1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 23及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled “The First Impression of My Roommate“ You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1这是我在大学的第一 天。 2他 (她 )就是我的同学。 3我仔细打量了他 (她 )，发现 二、 Part II Reading
2、 Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) i
3、f the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 Creative Justice Throwing criminals in jail is an ancient and widespread method of punishment, but is it a wise one? It does seem reasonable to keep wrongdoers in a
4、place where they find fewer opportunities to hurt innocent people, and where they might discover that crime doesnt pay. The system has long been considered fair and sound by those who want to see the guilty punished and society protected. Yet the value of this form of justice is now being questioned
5、 by the very men who have to apply it: the judges. The reason, they say, is that prison doesnt do anyone any good. Does it really help society, or the victim, or the victims family, to put in jail a man who, while drunk at the wheel of his car, has injured or killed another person? It would be more
6、helpful to make the man pay for his victims medical bills and compensate him for the bad experience, the loss of working time, and any other problems arising from the accident. If the victim is dead, in most cases his family could use some financial assistance. The idea of compensation is far from n
7、ew, some ancient nations had laws defining very precisely what should be paid for every offense and injury. In Babylon, around 2700 B.C., a thief had to give back five times the value of the goods he had stolen; in Rome, centuries later, thieves only paid double. “Good system!“ say modem judges, who
8、 know what bad effects a prison term can have on a nonviolent first offender. A young thief who spends time in jail receives there a thorough education in crime from his fellow prisoners. Willingly or not, he has to associate with tough criminals who will drag him into more serious offenses, more pr
9、ison terms a life of repeated wrongdoing that will leave a trail of victims and cost the community a great deal of money; for it is very expensive to put a man on trial and keep him in jail. Such considerations have caused a number of English and American judges to try other kinds of punishment for
10、“light“ criminals, all unpleasant enough to discourage the offenders from repeating their offenses, but safe for them because they are not exposed to dangerous company. They pay for their crime by helping their victims, financially or otherwise, or by doing unpaid labor for their community; they may
11、 have to work for the poor or the mentally ill, to clean the streets of their town, collect little or plant trees, or to do some work for which they are qualified. Or perhaps they take a job and repay their victim out of their salary. This sort of punishment, called an alternative sentence, is appli
12、ed only to nonviolent criminals who are not likely to be dangerous to the public, such as forgers, shoplifters, and drivers who have caused traffic accidents. Alternative sentences are considered particularly good for young offenders. The sentenced criminal has the right to refuse the new type of pu
13、nishment if he prefers a prison term. Since alternative sentences are not defined by law, it is up to the judges to find the punishment that fits the crime. They have shown remarkable imagination in applying what they call “creative justice.“ A dentist convicted of killing a motorcyclist while drivi
14、ng drunk has been condemned to fix the teeth of the poor and the elderly at his own expense one day a week for a full year. Another drunk driver (age nineteen) was ordered to work in the emergency room of a hospital once a week for three years, so that he could see for himself the results of careles
15、s driving. A thief who had stolen some equipment from a farmer had to raise a pig and a calf for his victim. A former city treasurer, guilty of dishonest actions, was put to raising money for the Red Cross. A group of teenagers were sentenced to fix ten times the number of windows that they had smas
16、hed “just for fun one wild evening. Graffiti artists have been made to scrub walls, benches, and other “decorated“ places. Other young offenders caught snatching old ladies purses have been condemned to paint or repair old peoples houses or to work in mental hospitals. A doctor whet had attacked his
17、 neighbor during a snowball fight had to give a lecture on the relation between smoking and cancer. A college professor arrested in a protest demonstration was ordered to write a long essay on civil disobedience, and the president of a film company, who had forged $42,000 worth of checks, had to mak
18、e a film about the danger of drugs, to be shown in schools. The project cost him $45,000, besides the fine that he had been sentenced to pay. The judges creativity is not reserved for individuals only; lawbreaking companies also can receive alternative sentences. They are usually directed to make la
19、rge contributions to charities or projects that will benefit their community. Instead of trying new types of sentences, some judges have explored new ways of using the old ones. They have given prison term to be served on weekends only, for instance a sentence that allows married offenders to retain
20、 their jobs and to keep their families together. Although the public tends to find the weekend sentences much too light, the offenders do not always agree. Says one, “its worse than serving one term full time, because its like going to jail twenty times.“ But prison personnel object that it is too e
21、asy for weekenders to bring drags and other forbidden goods to the other inmates: they have to be searched carefully and create extra problems and work for the guards. Alternative sentencing is now practiced in seventeen states and is spreading fast. Judges meet regularly to compare sentences and sh
22、are their experiences. The federal government has announced that it would provide guidelines to prevent the courts from giving widely different sentences for similar offenses. The judges have not welcomed the idea; they feel that it will narrow their choice of sentences and clip the wings of their i
23、magination. The supporters of the new justice point out that it presents many advantages. It reduces prison crowding, which has been responsible for much violence and crime among inmates. It saves a great deal of money, and decreases the chances of bad influence and repeated offenses. It also provid
24、es some help to the victims, who have always been neglected in the past. Many judges think that alternative sentences may also be beneficial to the offenders themselves, by forcing them to see the effects of their crimes and the people who have suffered from them. The greatest resistance to the new
