1、大学英语六级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷 286及答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 粮食安全 (grain security)是指要确保所有需要的人都能获得粮食。日益严峻的气候危机是粮食安全面临的最大挑战。中国是粮食生产大国和 人口大国(populous country),粮食安全正面临着危机。中国 城镇化 (urbanization)加速发展导致 耕地 (arable land)面积减少,大量农村劳动力从事非农业工作,因 此很难进一步增加粮食产量。此外,人口老龄化导致农村劳动力缺乏,也给粮食产量增加带来了难度。因此,中国政府应该高度重视粮食安全,保护粮食生产。确保粮食供
2、求平衡。 2 西湖 (West Lake)位于浙江省杭州市西部,是 江南 (south of the Yangtze River)三大名湖之一。它三面环山,湖区内有大量的寺庙、 古塔(pagoda)、园林和人造岛,它是中国园林设计师的重要灵感来源。西湖景区拥有美丽的自然风光和 历史古迹 (historic relic),深刻影响了中国历史上的诗人和画家。 “三潭印月 ”(Three Pools Mirroring the Moon)的景观出现在壹圆纸币的背面,体现着西湖在中国悠久文化中的重要地位。 2011年西湖凭借独特的风光和大量杰出的文化景观而入选世界文化遗产。 3 黄果树瀑布 (Huan
3、gguoshu Waterfall)享有 “中华第一瀑 ”之盛誉,是亚洲最大的瀑布,也是世界上最壮观的瀑布之一。它位于贵州省安顺市的白水河上。黄果树瀑布是以当地一种常见的植物 “黄果树 ”而得名 ,以其壮阔、密集的瀑布群而闻名。早在明朝的时候,著名地理学家徐霞客就对黄果树瀑布有过赞美。黄果树大瀑布高度为 77 8米,宽 101米,其中主瀑高 67米,顶宽 83 3米,是世界上唯一可以从各个方位观赏的瀑布。 1999年被 吉尼斯 (Guinness)总部评为世界上最大的瀑布群。 4 丽江古城 (the Old Town of Lijiang)位于中国云南省丽江市,始建于南宋末年,至今已有八百多年
4、的历史。丽江古城地处战略要地,古时候商旅活动频繁,是 茶马古道 (the Ancient Tea Home Road)上的重镇。丽江古城没有城墙,古城内的建筑融合了多种文化元素,展现了汉族、白族、藏族以及纳西族的建筑特点。古城拥有古老的供水系统,至今仍有效地发挥着作用。 水系 (waterway)上有三百多座桥,均建于明清时期。现在,纳西族的传统文化 东巴(Dongba)化,如文字、绘画、舞蹈和音乐成为丽江古城旅游的焦点。 5 中国政府宣布每年的 8月 8日为 “全民健身日 ”(National Fitness Day),推动全民健身。这一 举动不仅在全国范围内普及了健康理念,还使人们锻炼的方
5、式更加多样化。每天早晨,喜欢户外运动的老年人会 聚集 (congregate)在公园里锻炼身体,如打 太极拳 (tai chi)、 跳彩带舞 (ribbon dancing)等。公园里那些低冲击力的公共健身器材和新鲜的空气十分适合他们。相反,年轻人则发起了一股室内健身热潮。比起户外活动,他们更喜欢选择华丽的健身房。在他们看来,健身房既时尚又充满动感。 大学英语六级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷 286答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 【正确答案】 Grain security refers to the assurance that grain is available t
6、o all those in need. The increasingly serious climate crisis is the greatest challenge to grain security. As a large grain producer and a populous country, China is confronting the crisis of grain security. It is difficult to further increase grain output as the rapid urbanization in China has led t
7、o a decline in arable land areas and a large number of rural labor forces taking non-agricultural jobs. In addiction, an aging population contributes to the shortage of rural labor forces, which also brings difficulties to the increase in grain output. Therefore, Chinese government should give top p
8、riority to grain security and protect grain production to guarantee the balance between grain supply and demand. 【试题解析】 1在第三句 “中国是粮食生产大国 ” 中,仔细分析可知语义重点在第二个分句,故可把它处理成主句,而第一个分句 “中国是粮食生产大国和人口大国 ”可使用 “as+介词短语 ”结构,译成 as a large grain producer and a populous country。 “粮食生产大国 ”不必逐字翻译,可意译为 a large grain pro
9、ducer。 2第四句 “中国城镇化加速发展导致耕地面积减少 ” 中表原因的前两个分句太长,可提炼出主干 “ 导致 ” ,故把 “中国城镇化加速发展 ”译为名词短语 the rapid urbanization in China,作句子的主语。 “耕地面积减少 ”和 “大量农村劳动力从事非农业工作 ”也译作名词性短语,作句子的宾语,这样句子更显简洁。 3倒数第二句 “人口老龄化导致 ” 中的最后一个分句可处理成非限制性定语从句,用 which also brings(difficulties to the increase in gram output来表达使分句之间语义关联更紧凑。 4最后一
