1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 117及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 假设你是李明 一名应届毕业生，在报纸上看到一则招聘广告，你想要到登广告的公司供职，请给该公司写一封求职信，内容应简要介绍自己的情况以及自己的经历等。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the ques
2、tions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 Climate Change Sci
3、entists predict increasing droughts, floods and extreme weather and say there is growing evidence that human activities are to blame. What Is Climate Change? The planets climate is constantly changing. The global average temperature is currently in the region of 15 . Geological and other evidence su
4、ggests that, in the past, this average may have been as high as 27 and as low as 7 . But scientists are concerned that the natural fluctuation (波动 ) has been overtaken by a rapid human-induced warming that has serious implications for the stability of the climate on which much life on the planet dep
5、ends. What Is the “Greenhouse Effect“? The greenhouse effect refers to the role played by gases which effectively trap energy from the Sun in the Earths atmosphere. Without them, the planet would be too cold to sustain life as we know it. The most important of these gases in the natural greenhouse e
6、ffect is water vapor, but concentrations of that are changing little and it plays almost no role in modern human-induced greenhouse warming. Other greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane (甲烷 ) and nitrous (含氮的 ) oxide, which arc released by modern industry, agriculture and the burning of fo
7、ssil fuels. Their concentration in the atmosphere is increasing-the concentration of carbon dioxide has risen by more than 30% since 1800. The majority of climate scientists accept the theory that an increase in these gases will cause a rise in the Earths temperature. What Is the Evidence of Warming
8、? Temperature records go back to the late 19th century and show that the global average temperature increased by about 0.6 in the 20th century. Sea levels have risen 10 20 cm-thought to be caused mainly by the expansion of warming oceans. Most glaciers in temperate regions of the world and along the
9、 Antarctic Peninsula are in retreat, and records show Arctic sea-ice has thinned by 40% in recent decades in summer and autumn. There are anomalies (异常 ) however-parts of the Antarctic appear to be getting colder, and there are discrepancies between trends in surface temperatures and those in the tr
10、oposphere(对流层 ) (the lower portion of the atmosphere). How Much Will Temperatures Rise? If nothing is done to reduce emissions, current climate models predict a global temperature increase of 1.4 5.8 by 2100. Even if we cut greenhouse gas emissions dramatically now, scientists say the effects would
11、continue because parts of the climate system, particularly large bodies of water and ice, can take hundreds of years to respond to changes in temperature. It also takes greenhouse gases in the atmosphere decades to break down. It is possible that we have already irrevocably(不可撤回地 ) committed the Gre
12、enland ice sheet to melting, which would cause an estimated 7m rise in sea level. There are also indications that the west Antarctic ice sheet may have begun to melt, though scientists caution further research is necessary. How Will the Weather Change? Globally, we can expect more extreme weather ev
13、ents, with heat waves becoming hotter and more frequent. Scientists predict more rainfall overall, but say the risk of drought in inland areas during hot summers will increase. More flooding is expected from storms and rising sea levels. There are, however, likely to be very strong regional variatio
14、ns in these patterns, and these are difficult to predict. What Will the Effects Be? The potential impact is huge, with predicted freshwater shortages, sweeping changes in food production conditions, and increases in deaths from floods, storms, heat waves and droughts. Poorer countries, which are lea
15、st equipped to deal with rapid change, will suffer most. Plant and animal extinctions are predicted as habitats change faster than species can adapt, and the World Health Organization has warned that the health of millions could be threatened by increases in malaria, water-borne disease and malnutri
16、tion. What Dont We Know? We dont know exactly what proportion of the observed warming is caused by human activities or what the knock-on effects of the warming will be. The precise relationship between concentrations of carbon dioxide (and other greenhouse gases) and temperature rise is not known, w
17、hich is one reason why there is such uncertainty in projections Of temperature increase. Global warming will cause some changes which will speed up further warming, such as the release of large quantities of the greenhouse gas methane as permafrost(永久冻结带 ) melts. Other factors may mitigate(减轻 ) warm
18、ing. It is possible that plants may take more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as their growth speeds up in warmer conditions, though this remains in doubt. Scientists are not sure how the complex balance between these positive and negative feedback effects will play out. What about the Skeptics?
