1、大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 86及答案与解析 Section C 0 The United States is one of the few countries in the world that has an official day on which fathers are honored by their children. Fathers Day is on the third Sunday in June. On that day, fathers all across the United States are given presents, treated to din
2、ner, send greeting cards, or other ways to make special. The origin of Father s Day is not clear. Some say that it began with a church service in West Virginia in 1908. Others say the first Fathers Day ceremony was held in Vancouver, Washington. The president of the Chicago branch of the Lions Club,
3、 Harry Meek, is said to have celebrated the first Fathers Day with his organization in 1915; and the day that they chose was the third Sunday in June, the closest date to Meek s own birthday! Regardless of when the first true Father s Day occurred, the strongest promoter of the holiday was Mrs. Bruc
4、e John Dodd of Spokane, Washington. Mrs. Dodd felt that she had an outstanding father. He was a veteran of the Civil War. His wife had died young, and he had raised six children without their mother. In 1909, Mrs. Dodd approached her own minister and others in Spokane about having a church service d
5、edicated to fathers on June 5, her fathers birthday. That date was too soon for her minister to prepare the service, so he spoke a few weeks later on June 19th. From then on, the state of Washington celebrated the third Sunday in June as Father s Day. Children made special desserts, or visited their
6、 fathers if they lived apart. States and organizations began lobbying Congress to declare an annual Fathers Day. In 1916, President Woodrow Wilson approved of this idea, but it was not until 1924 when President Calvin Coolidge made it a national event to “establish more intimate relations between fa
7、thers and their children and to impress upon fathers the full measure of their obligations.“ Since then, fathers had been honored and recognized by their families throughout the country on the third Sunday in June. When children can t visit their fathers or take them out to dinner, they always send
8、a greeting card. Traditionally, fathers prefer to greeting cards that are not too sentimental. Most greeting cards are whimsical, so fathers laugh when they open them. Some give heartfelt thanks for being there whenever the child needed Dad. Receiving cards prepared heartily by their children, Fathe
9、rs are very happy on that day. With the development of society and culture, Father s Day has become a day to not only honor your father, but all men who act as a father figure. Stepfathers, uncles, grandfathers, and adult male friends are all honored on Father s Day. 1 Which of the following stateme
10、nt about the origin of Father s Day is Not True? （ A） It may begin with a church ceremony in West Virginia in 1908. （ B） The origin of Father s Day is not determinate. （ C） The first Father s Day was celebrated in 1916 in New York. （ D） It is said that Harry Meek have celebrated the first Father s D
11、ay in 1915. 2 Which of the following sentence about Father s Day is true? （ A） Father s Day is held on the third Saturday in June. （ B） Fathers Day started to be celebrated nationwide by Americans in 1916. （ C） President Washington approved of the idea of Fathers Day. （ D） Father s Day has been prom
12、oted by Mrs. Dodd. 3 These are the ways to celebrate Father s Day except_. （ A） giving presents to fathers （ B） fathers are allowed not to go to work （ C） sending a greeting card （ D） fathers are treated to dinner 4 What can we learn from the last paragraph? （ A） Nowadays, people don t pay attention
13、 to Father s Day. （ B） Fathers don t like Father s Day. （ C） More men apart from fathers want to be honored. （ D） The meaning of Fathers Day is becoming more abundant. 5 What is the main idea of this passage? （ A） Few countries celebrate Fathers Day. （ B） The origin and celebrated ways of Fathers Da
14、y in America. （ C） The ways to celebrate Father s Day. （ D） The significance of Fathers Day. 5 Nowadays, computer is becoming more and more widely used. But people are not that familiar with knowledge of computer. How to operate computers still requires much devotion. Computer people talk a lot abou
15、t the need for other people to become “ computer-literate“, in other words, to learn to understand computers and what makes them tick. Not all experts agree, however, that this is a good idea. One pioneer, in particular, David Tebbutt, is the founder of Computertown in UK. Although many people see t
16、his as a successful attempt to bring people closer to the computer, David does not see it that way. He said that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason, to bring computers to the people and make them “people-literate“. David first got the idea when he visited one of America s best-k