10、句是中文短句多的典型代表句,仔细分析可发现 “高度重视粮食安全 ”和“保护粮食生产 ”是并列的动作,而 “确保粮食供求平衡 ”表目的,故把前两个分句处理成主句,最后一个分句处理成目的状语,译作 give top priority to grain security and protect grain production to guarantee the balance between grain supply and demand。 【知识模块】 段落翻译 2 【正确答案】 West Lake, located in the western area of Hangzhou, Zhejian
11、g Province is one of the three famous lakes in the south of the Yangtze River. It is surrounded by mountains on three sides. There are numerous temples, pagodas, gardens, and artificial islands within the lake area, which make it an important source of inspiration for Chinese garden designers. West
12、Lake has deeply influenced poets and painters throughout Chinas history for its natural beauty and historic relics. The scenery of the “Three Pools Mirroring the Moon“ is printed on the back of the one-yuan note, which reflects the significance of West Lake in the ancient Chinese culture. In 2011, W
13、est Lake was selected as a World Cultural Heritage Site for its distinctive scenery and large number of outstanding cultural sites. 【试题解析】 1第二句中 “三面环山 ”可使用被动语态 be surrounded by mountains on three sides; “湖区内有大量的寺庙、古塔、园林和人造岛,它是中国园林设计师的重要灵感来源 ”中可使用 there be句型说明 “湖区内有 ” ,后面可接 which引导的非限制性定语从句来表达 “它是中国园
14、林设计师的重要灵感来源 ”。 2第三句 “西湖景区拥有 ” 较长,先确定 “西湖深刻影响了诗人和画家 ”为英文句主干: West Lake has deeply influenced 。 “中国历史 上的 ”可译为介词短语throughout Chinas history,修饰 “诗人和画家 ”。 “拥有美丽的自然风光和历史古迹 ”是 “影响诗人和画家 ”的原因,可用表原因的介词 for来表达。这样对语序进行调整,将两个分句合并为一个长句,更符合英语表达习惯。 3在 “三潭印月 的景观出现在壹圆纸币的背面,体现着西湖在中国悠久文化中的重要地位 ”中,可将第一个分句作为主句,后面跟 which引
15、导的非限制性定语从句。说明西湖的地位。 【知识模块】 段落翻译 3 【正确答案】 Huangguoshu Waterfall is crowned as the “No. 1 Waterfall in China“. It is the largest waterfall in Asia and also ranked as one of the most spectacular waterfalls all over the world. Located on Baishui River in Anshun City of Guizhou Province, Huangguoshu Wate
16、rfall got its name from a local plant, namely, the Yellow Fruit Tree. It is famous for its grand and densely-distributed waterfall clusters. As early as in the Ming Dynasty, Huangguoshu Waterfall won high praise from the well-known geologist Xu Xiake. It is 77.8 meters high and 101 meters wide, with
17、 the main waterfall 67 meters high and 83.3 meters wide on the top. It is the only waterfall that can be appreciated from different directions. Huangguoshu Waterfall was rated as the worlds largest waterfall clusters by the Guinness headquarter in 1999. 【试题解析】 1 “享有 之盛誉 ”可用 be crowned as来表达,比使用 be r
18、egarded as更有褒奖之意。 2第二句 “它位于贵州省安顺市的白水河上 ”句子较短,翻译时可与下一句相结合,使用过去分词短语 located on Baishui River in Anshun City of Guizhou Province作状语,表明瀑布所在的位置,使译文更紧凑。 3第四句中 的 “早在明朝的时候 ”译作 as early as in the Ming dynasty。 “著名地理学家徐霞客就对黄果树有过赞美 ”,可按汉语句式直译为 the well-known geologist Xu Xiake gave it high praise,但如将主语转换成 “黄果树