19、Global warming “skeptics“ fall into three broad camps: . those who maintain temperatures are not rising; . those who accept the climate is changing but suspect it is largely down to natural variation; . those who accept the theory of human-induced warming but say it is not worth tackling as other gl
20、obal problems are more pressing. Nevertheless, there is a growing scientific consensus (舆论 ) that, even on top of the natural variability of the climate, something out of the ordinary is happening and humans are to blame. A scientific report commissioned by the U.S. government has concluded there is
21、 “clear evidence“ of climate change caused by human activities. The report, from the federal Climate Change Science Program, said trends seen over the last 50 years “cannot be explained by natural processes alone“. It found that temperatures have increased in the lower atmosphere as well as at the E
22、arths surface. However, scientists involved in the report say better data is badly needed. Observations down the years have suggested that the troposphere, the lower atmosphere, is not warming up, despite evidence that temperatures at the Earths surface are rising. This goes against generally accept
23、ed tenets (原则 ) of atmospheric physics, and has been used by “climate skeptics“ as proof that there is no real warming. The new report, Temperature Trends in the Lower Atmosphere, re-analyses the atmospheric data and concludes that tropospheric temperatures are rising. This means, it says, that the
24、impact of human activities upon the global climate is clear. “The observed patterns of change over the past 50 years cannot be explained by natural processes alone, nor by the effect of short-lived atmospheric constituents (such as aerosols and tropospheric ozone ) alone,“ it says. Holes in the Data
25、 But there are some big uncertainties which still need resolving. Globally, the report concludes, tropospheric temperatures have risen by 0.10 and 0.20 per decade since 1979, when satellite data became generally available. The wide gap between the two figures means, says the report, that “.it is not
26、 clear whether the troposphere has warmed more or less than the surface.“ Peter Thorne, of the U.K. Meteorological Office, who contributed to the report, ascribes this uncertainty to poor data “Basically, weve not been observing the atmosphere with climate in mind,“ he told the BBC News website. “We
27、re looking for very small signals in data that are very noisy. From one day to the next, the temperature can change by 10 , but were looking for a signal in the order of 0.1 per decade.“ The report shows up a particular discrepancy concerning the tropics, where it concludes that temperatures are ris
28、ing by between 0.02 and 0.19 per decade, a big margin of error. Additionally, the majority of the available datasets show more warming at the surface than in the troposphere, whereas most models predict the opposite. For Fred Singer, of the Science and Environmental Policy Project, a prominent clima
29、te skeptic, this suggests that the reports support for the concept of human-induced climate change is spin rather than substance. “The basic data in the report is quite OK,“ he said, “but the interpretation thats been given is different from what the data says.“ No Inconsistency Measuring tropospher
30、ic temperatures is far from a simple business. Satellites sense the “average“ temperature of the air between themselves and the Earth, largely blind to what is happening at different altitudes. To compound matters, instruments on board satellites degrade over time, orbits subtly drift, and calibrati
31、on (校准 ) between different satellites may be poor. Weather balloons (or radiosondes) take real-time measurements as they ascend, but scientists can never assess instruments afterwards; they are “fire-and-forget“ equipment. Correcting for all these potential sources of error is a sensitive and time-c
32、onsuming process. The report makes clear recommendations for the kind of infrastructure needed to produce higher-quality data and resolve remaining uncertainties. Key recommendations include: . establishing reference sites for radiosonde measurements which would increase consistency between datasets
33、; . making sure the operating periods of satellites overlap so instruments can be cross-calibrated; . observing factors such as wind, clouds, and humidity in the troposphere to make sure they are consistent with temperature data. Such observations could produce an unambiguous picture of tropospheric