17、nown computer “guru“ figures, Bob Albrecht, Albrecht, in the small university town of Palo Alto in Northern California. Albrecht had started a project called Computertown USA in the local library, and the local children used to call round every Wednesday to borrow some time on the computer there, in
18、stead of borrowing library books. Albrecht was always on hand to answer any questions and to help the children discover about computers in their own way. Over here, in Britain, Computertowns have taken off in a big way, and there are now about 40 scattered over the country. David Tebbutt thinks they
19、 are most successful when tied to a computer club. He insists that there be a vast and important difference between the two, although they complement each other. The clubs cater for the enthusiasts, who have been with some computer knowledge already, who get together and eventually from an expert co
20、mputer group. This frightens away non-experts, who are happier going to Computertowns where there are computers available for them to experiment on, with experts available to encourage them and answer any questions. They are not told what to do, how to operate, and they find out. David Tebbutt finds
21、 it interesting to see the two different approaches working side by side. The computer experts have to learn not to tell people about the operating principle of computers, but they have to be able to explain the answers to the questions that people really want to know. In some Computertowns there ar
22、e question sessions, rather like radio phone-ins, where the experts listen to a lot of questions and then try to work out some structure to answer them. People do not have to learn computer jargons, even to be “computer-literate“, but the experts have to translate computer mysteries into easily unde
23、rstood terms; then computers will be easier for people to operate, and the computers will become “people literate“. 6 What does “computer-literate“(Line 4, Para. 1)mean? （ A） Everyone is necessary to have a computer. （ B） People know much knowledge about computers. （ C） Knowledge about computers is
24、hard to absorb. （ D） Computers are becoming more and more widely used. 7 Why did David Tebbutt oppose the idea of “computer-literate“? （ A） Because “computer-literate“ can hardly bring people closer to the computer. （ B） Because “computer-literate“ can bring people further to the computer. （ C） Beca
25、use he believed Computertown can bring people much closer to computer. （ D） Because he believed that making computer “people-literate“ is more significant. 8 The phrase “cater for“(Line 4, Para. 4)can be replaced by_. （ A） exclude （ B） accord with （ C） run by （ D） opposed by 9 Which of the following
26、 is not the difference between computertown and computer club? （ A） There are computer fans with some computer knowledge in the club. （ B） There are experts in computertowns available to answer any questions. （ C） The computertown develops faster than computer club. （ D） The computer club may develo
27、p into an expert computer group. 10 The best title of the passage may be_. （ A） The Development of Computertowns （ B） People are Becoming “Computer-literate“ （ C） The Computers are Becoming “People Literate“ （ D） The Relationship Between People and Computer 10 Is it any wonder that America is also a
28、 country of dangerously overweight people? According to a recent study by the National Centre for Health Statistics, the number of adults characterized as overweight in the United States has jumped to an astonishing one-third of the population. Overweight in this case means being about 20 percent or
29、 more above a persons desirable weight. Since the figures for “desirable weight“ have moved upward over the last decade or so, total poundage even at 20 percent over may be considerable. So are the attendant health risks. Excess weight has been linked to cardiovascular disease, hypertension, adult-o
30、nset diabetes and some forms of cancer, among other diseases. Once, when work and school and the grocery store were a two-mile hike away, Americans could afford the calories they consume. But not now, not when millions spend four or five hours a day in front of a TV set along with a bag of chips, a
31、bowl of buttered popcorn and a six-pack and there s a car or two in every driveway. “There is no commitment to obesity as a public health problem,“ said Dr. William Dietz, director of clinical nutrition at the New England Medical Centre in Boston. “We ve ignored it, and blamed it on gluttony and slo
32、th.“ If one definition of a public health problem is its cost to the nation, then obesity qualifies. According to a study done by Dr. Graham A. Colditz, who teaches at Harvard Medical School, it cost America an estimated $68.8 billion in 1990. But whats wrong blaming it on gluttony and sloth? True,
33、some unfortunate overweight people have an underlying physical or genetic problem. But for most Americans, the problem is with two of the seven deadly sins. Losing weight is a desperately difficult business. Preventing gain, however, is not. Consumer information is everywhere and there can be few ad
