第二句由两部分组成,第一部分叙述内部影响,第二部分叙述外部影响,可用while进行连接,表示对比。修饰 “压力 ”的定语 “来自发达国家施加的 ”较长
9、,可后置用过去分词 exerted by developed countries表达,也可译为定语从句 which are exerted by 。 3在 “人民币升值会增加 能源和原料的成本负担 ”中,主语为 “人民币升值 ”,谓语动词有三个: “增加 ”、 “扩大 ”和 “减轻 ”,可以用 not onlybut also 衔接,体现隐含的递进关系。 4最后一句由三个分句组成。其中 “从而降低 ” 可以理解成前面内容造成的结果,因此在翻译时可以将此层逻辑关系表达出来,用 which引导的非限制性定语从句补充说明结果。 【知识模块】 段落翻译 2 【正确答案】 Western Develop
10、ment is an important policy of China aiming at promoting economic development. Since China adopted the reform and opening-up policy, and especially since the special economic zones were set up in the coastal cities in southeast China, the Chinese economy has grown rapidly. However, owing to its remo
11、te location, backward transportation, and insufficient exchange with other regions, western China is less developed in its economy, culture and peoples living standard. In order to tackle the unbalanced development among regions, China has launched the campaign of Western Development, offering prefe
12、rential policies to the west in many aspects such as introduction of talents and investment. Now the campaign of Western Development has made remarkable achievements, gradually narrowing the gap between the east and the west. 【试题解析】 1第一句中的定语 “促进经济发展的 ”较长,故将其处理为后置定语,修饰 “重要政策 ”,翻译时,可译为现在分词短语或定语从句,此外 “
13、促进经济发展 ”是该项政策的目的,因此宜增译短语 aim at,译作 aiming at promoting economic development或 which aims at 。 2第二句 “自从 以来,尤其是 ” 为并列的两个分句, 因此可考虑将其翻译为两个由 since引导的时间状语从句 Since China adopted , and especially since the special economic zones were 注意 since引导的从句要用一般过去时,主句使用现在完成时。 3翻译第三句的 “由于 中国西部地区 ” 时,可使用 owing to 结构表达 “由
14、于 ” ,而 “位置偏远、交通落后、与其他地区交流不足 ”为三个并列的原因,可用并列结构进行直译。 “在 方面不够发达 ”可译作 be less developed in 4倒数第二句的 “为了解决地区间发展的不平衡 ”表目的,故将其译作目的状语 m order to 后两个分句可直译为 and连接的并列句。但这样处理句子结构松散,稍显平淡,不如选 “中国开展了 运动 ”作为主句,将 “在引进人才和投资等方面给予 ” 处理为现在分词短语 offering preferential policies来得地道和有层次感。 【知识模块】 段落翻译 3 【正确答案】 The May Fourth Mo
15、vement, which took place on May 4, 1919, was an anti-imperialist, anti-feudal, political and cultural movement. The movement was centered in Beijing, and soon spread to Shanghai, Tianjin, Qingdao and many other cities. It was a patriotic movement with broad participation by citizens, businessmen and
16、 workers, in which young students served as the main force. They took various activities, such as demonstration and strike, to protest the weak government and claim to recover the national sovereignty. The May Fourth Movement played a significant role in Chinese politics, culture, education as well
17、as the development of the Communist Party of China. In order to commemorate this movement, the May 4 was officially announced as the Chinese Youth Day after the founding of Peoples Republic of China. 【试题解析】 1第一句中的 “一场反帝反封建的政治文化运动 ”修饰语很长,可一一对应地翻译成形容词,并列作定语,即 an anti-imperialist, anti-feudal,political
18、 and cultural movement。 2翻译第三句 “五四运动是以青年学生 ” 时,可将 “是一次爱国运动 ”作为句子主干, “市民、商人和工人等广泛参与的 ”处理成 with broad participation by 修饰 “爱国运动 (patriotic movement)”, “以青年学生为主力 ”则使用 in which引导的定语从句来表达。 3 “抗议软弱的政府,要求恢复国家主权 ”是举行各种活动的最终目的,可使用不定式来表达,译为 to protest the weak government and claim to recover the national sove
19、reignty。 4最后一句中的 “中华人民共和国成立后正式宣布 5月 4日为中国青年节 ”,汉语原文中没有主语,翻译时可采用被动语态。 【知识模块】 段落翻译 4 【正确答案】 As one of the oldest civilizations of the world, China has a long history and brilliant culture. After entering the era of civilization in the Xia Dynasty, China created glorious science and culture. The compas
20、s, gunpowder, paper-making and printing are considered to be the four great inventions of ancient China, which have contributed immensely to the civilization of the world and the progress of mankind. The Silk Road of China, the oldest trade route in the world, largely promoted the cultural exchange
21、between the East and the West. The Great Wall and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal are honored as the engineering wonders in the world. Besides, China has colorful traditional culture and folk arts such as Beijing Opera, paper-cutting, kite, embroidery and shadow play. 【试题解析】 1第一个句子的主语是 “中国 ”,后面跟着两个
22、并列的谓语 “是 ”和“有着 ”,翻译时可将 “中国有着悠久的历史 ” 译为主句,将 “是 之一 ”译为“as+名词短语 ”结构,即 as one of the,放在句首。 2第二句的主干可理解为 “中国创造了 ” ;将 “中国在夏朝时开始进入了文明时代 ”作为时间状语处理,采用 “after+动名词 ”结构来表达,译为 After entering the era of civilization in the Xia Dynasty。 3翻译 “指南针、 火药、造纸术、印刷术是 ” 这句话时,可使用 which引导的非限制性定语从句来说明四大发明的贡献。 4翻译 “长城、京杭大运河被誉为世界
23、工程奇迹 ”时需使用被动语态, “被誉为 ” 可译作 be honored as, be praised as , be known as。 【知识模块】 段落翻译 5 【正确答案】 In traditional Chinese culture, red envelope refers to a monetary gift which is given to children by the elder generation during the Spring Festival. The significance of red envelope lies in the red color, wh
24、ich symbolizes good luck and blessings. In addition, there is another type of red envelope presented by the younger generation to the elder generation, which reflects the wish of longevity for the elder generation. In a broad sense, the present red envelope refers to the red packet that contains mon
25、ey presented on some joyous occasions, for example, weddings and opening of new stores and so on. Sometimes, it also refers to the money of bonus or bribery. Presenting and receiving the red envelope is a traditional custom of Chinese, which displays an interpersonal relationship of reciprocal court
26、esy among Chinese. The red envelope culture exists obviously in places where Chinese people reside. 【试题解析】 1第一句的主干结构为 “红包指 (作为礼物的 )钱 ”,译为 red envelope refers to a monetary gift; “长辈给小孩的 ”是修饰 “(作为礼物的 )钱 ”的定语,可以用 which引导的定语从句来表达。 2第三句 “还有一种红包 ”是典型的汉语无主语句式,在翻译时可采用 there be句型; “由晚辈送给老人 ”可作为修饰 “红包 ”的后置定语,用过去分词短语 presented by 衔接; “意在期盼老人长寿 ”可使用 which引导的非限制性定语从句来表达,补充说明这种红包的意义。 3 “现在的红包泛指包着钱的红色包装 ”的主干为 “红包泛指红色包装 ”, “包着钱的 ”可用 that引导的定语从句来表达; “用于喜庆时的馈赠礼金 ”可接在定语从句后,使用过去分词短语作定语 presented on some joyous occasions。 4 “有华人的地方 ”即 “华人居住的地方 ”,可以用关系副词 where引导的定语从句修饰 places“地方 ”。 【知识模块】 段落翻译