19、瀑布 ”,译作Huangguoshu Waterfall won high praise from the well-known geologist Xu Xiake。则使全文描写的视角更为统一。 4 “黄果树大瀑布高度为 77 8米, 宽 101米,其中主瀑高 67米,顶宽 83 3米 ”一句对 “黄果树大瀑布 ”和 “主瀑 ”的介绍结构类似,为避免句型重复,对 “主瀑 ”的介绍可使用介词 with引导复合短语来表达: with the main waterfall 67 meters high and 83 3 meters wide。 【知识模块】 段落翻译 4 【正确答案】 The O
20、ld Town of Lijiang, located in Lijiang City, Yunnan Province of China, was originally built in the late Southern Song Dynasty, with a history of more than 800 years. In a strategic site, the Old Town of Lijiang was an important town along the the Ancient Tea Horse Road owing to the frequent business
21、 activities during ancient times. The Old Town of Lyiang has no city wall, and its architecture blends various elements from different cultures, showing the features of the Han, Bai, Tibetan and the Naxi ethnic groups. The Old Town has an ancient water-supply system which still functions effectively
22、 today. There are more than 300 bridges above the waterways, all of which were built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Now Dongba culture, the traditional culture of the Naxi, such as characters, paintings, dance as well as music, has become the focus of tourism in the Old Town of Lijiang. 【试题解析】 1在第一
23、句话中,有三个谓语动词 “位于 ”、 “始建于 ”和 “有 ”,英文翻译时可将 “位于中国云南省丽江市 ”作为插入语。放在 “丽江古城 ”后面; “至今已有八百多年的历史 ”用 “介词 with+名词短语 ”结构来表达,这样译文只突出一个谓语动词 “始建于 ”,更简洁,主次更分明。 2第二句有三个分旬,在翻译时,将 “丽江古城地处战略要地 ”用短语 in a strategic site表达,作状语。 “古时候商旅活动频繁,是茶马古 道上的重镇 ”,这两个分句存在隐含的因果关系,在译成英文时应加上 owing to。使英文更加流畅地道。 3翻译 “ 古城内的建筑融合了多种文化元素,展现了汉族、
24、白族、藏族以及纳西族的建筑特点 ”这一句时,以 “融合了 ”作为谓语。 “展现 ”这一动词译成现在分词形式作为伴随状语,符合英文常用表达习惯。 4 “水系上有三百多座桥,均建于明清时期 ”这一句中,有两个分句,两个谓语动词;第二个分句可用 which引导的非限制性定语从句表达,让两句连接紧凑。 【知识模块】 段落翻译 5 【正确答案】 The Chinese government announced the annual August 8 as the “National Fitness Day“ to promote physical activities throughout the co
25、untry. This move not only popularizes the concept of keeping fit around the nation, but also diversifies the methods of taking exercise. Every morning, senior citizens who are in favor of outdoor activities congregate in the park to do exercise, such as tai chi, ribbon dancing, and the like. Low-imp
26、act public fitness facilities and fresh air in the park suit them well. On the contrary, young people initiate an indoor fitness fad. They prefer fancy gyms to outdoor activities. In their eyes, fancy gyms are not only fashionable but also dynamic. 【试题解析】 1首句中的 “中国政府宣布 8月 8日为 全民健身日 ”, “宣布 为 ” 可译为 an
27、nounceas 句型。 “推动全民健身 ”是宣布全民健身日的目的,可译成 to promote physical activities throughout the country,作目的状语。 2第二句含有词组 “不仅 还 ” ,其对应短语为 not onlybut also 。 “使人们锻炼的方式更加多样化 ”中的 “多样化 ”可译为动词的形式,即 diversifies the methods of taking exercise。 3第三句中的 “喜欢户外运动的老年人 ”, “喜欢 ”一词译成 favor会比 like更形象,该词含有 “偏爱 ”之意。这里可把 “喜欢户外运动 ”译为定语从句 who are in favor of outdoor activities,修饰 “老年人 ”senior citizens。 4 “比起户外活动,他们更喜欢选择华丽的健身房。 ”这句话含有对比关系,使用词组 preferto 使译文显得更加简洁明了。 【知识模块】 段落翻译