25、kind of justice comes from the families of victims who have died. Bent on revenge, many angrily refuse any sort of compensation. They want the criminal locked up in the good old-fashioned way. They believe, reasonably, that the only just punishment is the one that fits the crime. And they fail to un
26、derstand the purpose of alternative sentencing. What the judges are trying to find is the kind of punishment that will not only be just, but useful to society, by helping the victims and their families, the community, and those offenders who can be reformed. “This,“ says a “creative“ judge, “is true
27、 justice.“ 2 English and American judges object to prison terms. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 English and American judges are trying to use alternative sentencing to punish some criminals. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Alternative sentencing is considered only good for young offenders. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5
28、Creative justice is welcomed by the public. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 A nonviolent offender can choose _. 7 Alternative sentencing is also called _. 8 Creative justice is applied to _. 9 Alternative sentencing is now practiced in _ states and is spreading fast. 10 Creative justice started in the Unite
29、d States is based on _. 11 Prison terms to be served on weekends only are _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the qu
30、estions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Seeing a film. （ B） Diving in the sea. （ C） Having a class. （ D） Doing an experiment. （ A） Alice is now in a v
31、ery bad temper. （ B） Alice is now preparing for the test. （ C） Alice is now very happy. （ D） Alice is now ill. （ A） A chemistry class. （ B） A biology class. （ C） A mathematics class. （ D） A physics class. （ A） Its less expensive. （ B） Its more comfortable. （ C） Its faster. （ D） Its more direct. （ A）
32、 He prefers staying at home because he doesnt like to travel. （ B） He prefers taking a bus because the plane makes him nervous. （ C） He prefers taking a plane because the bus is too slow. （ D） He prefers travelling with the woman. （ A） The train is faster than the bus. （ B） There are two buses every
33、 day. （ C） The bus is cheaper than the train. （ D） The train is cheaper than the bus. （ A） At 11 clock. （ B） At 4 oclock. （ C） At 7 oclock. （ D） At 2 oclock. （ A） In the morning. （ B） Late at night. （ C） After 5:30. （ D） At or before 5:30. （ A） A test in a composition class. （ B） A road test. （ C） T
34、he written test for her drivers license. （ D） A road. （ A） He drove too last. （ B） He couldnt park well. （ C） He made an improper turn. （ D） He couldnt start the car. （ A） Drive her to the test sits. （ B） Help her get ready for the road test. （ C） Sell her a car. （ D） Sell her cars. （ A） North of Lo
35、s Angeles. （ B） Between Los Angeles and San Diego. （ C） East of San Diego. （ D） Los Angeles. （ A） They are a type of insect. （ B） They are a kind of fish. （ C） They are a type of bird. （ D） They are a type of pig. （ A） In March. （ B） In early summer. （ C） In October. （ D） In April. （ A） About 200 mi
36、les. （ B） About 1,000 miles. （ C） About 7,000 miles. （ D） About 5,000 miles. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mu
37、st choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Light darkens silver salt. （ B） Light darkens natural salt. （ C） Light darkens silver. （ D） Light darkens self- developing film. （ A） 1727. （ B） 1839. （ C） 1823. （ D） 1860. （ A） An automatic printer. （ B） A cheap process of d
38、eveloping film at home. （ C） A new kind of film. （ D） An “instant“ camera that develops its own film. （ A） 70% of the land surface. （ B） Food. （ C） Drinking water directly. （ D） Mineral water. （ A） Cheap. （ B） Costly. （ C） Easy. （ D） Difficult. （ A） Its scarce proteins. （ B） Its terrible taste. （ C）
39、 Its many vitamins. （ D） The difficulty of finding it. （ A） Mice. （ B） Rats. （ C） Monkeys. （ D） A, B and C. （ A） The relationship between mice, rats arid monkeys. （ B） The relationship between diet and animals. （ C） The relationship between diet and man. （ D） The relationship between diet and health
40、. （ A） The first group. （ B） The second group. （ C） The last group. （ D） All the three groups. （ A） Diet has nothing to do with health. （ B） The amount of food has something to do with health. （ C） Health depends on diet totally. （ D） Good food has nothing to do with health. Section C Directions: In
41、 this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For
42、 blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 37 Americans like to laugh and make jokes. (36)_ practical jokes, which are jokes intended to trick or people (37)_ in some (
43、38)_ way, are always popular. In the United States and a few other countries the first day of April, April Fools Day, is a day (39)_ to such harmless practical jokes and an excuse for every American to fool his friends and (40)_. When I was a college student, our daily college newspaper, which was r
44、ead by most of the people who lived in the city near the college as well as by students, always had a special April Fools (41)_. One year the paper said that a beautiful park in the center of the campus was to be turned into a (42)_ lot. Another year the paper (43)_ reported that (44)_. It was surpr
45、ising that many people believed these stories. (45)_ by Drson Wells. Mr. Wells told his audience that the Earth was being invaded by Mars. (46)_. Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the que
46、stions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. 48 Students who score high in achievement needs tend to make higher grades in college than those who score low. When degree aptitude for college work, as indicated by College Entrance Examination Board Tests, is held constant, engineeri
47、ng students who score high in achievement needs tend to make higher grades in college than the aptitude test scores would indicate. We can define this need as the habitual desire to do useful work well. It is a salient influence characteristic of those who need little supervision. Their desire for a
48、ccomplishment is a stronger motivation than any stimulation the supervisor can provide. Individuals who function in terms of this drive do not “bluff“ in regard to a job that they fail to do well. Some employees have a strong drive for success in their work; others are satisfied when they make a liv
49、ing. Those who want to feel that they are successful have high aspiration for themselves. Thoughts concerning the achievement drive are often prominent in the evaluations made by the typical employment interviewer who interviews college seniors for executive training. He wants to find out whether the senior has a strong drive to get ahead or merely to hold a job. Research indicates that some who do get ahead have an ev