34、ults who truly believe that hot dogs, fries, a soda and a couple of Twinkies make a good lunch. But they eat them anyway. As more and more Americans became educated to the risks of smoking, more and more Americans gave up the habit. Now it appears that Americans need an intensive education in the ri
35、sks of stuffing themselves and failing to exercise as well. Given the seductiveness of chocolate and cheese, the couch and the car, that habit will be hard to break. But if an ounce of prevention can obviate a pound of fat, it is well worth the struggle. 11 The author setting up the standard of over
36、weight people based on the fact that_. （ A） the number of overweight people has astonishingly increased （ B） people have a different idea about their desirable weight now （ C） overweight becomes a threat to people s health （ D） the overweight problem has long been studied 12 By saying “So are the at
37、tendant health risks“ in Paragraph 3, the author means_. （ A） America suffers health risks as well as the overweight problem （ B） health risks resulted from overweight are serious too （ C） overweight is classified as one of the health problems （ D） people have also paid much attention to the possibl
38、e health risks 13 What does William Dietz think of overweight? （ A） Overweight should be treated as a public health problem. （ B） Overweight should be attributed to gluttony and sloth. （ C） Overweight has much to do with nutritional problems. （ D） Overweight has nothing to do with the overuse of car
39、s. 14 Most Americans believe that_. （ A） the overweight problem has cost the nation much （ B） obesity is related to one s physical conditions （ C） people who are overweight are unfortunate （ D） gluttony and sloth are two deadly sins 15 In order to solve the overweight problem, the author suggests th
40、at everyone need to_. （ A） be taught to prevent gaining weight （ B） be educated to lose weight effectively （ C） seek help from consumer information （ D） know what makes a healthy dinner 15 Maybe unemployment isnt so bad after all. A new study says that, income notwithstanding, having a demanding, un
41、stable and thankless job may make you even unhappier than not having a job at all. Given that a paid position gives workers purpose and a structured role, researchers had long thought that having any job would make a person happier than being unemployed. That turns out to be true if you move into a
42、high-quality job but taking a bad job is detrimental to mental health. Australian National University researchers looked at how various psychosocial work attributes affect well-being. They found that poor-quality jobs those with high demands, low control over decision making, high job insecurity and
43、 an effort-reward imbalancehad more adverse effects on mental health than joblessness. The researchers analyzed seven years of data from more than 7,000 respondents of an Australian labour survey for their Occupational and Environmental Medicine study in which they wrote: As hypothesized, we found t
44、hat those respondents who were unemployed had significantly poorer mental health than those who were employed. However, the mental health of those who were unemployed was comparable or more often superior to those in jobs of the poorest psychosocial quality. The current results therefore suggest tha
45、t employment strategies seeking to promote positive outcomes for unemployed individuals need to also take account of job design and workplace policy. Moving from unemployment to a job with high psychosocial quality was associated with improvements in mental health, the author said. Meanwhile, the me
46、ntal health of people in the least-satisfying jobs declined the most over time and the worse the job, the more it affected workers well-being. Unemployed people in the Australian study had a mental-health score(based on the five-item Mental Health Inventory, which measures depression, anxiety and po
47、sitive well-being in the previous month)of 68.5. Employed people had an average score of 75.1. The researchers found that moving from unemployment to a good job raised workers scores by 3.3 points, but taking a bad job led to a 5.6-point drop below average. That was worse than remaining unemployed,
48、which led to decline of about one point. These findings underscore the importance of employment to a person s well-being. Rather than seeking any new job, the study suggests that people who are unemployed or stuck doing lousy work should seek new positions that offer more security, autonomy and a re
49、asonable workload. But that s a lot easier said than done. Perhaps employers could be persuaded to be more mindful of the mental health of their workers happier employees are a benefit to their employers. “The erosion of work conditions,“ the researchers noted, “may incur a health cost, which over the longer term will be both economically and socially counterproductive.“ 16 The traditional thought that having any job is better than being unemployed is true when_. （ A） the element of salary is c