34、 warming, removing discrepancies over the scientific picture and providing better data which can be used to improve computer models. 2 In the past, the global average temperature may have been 27 . 3 Water vapor plays almost no role in modern greenhouse warming. 4 There are discrepancies between tre
35、nds in surface temperatures and those in the troposphere in the Antarctic. 5 It may take large bodies of water and ice decades to respond to changes in temperature. 6 It is difficult to predict the strong regional variations in the patterns of _. 7 According to the WHO, increases in malaria, water-b
36、orne disease and malnutrition could threaten _. 8 The release of large quantities of the greenhouse gas methane as permafrost melts will speed up _. 9 A U.S. scientific report concluded that some trends of climate change were caused by _. 10 Most models predict more warming in the troposphere than a
37、t the surface, whereas most datasets _. 11 To resolve remaining uncertainties, its necessary to observe factors such as wind, clouds, and humidity in the troposphere to make sure they are consistent with _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long convers
38、ations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is th
39、e best answer. （ A） Mary is worthy of the prize. （ B） Mary has granted the prize. （ C） Mary fails in the speech contest. （ D） The man doesnt think Mary deserves the prize. （ A） Driving a car. （ B） Taking a taxi. （ C） Taking a train. （ D） Going by subway. （ A） He dislikes museums and galleries. （ B）
40、He does not care about the weather. （ C） Going to the beach is the best choice. （ D） He doesnt want to go to Washington. （ A） She wants to live in the suburbs. （ B） She is offended by her naughty children. （ C） She disagrees with father. （ D） She turns a deaf ear to her husbands words. （ A） Call her
41、 after five. （ B） Make calls from her phone. （ C） Go to the meeting with her. （ D） Fix his phone. （ A） Husband and wife. （ B） Teacher and student. （ C） Policeman and driver. （ D） Mother and son. （ A） At the library. （ B） At the airport. （ C） At the post office. （ D） At the teachers office. （ A） He i
42、s good at drawing pictures. （ B） He likes pictures very much. （ C） He likes visiting the art museum very much. （ D） He thinks the art museum is a very quiet place. （ A） He is a professional electrician. （ B） He possesses a basic knowledge of electricity. （ C） He knows nothing about electricity. （ D）
43、 Electricity is his major. （ A） To wire her office. （ B） To fix the transformer. （ C） To wire her building. （ D） To fix the wires. （ A） The transformer. （ B） The battery. （ C） The fuses. （ D） The wires. （ A） Its next to Pueblo. （ B） Its in the southwest of the U.S. （ C） Its a city of India. （ D） Its
44、 outside the city Pueblo. （ A） Stone jewelry, （ B） Beautiful stone. （ C） Arts and crafts. （ D） Amazing paintings. （ A） Tans Pueblo. （ B） Apache. （ C） Navajo. （ D） Ute. （ A） For almost a thousand years. （ B） For a few decades. （ C） For a century. （ D） For several years. Section B Directions: In this
45、section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） British. （ B） Americans. （ C） Ge
46、rmans. （ D） Japanese. （ A） Entirely effective. （ B） Totally incorrect. （ C） A complete failure. （ D） Quite difficult. （ A） Have a greater sense of duty. （ B） Can get higher pay. （ C） Can avoid working hard. （ D） Can avoid busy traffic. （ A） Winter in Alaska. （ B） The brave Alaskan people. （ C） Alask
47、an transportation today. （ D） A dog sled race. （ A） Every year in March. （ B） Every other year. （ C） From two to three weeks. （ D） The winter of 1925. （ A） Winning. （ B） Finding gold. （ C） Just to finish. （ D） Being able to participate. （ A） Its because there are many developing nations. （ B） Its be
48、cause people use too many man-made materials. （ C） Its because we have more and more industry. （ D） Its because we are building more vehicles. （ A） Industry. （ B） Health. （ C） The future of our children. （ D） Clean air. （ A） Man knows where the society is going. （ B） People dont welcome the rapid de
49、velopment of modern society. （ C） The speaker is worried about the future of our modern society. （ D） Man can do nothing about the problem of pollution. （ A） To interest students in a career in counseling. （ B） To recruit counselors to work in the placement office. （ C） To inform students of a university program. （ D） To convince local merchants to hire college students. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should
