[外语类试卷]大学英语六级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷66及答案与解析.doc
《[外语类试卷]大学英语六级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷66及答案与解析.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《[外语类试卷]大学英语六级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷66及答案与解析.doc(19页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、大学英语六级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷 66及答案与解析 Section B 0 Less News, Much Better A)In the past few decades, the fortunate among us have recognized the hazards of living with an overabundance of food(obesity, diabetes)and have started to change our diets. But most of us do not yet understand that news is to the mind w
2、hat sugar is to the body. News is easy to digest. The media feeds us small bites of trivial matter, tidbits that dont really concern our lives and dont require thinking. Thats why we experience almost no saturation. Unlike reading books and long magazine articles(which require thinking), we can swal
3、low limitless quantities of news flashes, which are bright-colored candies for the mind. Today, we have reached the same point in relation to information that we faced 20 years ago in regard to food. We are beginning to recognize how toxic news can be. B)News misleads. Take the following event(borro
4、wed from Nassim Taleb). A car drives over a bridge, and the bridge collapses. What does the news media focus on? The car? The person in the car? Where did he come from? Where did he plan to go? How he experienced the crash(if he survived). But that is all irrelevant. What s relevant? The structural
5、stability of the bridge? Thats the underlying risk that has been lurking, and could lurk in other bridges. C)But the car is flashy, its dramatic, its a person(non-abstract), and its news that s cheap to produce. News leads us to walk around with the completely wrong risk map in our heads. So terrori
6、sm is over-rated. Chronic stress is under-rated. The collapse of Lehman Brothers is overrated. Fiscal irresponsibility is under-rated. Astronauts are over-rated. Nurses are under-rated. D)We are not rational enough to be exposed to the press. Watching an airplane crash on television is going to chan
7、ge your attitude toward that risk, regardless of its real probability. If you think you can compensate with the strength of your own inner contemplation, you are wrong. Bankers and economists who have powerful incentives to compensate for news-borne hazards have shown that they cannot. The only solu
8、tion: cut yourself off from news consumption entirely. E)News is irrelevant. Out of the approximately 10,000 news stories you have read in the last 12 months, name one that because you consumed it allowed you to make a better decision about a serious matter affecting your life, your career or your b
9、usiness. F)The point is: the consumption of news is irrelevant to you. But people find it very difficult to recognize whats relevant. Its much easier to recognize whats new. The relevant versus the new is the fundamental battle of the current age. Media organizations want you to believe that news of
10、fers you some sort of a competitive advantage. Many fall for that. We get anxious when we re cut off from the flow of news. In reality, news consumption is a competitive disadvantage. The less news you consume, the bigger the advantage you have. G)News has no explanatory power. News items are bubble
11、s popping on the surface of a deeper world. Will accumulating facts help you understand the world? Sadly, no. The relationship is inverted. The important stories are non-stories: slow, powerful movements that develop below journalists radar but have a transforming effect. The more “news factoids“ yo
12、u digest, the less of the big picture you will understand. If more information leads to higher economic success, we d expect journalists to be at the top of the pyramid. Thats not the case. H)News is toxic to your body. It constantly triggers the limbic system. Panicky stories spur the release of ca
13、scades of glucocorticoid(Cortisol). This deregulates your immune system and inhibits the release of growth hormones. In other words, your body finds itself in a state of chronic stress. High glucocorticoid levels cause impaired digestion, lack of growth(cell, hair, and bone), nervousness and suscept
14、ibility to infections. The other potential side-effects include fear, aggression, tunnel-vision and desensitisation. I)News increases cognitive errors. News feeds the mother of all cognitive errors: confirmation bias. In the words of Warren Buffett: “What the human being is best at doing is interpre
15、ting all new information so that their prior conclusions remain intact.“ News exacerbates this flaw. We become prone to overconfidence, take stupid risks and misjudge opportunities. J)News inhibits thinking. Thinking requires concentration. Concentration requires uninterrupted time. News pieces are
16、specifically engineered to interrupt you. They are like viruses that steal attention for their own purposes. News makes us shallow thinkers. But it s worse than that. News severely affects memory. K)There are two types of memory. Long-range memorys capacity is nearly infinite, but working memory is
17、limited to a certain amount of slippery data. The path from short-term to long-term memory is a choke-point in the brain, but anything you want to understand must pass through it. If this passageway is disrupted, nothing gets through. Because news disrupts concentration, it weakens comprehension. L)
18、News works like a drug. As stories develop, we want to know how they continue. With hundreds of arbitrary storylines in our heads, this craving is increasingly compelling and hard to ignore. Scientists used to think that the dense connections formed among the 100 billion neurons inside our skulls we
19、re largely fixed by the time we reached adulthood. Today we know that this is not the case. Nerve cells routinely break old connections and form new ones. M)The more news we consume, the more we exercise the neural circuits devoted to skimming and multitasking while ignoring those used for reading d
20、eeply and thinking with profound focus. Most news consumers even if they used to be avid book readershave lost the ability to absorb lengthy articles or books. After four, five pages they get tired, their concentration vanishes, they become restless. It s not because they got older or their schedule
21、s became more onerous. It s because the physical structure of their brains has changed. N)News wastes time. If you read the newspaper for 15 minutes each morning, then check the news for 15 minutes during lunch and 15 minutes before you go to bed, then add five minutes here and there when youre at w
22、ork, then count distraction and refocusing time, you will lose at least half a day every week. Information is no longer a scarce commodity. But attention is. You are not that irresponsible with your money, reputation or health. Why give away your mind? O)News makes us passive. News stories are overw
23、helmingly about things you cannot influence. The daily repetition of news about things we can t act upon makes us passive. It grinds us down until we adopt a worldview that is pessimistic, desensitized, sarcastic and fatalistic. The scientific term is “learned helplessness“. Its a bit of a stretch,
24、but I would not be surprised if news consumption, at least partially contributes to the widespread disease of depression. P)News kills creativity. Finally, things we already know limit our creativity. This is one reason that mathematicians, novelists, composers and entrepreneurs often produce their
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
本资源只提供5页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
2000 积分 0人已下载
下载 | 加入VIP,交流精品资源 |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 外语类 试卷 大学 英语六级 改革 适用 阅读 模拟 66 答案 解析 DOC
